DE3127023A1 - "METHOD FOR HOLDING A LOAD AND LOAD UNDER THE METHOD" - Google Patents

Description

description

The present invention relates to a method of holding a load together and to one according to the method Load held together according to the preamble of claim 1 or that of claim 21.

Methods for holding together or for maintaining are known the cohesion of loads that have multiple corners or peaks, in particular are multi-faceted it is that the burden has insufficient internal cohesion, be it that it is caused by a grouping of rigid ones next to one another arranged objects is formed.

In the case of light, space-consuming loads that can be moved, especially lifted, there is a known one Method of making a bandage around the lower, upper and side surfaces of the load.

This method cannot be used for heavy and space-consuming loads, such as loads stacked on pallets be applied because it is difficult to handle the load in such a way that one part of the bandage on the lower Area, especially in its central area. The lower surface of the load forms its permanent support surface especially on the pallet. Even suppose that such a band part could be placed in the central zone of the lower surface bring, this has the disadvantage that this part of the belt is worse, in particular damaged, when the load is pushed, so that cohesion would no longer be guaranteed.

Is applied in another known .A ;, the case of heavy and space-consuming loads _s brings to a band for the load by means of a flexible band of plastic material to which is applied without gaps _s spirally over the side surfaces of the load. According to a variant, it covers the side surfaces of the load with a film-like belt _s which extends directly over all its surfaces. These methods are disadvantageous because their application is limited to loads that have a regular and cuboid shape. Moreover, in this case the film tape creates holding forces in the load which are substantially perpendicular to a single axis, which does not prevent the load from being improperly held together along that axis. Likewise, in the case of a cuboid load, the tape is placed over the side surfaces and thus creates horizontal cohesive forces that do not prevent the separation of rows of objects from one another in the vertical direction, for example.

Finally, a method is also known which is equally applicable to heavy and space-consuming loads and in which a rigid element, such as a clamp ₈ , is placed on the load to hold it together. This method has the disadvantage that one has to use clamping means as a holding element for the load itself. In addition, this method assumes a regular shape and constant dimensions of the load.

The object of the present invention is “a method of the type mentioned at the beginning ^ with which the above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided and with the heavy and voluminous Loads held together in a simple and convenient way

can be maintained or their cohesion can be maintained can. In addition, a load produced according to this method is to be created.

This object is achieved in the method mentioned at the beginning by the features indicated in the characterizing part of claim 1 and with the load produced by the process through the irn Characteristics of claim 21 specified features solved.

The present invention avoids the above-mentioned disadvantages in that the method for holding together or to maintain the cohesion of a particular heavy and voluminous load, which has a large number of corners or peaks, in particular is multi-faceted and in particular consists of a grouping of rigid objects arranged side by side, by means of a flexible one Band a band with a certain elasticity is used, and the band on the load over at least two of their Corners or points are placed and pulled, the tape being placed over these corners or points and they at least partially covers, as a result of which cohesive or tensile forces are generated in the load, which lead to at least two different Axes run vertically.

The advantage of the method according to the invention is that the handling is simple and in particular that there is no access to the central zone of the lower support surface of the Load needed. The procedure can be at the expense of irregular Form, the dimensions of which are changeable, applied to cuboid forms and also to completely different forms will. Finally, this method can also be combined with a method for packing loads or with a method can be combined to protect them.

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Further details and embodiments of the invention can be found in the following description, in which the Invention based on the embodiments shown in the drawing is described and explained in more detail. Show it:

FIG. 1 shows, in a schematic perspective illustration, a load ₉ as it is held together by the method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

Figs. 2-4 representations similar to FIG. 1 “but according to other embodiments of the present invention!

FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of the load according to FIGS. 1 to 4 in progress their outer surfaces;

Figure 6 in a schematic perspective illustration according to the invention Method of holding the load together according to a further exemplary embodiment, and

Figs. 7a-7h a total of eight diagrams of eight variants of loads held together, with these are shown in a developed representation.

The present invention relates to a method of holding together or to maintain the cohesion of particularly heavy and space-consuming or voluminous Loads.

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Such a load is represented by a lower support surface F, which lies in particular on a pallet 2 or the like, and by at least one outer surface F .., namely here at least three outside areas, limited.

In the method according to the invention, a band 3 is used which has a certain elasticity in the longitudinal direction and / or transverse direction, for example made of plastic. The tape 3 is placed and pulled over the load 1 or over and around at least two corners or peaks S ^ and S / j of the load. The tape 3 is placed over the tips S ^ and S ^ and covers them at least partially. This arrangement has the effect that holding together or tensile forces are generated in the load 1 which are perpendicular to at least two different axes, in particular axes perpendicular to one another.

