DE31263C - Innovation in the construction of floors - Google Patents

Innovation in the construction of floors

Info

Publication number
DE31263C
DE31263C DENDAT31263D DE31263DA DE31263C DE 31263 C DE31263 C DE 31263C DE NDAT31263 D DENDAT31263 D DE NDAT31263D DE 31263D A DE31263D A DE 31263DA DE 31263 C DE31263 C DE 31263C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
beams
asphalt
bearings
wood
iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DENDAT31263D
Other languages
German (de)
Original Assignee
H. KLETTE in Zwickau
Publication of DE31263C publication Critical patent/DE31263C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E04C2003/0417Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts demountable
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0421Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section comprising one single unitary part
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0434Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the open cross-section free of enclosed cavities
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0452H- or I-shaped
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0473U- or C-shaped

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

KLASSE 37: Hochbauwesen.CLASS 37: Building construction.

Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 23. September 1884 ab.Patented in the German Empire on September 23, 1884.

Bei Füfsböden, welche unmittelbar auf dem Erdboden aufliegen, werden zu den Lagern einfache, mit der hohlen Seite nach oben gekehrte Belageisen oder andere entsprechende Profileisen benutzt, wie dies die Fig. 1 und 2 der beiliegenden Zeichnung darstellen. In diese Eisenschienen α wird heifsflüssiger Asphalt b gegossen und darin das Holz c eingeprefst. Der Asphalt kann dabei rein sein oder mit Substanzen, wie Sägespäne, Sand etc., gemischt. Zur Herstellung von Deckenbalken ist es in der Regel erforderlich, zwei Belageisen a a1 oder andere dergleichen Hohlschienen in der Weise zu verbinden, wie dies die Fig. 3 und 4 zeigen. Die obere Schiene α dient dann, wie im ersten Falle das einfache Belageisen, zur Aufnahme des Asphalts und des Holzes. Die auf solche Weise hergestellten Balken sind verhältnifsmäfsig sicher gegen Feuersgefahr; das Holz, welches nur in dünnen und kurzen Stücken Verwendung findet, läfst sich leicht in vollständig trockenem und gesundem Zustande beschaffen und ist gegen Zerstörung durch Schwamm geschützt.In the case of floors that lie directly on the ground, simple cover irons with the hollow side facing upwards or other corresponding profile irons are used for the bearings, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings. Hot liquid asphalt b is poured into these iron rails α and the wood c is pressed into them. The asphalt can be pure or mixed with substances such as sawdust, sand, etc. To produce ceiling beams, it is usually necessary to connect two covering irons aa 1 or other similar hollow rails in the manner shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The upper rail α then serves, as in the first case the simple covering iron, to hold the asphalt and the wood. The beams made in this way are relatively safe against the risk of fire; the wood, which is only used in thin and short pieces, can easily be procured in a completely dry and healthy condition and is protected against destruction by a sponge.

Um ferner diejenigen Uebelstände zu beseitigen, "welche aus der unmittelbaren Ueberdeckung des Erdbodens bezw. des Füllmateriales bei Zwischendecken mittelst der Fufsbodendielen hervorgehen, bringe ich zwischen den Lagern auf den Erdboden, sowie zwischen den Balken auf das Füllmaterial eine Schicht d aus Asphalt, Asphaltfilz, Holzcement oder andere für Luft und Wasser undurchlässige Materialien, und zwar so, dafs sich diese Schicht an die Asphaltbettung b der Hölzer in den Lagern bezw. Balken fest anschliefst und sich mit derselben verbindet. Auf diese Weise wird das Aufsteigen von schädlichen Dünsten aus dem Erdreiche wie dem Füllmaterial (welches letztere selbst als Träger von Krankheitsstoffen angesehen wird) in die Wohnräume verhindert, und es wird auch hier ein wirksamer Schutz gegen die Bildung von Schwamm geschaffen.Furthermore, in order to eliminate those inconveniences "which result from the direct covering of the ground or the filling material in the case of false ceilings by means of the floor boards, I put a layer d of asphalt, asphalt felt on the ground between the bearings and on the filling material between the beams, Wood cement or other materials impermeable to air and water, in such a way that this layer adheres firmly to the asphalt bedding b of the timbers in the bearings or beams and connects with them how the filling material (which the latter is regarded as a carrier of pathogenic substances) prevents it from entering the living space, and here, too, an effective protection against the formation of sponge is created.

