DE3111683A1 - Explosion-proof and firedamp-proof luminaires - Google Patents

Abstract

The explosion-proof and firedamp-proof luminaires according to the invention are designed in such a way as to prevent the intrusion of explosive gas-air mixtures into the interior of the luminaire housing, and such that the surface temperatures of the luminaires are below the lowest ignition temperature. As a result, previous expensive measures for the avoidance of ignition temperatures such as, e.g., by means of special lamps or switches, mounts and ballasts etc. or heavy pressure-proof housings provided with precision fits are eliminated. Upon expiry of the lamp service life, a change of luminaire is undertaken instead of a change of lamp, and the old luminaires are handed back to the luminaire manufacturer in an exchange process. Fig. 1 of the patent drawing shows an appropriate example, Fig. 2 represents a variant in which the lamp and starter or ballast and condenser are respectively accommodated in separate gas-tight housings. In this case, the lamp housings can be exchanged without having to detach the luminaire connection. Figs. 3 and 4 show arrangements in the case of multi-lamp designs, Fig. 4 representing a ballast housing having a plurality of lamp housings. <IMAGE>

Description

Explosion and firedamp proof lights

The invention relates to explosion-proof or firedamp-proof lights, whose explosion protection is based on the fact that all of them endanger explosion protection Devices are housed in gas-tight enclosures.

In the known lights of this type, it is assumed that explosive gas-air mixtures can penetrate the luminaires. To ignite To prevent the same, various precautions are taken. Either have to all devices within the luminaires must be designed in such a way that the emanating from them Temperatures below a safety limit for the ignition temperature of the gas-air mixture and sparks that occur during operation are in flameproof rooms take place, this requires special fluorescent lamps, e.g. in the case of luminaires for fluorescent lamps with single-pin base, plus the corresponding special sockets, particularly expensive explosion-proof Ballasts and capacitors and also a switching mechanism that when the light is opened, all electrical devices or the entire light are switched off must be designed in a flameproof enclosure, which means that the luminaire housing, which encloses the lanpen area and the electrical devices, made so stable it must be that explosions occurring inside the lamp do not destroy it and the gases flowing out can be cooled down to the extent that they affect the surrounding gas-air mixture do not ignite.

In order to meet these conditions, expensive high-quality materials are required required, time-consuming processing of the fitting opening feet and also a switching mechanism, that when the lamp is opened Shutdown of all electrical devices must guarantee.

There are also explosion-proof and firedamp-proof lights according to the types of protection "external ventilation" or pressurized enclosure ", i.e. that the housing These luminaires are subjected to a pre-purge using, for example, pure air before they are switched on in order to displace any existing explosive gases and during operation constant purging with an ignition protection gas must take place. These protective measures require complex pipelines with blower devices and upstream Time relay outside the danger zone.

According to the invention, this whole effort is superfluous that absolutely gas-tight enclosures the explosive mixtures from the electrical devices keep away and thus normal commercial lamps and devices can be used. The gas-tight closure of the housing in connection with the corresponding impact resistance also allows the use of sodium vapor lamps in potentially explosive atmospheres for the first time Areas.

An absolutely gas-tight conclusion without extensive monitoring measures is guaranteed if the housing is tightly welded after all parts have been installed or are glued.

By eliminating all the complex explosion protection measures known up to now the lights can be manufactured so cheaply that, in conjunction with today's well-known long-life light sources, instead of changing the lamp, replacing it the whole luminaire or the lamp housing is justified. By a replacement procedure for defective lights or lamp housings by the factory repaired, the price advantage can be further increased.

Another not insignificant advantage is the universal application with gas-air mixtures of all ignition temperature ranges, since the surface temperature the lights can generally be kept so low that the lowest ignition temperature is fallen below. There is also the question of single or multi-lamp luminaires No longer because the single-lamp luminaires for fluorescent lamps in any Number, combined to form a luminaire package, can be arranged next to each other can. This standardization in turn has a more economical production Episode.