According to a possible variant, the band 3 is drawn between at least two points S ^ and S ^ ₃ , which belong to the same area F- (FIG. 1). According to another variant, the band is drawn between two points S ^ and S ₇₃ , which belong to two different, adjacent or non-adjacent (FIG. 4 and FIG. 6) surfaces F. and F.

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According to the invention, the tape is drawn between all (FIGS. 1 to 4) or parts (FIG. 6) of the tips S> the load 1.

According to a possible variant, when two points S ^ and S ^ are covered by the tape, the tape 3 is placed over it at least one surface F .. of the load 1, in particular in their central zone (Fig. 1).

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According to another variant, when two points S ^ and S ^ are covered by the band 3, the tape 3 _{D is placed} in the longitudinal direction over and around an edge A ^ of the load 1 and over the edges of the surfaces F., F. of the load I. ₉ which are adjacent to this edge (Fig. 2).

According to a further variant, the band 3 is placed over at least one area F. of the load 1 and the band 3 is pulled between at least two corner areas C ^ and to this area F., which are separated from one another by at least one intermediate corner area C ^ of the same area. The band 3 is then drawn along a diagonal of the area F. (FIGS. 1 and 2).

According to another variant, the tape 3 is placed over at least one surface F. of the load 1 and is pulled between them all pairs of corner areas of this surface which are separated from one another by at least one intermediate corner area of the same Area F. are separated, so consequently along all diagonals of this area F. "which may intersect (Figs. 1 and 2).

In "another variant, the tape 3 is placed over at least an area F- of the load 1 and pulls the tape between at least two edges A ^ and A ^ of this area F .. This both edges are adjacent or not adjacent to one another (not shown).

According to another variant, the band 3 is placed over at least one area F _{1 of} the load and the band is pulled between an edge A ^ i and a corner area C ^ * of this area F .. Preferably, the corner area Zy> is arranged opposite the edge IKji ( Fiy. 6).

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Another variant is to lay the tape. 3 over all outer surfaces F. of the load 1. In particular, one can Lay the tape 3 over all the side surfaces of the load 1. It is also possible to place the tape 3 over the upper surfaces of the load.

In the method according to the present invention, the tape is not over the lower support surface F of the load 1, in particular not placed over their central zone. In contrast, the tape 3 can optionally over the corner areas C-. the lower surface F and in the immediate vicinity of the Edges A. this area F.

On the other hand, in one variant, load 1 can be permanently on ih
let lie.

permanently support or

In one possible variant, one uses a longitudinal and / or odor Cross direction stretchable tape. With another Variant one uses a band that can be contracted by heat and one heats this band after it is on and around the Load is laid to pull it together.

In a possible variant, a band 3 is used which has a free beginning end and a free rear end. In this case, the beginning end of the tape is initially held firmly connected to the load 1, in particular, at least at times by gluing, soldering, clamping or simple pressure, and then connects the other free end of the band 3 with the Load 1 and / or another area of the belt 3, in particular by gluing, soldering or clamping.

In another variant, you use an endless belt 3. You first lay and hold a first area

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this tape used 3 against the load 1 and places and then holds other areas of this tape used one after the other on the load 1.

In a further variant, one covers with the tape 3 the total of the area of the outer surfaces F .. in this way one can effect the packing of the load.

In a 'further variant, the tape 3 is placed on certain desired areas in multiple tape thicknesses 3 "µm to ensure protection of the load on or in these areas.

In a further variant, the tape 3 is placed on all or part of the edges A of the load 1. Or one is placed the band 3 does not cover all or part of the edges A ^ the load 1, which are adjacent to the lower surface F, but on those which are not contained in this lower surface F. are.

In FIGS. 1 to 4, a load is shown in the form of a general cuboid which contains a top surface F and four side surfaces F ₂ , F-, F- and F ₅ .