Die Construction der Deckenbalken unter Anwendung von zwei Belageisen oder anderen ähnlichen Profileisen gewährt noch den Vortheil, dafs sich bei derselben in bequemer Weise Fehlböden aus Holz, sowie Decken aus Wellblech, Holz oder Stein anbringen lassen. Für hölzerne Fehlböden e, Fig. 4, oder Decken aus geradem Wellblech f werden die Belageisen am zweckmäfsigsten unter Einfügung von Zwischenstücken g mit einander vernietet, so dafs ein freier Raum zwischen den Eisenschienen zur Einfügung des Bodens e oder Bleches f verbleibt. Bei Gewölben h oder Decken aus gewölbtem Wellblech verwendet man am besten Balken, aus trapezförmigen Eisenschienen hergestellt. Bei k, Fig. 4, ist noch angegeben, wie sich die Schalung einer Stuckdecke an dem Balken befestigen läfst. Die Schalbretter sind hier an eine Latte / genagelt gedacht, welche von den nach Fig. 3 an a1 festgenieteten Platten m getragen wird.The construction of the ceiling beams with the use of two covering irons or other similar profile irons affords the advantage that false floors made of wood, as well as ceilings made of corrugated iron, wood or stone, can be conveniently attached to them. For wooden false floors e, Fig. 4, or ceilings made of straight corrugated iron f , the covering irons are most expediently riveted to one another with the insertion of intermediate pieces g , so that a free space remains between the iron rails for the insertion of the floor e or sheet metal f. For vaults h or ceilings made of curved corrugated iron, it is best to use beams made of trapezoidal iron rails. At k, Fig. 4, it is also indicated how the formwork of a stucco ceiling can be attached to the beam. The shuttering boards are intended to be nailed to a lath, which is supported by the plates m riveted to a 1 according to FIG. 3.

Die zu den Deckenbalken zu verwendenden Eisenträger lassen sich auf verschiedene Weise aus zwei oder mehreren Stücken zusammensetzen, wie in den Fig. 5 bis 8 dargestellt ist. So besteht der Träger, Fig. 5, aus zwei seitwärts an einander genieteten Schienen von solcher Form, dafs sie sich leicht walzen lassenThe iron girders to be used for the ceiling beams can be changed in different ways Assemble from two or more pieces, as shown in Figs. The carrier, FIG. 5, consists of two rails riveted to one another sideways Such a shape that they can be easily rolled

Claims (2)

und in ihrer Vereinigung eine grofse Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Durchbiegung besitzen und sowohl oben wie unten eine Rinne bilden. Auch bieten die Träger dieser Form ein bequemes Widerlager für Gewölbe. Sollen dieselben für Decken mit Zwischenboden benutzt werden, so lassen sich die Schienen leicht mit einer Rippe zur Auflagerung der bezüglichen Bretter walzen, wie Fig. 6 zeigt. In den Fig. 7 und 8 sind noch zwei Anordnungen zusammengesetzter Träger angegeben, bei denen sich eine Rinne nur am Kopfe befindet. Fig. 9 endlich zeigt im Profil den eisernen Bestandtheil eines Lagers, welcher aus drei Schienen zusammengenietet ist. Diese Beispiele sind übrigens nur angegeben worden, um darzuthun, dafs die zu den Balken und Lagern zu benutzenden eisernen Träger bezw. Unterlagen sich in verschiedener Weise zusammensetzen lassen, und soll die Art der Zusammensetzung einen Gegenstand des Patentes nicht bilden. Patent-A νSPROche:and in their union they have a great resistance to bending, and form a groove both above and below. The beams of this shape also provide a convenient abutment for vaults. If the same are to be used for ceilings with a false floor, the rails can easily be rolled with a rib to support the boards in question, as shown in FIG. 6. In FIGS. 7 and 8, two arrangements of composite carriers are indicated in which a channel is only at the head. Fig. 9 finally shows in profile the iron component of a bearing, which is riveted together from three rails. Incidentally, these examples have only been given to show that the iron girders or brackets to be used for the beams and bearings. Documents can be put together in various ways, and the type of composition is not intended to form an object of the patent. Patent-A νSPROche: 1. Bei Holzfufsböden die Herstellung der Lager und Balken aus einfachen oder zusammengesetzten eisernen Unterlagen bezw. Trägern, welche eine Rinne bilden, und aus Holzstücken, die auf einer Schicht Asphalt oder Asphaltgemisch in die Rinne eingebettet werden, so zwar, dafs die Fufsbodendielen sich auf den Holzstücken festnageln lassen.1. In the case of wooden floors, the production of the Bearings and beams from simple or composite iron supports or Girders forming a channel, and from pieces of wood placed on a layer of asphalt or asphalt mixture in the gutter are embedded in such a way that the floorboards are nailed to the pieces of wood permit. 2. In Verbindung mit der unter 1. charakterisirten Construction die Anwendung einer aus Asphalt, Asphaltfilz, Holzcement oder anderem geeigneten undurchlässigen Material bestehenden Schicht, welche den Erdboden oder das Füllmaterial zwischen den Lagern bezw. Balken deckt und sich an die Asphaltschicht der Lager oder Balken anschliefst. 2. In connection with the construction characterized under 1., the application of a made of asphalt, asphalt felt, wood cement or other suitable impermeable material existing layer covering the soil or filling material between the bearings respectively Beams and joins the asphalt layer of the bearings or beams. Hierzu ι Blatt Zeichnungen.For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.
DENDAT31263D Innovation in the construction of floors Expired - Lifetime DE31263C (en)

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Publication Number Publication Date
DE31263C true DE31263C (en)

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ID=307348

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19502174A1 (en) * 1995-01-25 1995-08-31 Wolfgang Taenzer Composite girders for construction of buildings etc.
CN110485054A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-11-22 东华大学 A kind of centre is without supporting movement overlength crossbeam bend preventing device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19502174A1 (en) * 1995-01-25 1995-08-31 Wolfgang Taenzer Composite girders for construction of buildings etc.
CN110485054A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-11-22 东华大学 A kind of centre is without supporting movement overlength crossbeam bend preventing device

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