Figures 1 - 8 show some exemplary embodiments: Figure 1 shows a luminaire according to the invention for two-pin base fluorescent lamps, the length of which depends on the respective power of the fluorescent lamp. The fluorescent lamp (1) with sockets (2 and 25, starter base (3) with starter (4), ballast (5) and Capacitors (6) are arranged one behind the other in a transparent one that is closed on one side Tube (7) inserted and by means of a terminating part (8), which at the same time the line bushings (9) and the connection space (10) forms through weld or glue the butt joint (11) enclosed in a gas-tight manner.

Pipe clamps (12 and 12 ') are used for fastening and are not attached to any fixed suspension distances.

Section 2 shows an example of a lamp with one each gastight Lamp housing (13) with starter (4) and an 8Sdicl-lton G <'housing (14) with the Upstream device (5) and capacitor (6). The electrical connection between the two housings takes place via couplings (15). This version has the advantage that after the end the lamp life, the lamp housing 613) can be replaced without the To have to solve luminaire connection. In the case of luminaires for fluorescent lamps, the Pipe cross-section can be kept much smaller.

Fig.3 shows an arrangement of several such lights (16) according to Fig.1, combined to form a luminaire package, with the luminaires connected in parallel are.

Fig.4 shows a combination of several lamp housings (13) into one Luminaire package with a common housing (17) for the ballasts and capacitors.

Fig.5 shows an embodiment of a hanging lamp for low-voltage halogen lamps (18) and built-in transformer (19), with terminating part (8), cable bushings (9), connection space (10) and welded or glued butt joint (11). An additional Shielding (20) is used for thermal insulation. A reflector (21) closes the shield downwards. This embodiment can also be used for high pressure mercury vapor or use halogen lethal vapor lamps.

Fig.6 represents a version of Fig.5 without a transformer or ballast represent.

Fig.7 shows a lamp housing (22) for rod-shaped floodlight halogen lamps (23) with two end parts (8 and 8 ') and each with a cable entry (9 and 9'). A reflector (24) serves both to direct the light and to shield the temperature.

Claims (12)

Claims 0 Explosion-proof or firedamp-proof lights, D a d u r c h e k e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that that which encloses all electrical devices Luminaire housing (7) with the exception of the connection space (10) sealed in a gas-tight manner is. 2) Explosion-proof or firedamp-proof lights according to claim 1 d a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the lamp compartment (13) is a separate one Gas-tight housing is and the rest, for operating the light source (1) required electrical devices in a second gas-tight housing (14) are housed. 3) Explosion-proof or firedamp-proof lights according to claim 1 and 2 d a d u r c h e k e n n z -e i c h -n e t that the gas-tight housing (7, 13 and 14) are closed by closing parts (8). 4) Explosion-proof or firedamp-proof lights according to claim 1 to 3 d a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h -n e t that the gas-tight seal takes place by welding or gluing. 5) Explosion-proof or firedamp-proof lights according to claim 1 to 3 d a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n et, d a ß for the electrical connection Guide gas-tight cable bushings (9) into the housing. 6) Explosion-proof or firedamp-proof lights according to claim 3 d a d u r c h e k e n n n n z e i c h n e t that the final parts (8) are designed as connection spaces (10). 7) Explosion or flameproof 1 lights according to claim 5 D a d u r g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the cable bushings (9) are made of material and positively pressed, cast or melted into the end parts (8) are. 8) Explosion-proof or firedamp-proof lights according to claim 1 and 2 d a d u r c h g e k e m n z e i c h -n e t that the housing (7, 13 and 14) consist of glass and / or plastic. 9) Explosion ~ or flameproof lights according to claim 2 and 3 d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h -n e t that the device housing (14) and end parts (8) made of plastic or Idletall. 10) Explosion or weatherproof lights according to claim 1 and 2 d a d u r c h g e k e.n n z e i c h -n e t that the housing (7,13,14 and 22) are under overpressure. 11) Explosion or flameproof lights according to claim 1 and 2 d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h -n e t that the housing seal at normal atmospheric pressure. 12) Explosion-proof or firedamp-proof lights according to claim 1 and 2 d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h -n e t that the electrical connections between the lamp housings (13,22) and the housings (14) with the electrical devices or the terminal compartment (10) by means of explosion-proof electrical couplings (15) he follows.