The band 3 "when the process is in the case of Fig. 1 covered performed, each pair of diagonals of the lateral surfaces? 2 to Fg. Furthermore the belt 3 over the edges ₀₂₉ A A ~ ₃ A" and Α- is laid. All peaks S of the load are covered. The particular sequential steps in carrying out the method to achieve this result are illustrated in Figure 7a. The tape 3 is placed on the surface F ₂ between the corner areas C ₂ g and C ₂ , o and then the tape is placed on the surface F, between the corner areas

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C ₃₁₂ ^{and C} 3o4 * ^{Danacn 1e} 9t ^m on the tape on the area F. between the corner areas C. - and C ₄ , r. Then the tape is placed on the surface F ₅ between the corner areas C ₅₁₄ and C ₅ and you go back to the tip S ₂ ς at the beginning. The tape is then put around and on the edge A ₂ up to the point ^S o23 ' ^{then on the F1acne F} 3 ^{from the} corner area C, ₂ to the corner area C ^ τ λ - then on the surface F. from the corner area C "i2 ^{to the} corner area C. g and so on until you come back to the tip S po. You then take the same sequence.

In the case of FIG. 2, the tape is placed on the area Fp from the corner area C _{2 5} to the corner area C ₂ -. ₃ , then around and over the edge A ₁₃ to the point S, _{3 /} ». Then the tape is placed on the surface F. up to the corner area C. ς and then on the surface F ₅ up to the corner area C ₅₁₂ . When you have reached the point S ₁₂₅ , you put the ribbon around and on the edge A ₁₂ up to the point S ₁₂₃ . The tape is then placed on the surface F ₃ up to the corner area C _{3 4} and then continued in the same way as described above (FIG. 7B).

In the case of Fig. 3, the sequence is shown in Fig. 7C. The tape is placed on surface F ₂ between corner areas C _{2 5} and C ₂₁₃ , then on top surface F ₁ between corner areas C ₁₂₃ and C ₁₄₅ . Then the tape is placed on the surface F ₅ between the corner areas C ₅₁₄ and C _502. Then one leads back to the tip S _q25 . The tape can be placed around and on the edge A _q2 up to the point S _q23 , then on the surface F ₃ from the corner area C ₃₀₂ to the corner area C ₃₁₄ . Then the tape is laid again on the surface F ₁ from the corner area C ₁₃₄ to the corner area C ₁₂₅ . You then come to the point S ₁₂₅ . The tape can then be placed on the area F ₂ from the corner area C ₂₁₅ to the corner area C _2q3 , so that

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around and over the edge A, between the tips S 23 and So «. Thereupon the tape is placed on the surface F ₄ from the corner area C, - to the corner area C ,, g ₉ so that the point S, ^ _{5 is} reached, from which the tape on the surface F-, from the corner area C, « g is placed to the corner area C ₁₂ O, whereby a tape already covers this area, but in the opposite direction ». This is then continued ₈ as indicated above.

In the case of FIG. 4, the sequence is shown on the basis of diagram 7D. The tape is first placed between the corner area C _{2 5 of} the surface F ₂ and the corner area C, ^ of the surface F, whereupon the tape is placed on the surface F ₂ and on the surface F, ₉ where it is at the edge A. ^ ₂ cross. The tape is then drawn between the corner area ^C 413 ^ ^{er F} ^ ^äcne ^ 4 and the ^corner area C _{5 2 of} ^the surface F ₅ , in which it overlaps _{the edge A 45.} You then come back to the tip S ₂₅ . The tape can then onto the edge A ₂ to the tip S ₂₃ are placed, from which then ₀ as indicated above from one begins again. This arrangement makes it possible as shown in the Figure "4 _s can be seen to multiply the contact zones of the strip on the side surfaces and distribute the same time the application of the tape on the upper surface.

Diagram 7E corresponds to a variant of diagram 7A “You cover two adjacent surfaces in diagonal _B, then an edge and so on.

The diagram 7F corresponds to a variant of the diagram 7B. After one has covered an area in the diagonal ₉ then an edge and then another area in the diagonal _t

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one covers two consecutive edges, etc.

The diagram 76 corresponds to a variant of the diagram 7A, which is an end phase with a double band or loop lashing of the side faces of the load.

Diagram 7H corresponds to a variant of diagram 7A, namely in the form that at the end of the process shown in diagram 7A, the tape is laid diagonally on a side surface, then lengthways over an edge and then the process begins again, as follows that not only the edges of the lower surface F 1 but also those of the upper surface F _{1 are covered and covered.}

In the case of FIG. 6, the load has a pyramidal shape with a triangle as a base. This load thus contains a lower surface F and three outer surfaces F., Fp, F ₃ . Assuming the same arrangements as described above, then the tape is placed between the tips S, - and S ₀₂₃ , the tape lying on the surfaces F ^ and Fp and leading over the edge A, ρ. Then the tape is placed over and on the edge A ₃ up to the point S,. Then the tape is placed on and over the edge A, up to the point S, p. Then the tape is placed again between the point S _Q , ₂ and the point S _{Ql3 by engaging over} the edge Ap ₃ .

From the above it is clear that the use of an elastic band allows its deformations, especially in the area of a corner or tip of the load, the elastic application of the band over the various corner areas of this tip is ensured, and with a view to the fact that cohesion or Tensile forces, as described above, are generated. In the case of a cuboid load, the forces occur along a first perpendicular to the surface F _Q

Axis and along a direction perpendicular to this axis Eber.e _s ie a second direction perpendicular to the first axis on.

The present invention also relates to a load characterized in that it is obtained using the method described above. As already indicated, the corner areas of the edges of the _D the edges of the lower support surface of the load F adjacent to 1 _s are optionally ;, access sfrei "so that a possible application or mounting of the tape is possible. 3

The band 3 can be uninterrupted or perforated, in particular provided with perforations. For example the band 3 can have the form of a mesh network »if necessary the tips of the load are located in the perforations, which preserves the effectiveness of the tape.

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Claims (1)

Claims A method for holding together, in particular heavy and voluninösen loads several corners have ,, in particular polyhedral and is preferably formed by a grouping of adjacent ^ rigid articles _S with the aid of a flexible belt, characterized in that a tape having a certain elasticity used the tape is placed and pulled around the load over at least two of its corners or tips, the tape being laid over these and at least partially covering them, such that cohesive forces which are perpendicular to at least two different axes are created in the load will. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tape is pulled between at least two peaks of the load belonging to the same area. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tape between at least two peaks of the load that belong to two different, adjacent or non-adjacent faces. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tape between all or one Part of the tips of the load is pulled. b. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between two tips which are covered by the tape, the tape is placed over at least one surface of the load, in particular in its central region. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that between two tips from the tape are covered, this along one edge of the load and over the edges of the surfaces adjacent to this edge the burden is placed. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tape has at least one surface placed under the load and between at least two corner areas of this area * by at least an intermediate corner region of the same surface are separated, is drawn along a diagonal of this surface. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized characterized in that the tape is laid over at least one face of the load and between all pairs of corner regions these areas, which are separated from each other by at least one intermediate corner area of the same area, is drawn along all diagonals of this surface, which may intersect. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 _9, characterized in that the tape is placed over at least one surface of the load and pulled between at least two edges of this surface. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 "characterized in that that the tape is placed over at least one face of the load and between one edge and one Corner area of this surface, which is preferably the edge opposite, is pulled. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 1O _9, characterized in that the tape is placed over all side or top surfaces of the load. 12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to H _8, characterized in that the tape is not placed over the lower bearing surface of the load, in particular not in its central zone, with the possible exception in the immediate vicinity of edges and corner areas of this lower surface. 13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12 “thereby characterized in that the tape covers the entirety of the surface of the side or top surfaces will. 14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized characterized in that the tape is laid over all or part of the edges of the load. 15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14 _0, characterized in that the tape does not have all or one Part of the edges of the load that are adjacent to the lower surface are being laid. 16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the load is constantly on its lower Surface rests on. 17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a stretchable at least in the longitudinal direction Tape is used. 18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized characterized in that a thermally contractible tape is used and the tape after it is over and around the Load is placed, is heated. 19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized characterized in that first one free end of the tape is at least temporarily fixed to the load, for example by gluing, soldering, clamping or by simple pressure, that then the other is firmly connected free end of the tape with the load and / or another area of the tape, preferably by gluing, soldering or terminals is connected. 20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized characterized in that an endless belt is used, that initially a first area of the belt used placed and held on the load, and that the other areas then used this one after the other Tape can be placed on the load and held. OO ο 0 : · ■: '3127Ü23 «Ο fa« ta, ■ α Λ « ο ι, a o ti oo ο * a 21. Load » characterized in that it (1) is held together or its cohesion is maintained by using the method according to one of claims T to 20. 22 load according to claim .21, characterized in that the corner areas (C) _5, where appropriate, the edges (A) adjacent edges aer lower support surface (Fq) ₈ are free access ig for a possible application of the tape (3). 23. Load according to claim 21 or 22 _8, characterized in that it rests on a pallet (2) or the like with its lower bottom surface (F). 24. Load according to one of claims 21 to 23 _S, characterized in that the belt (3) is uninterrupted. 25. Load according to one of claims 21 to 23 _8, characterized in that the band (3) is perforated, preferably provided with perforations, the tips (S) of the load (1) optionally in the perforations 1iegen. - End of claims -