DE3104241A1 - PRESSURE-OPERATED SWIVEL MOTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A pressure-actuated swing motor (10), more particularly for driving a swing door which is connected by swing arms to a rotating column, having a cylinder (12), an axially displaceable piston (56) therein and a drive shaft (16) which is axially fixed and mounted in a rotatable manner at the front of the cylinder and has at least two curved paths (60, 66) running in a screw-shaped line on a section of the cylinder housing, into which the guide projections (64, 68) connected to the piston engage, characterised in that the bearing (40, 18) of the drive shaft (16, 46) of the swing motor (10) for the mounting of the swing motor (10) and the rotating column (154) consisting of one part which is connected in a rigid manner to the drive shaft (16, 46) and the swing door (160) are positioned such that the lower face (112) of the swing motor housing (12, 34) has fixing holes arranged symetrically to the axis of rotation for introducing one of the intermediate parts (42) connecting the swing motor (10) to the bodywork (162) of the vehicle in at least four different adjustable positions and that spill valves (118) which are selectively interchangeable for standard compressed air supply devices are arranged on the housing (112), whose supply devices (126) are positioned in a mirror-inverted fashion on facing sides.

Description

Dr. Hans-Herbert Stoffregen Hanau

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ECKATlT GmbH & Co. KG
At the knee 2

6490 Schlüchtern 11 - Wallroth

Hanau, February 3, 1981 sto-es 11 721

Pressure fluid operated swivel motor

The invention relates to a swivel motor actuated by pressure medium, in particular for driving a swivel arm via swivel arms with a pivot door leaf connected to a rotating column, with a cylinder, a piston axially displaceable therein and rr.it an axially fixed output shaft rotatably mounted in the cylinder on the front side, which is mounted on a cylinder jacket section has at least two helically extending cam tracks into the guide projections connected to the piston intervention.

Such a swivel motor is already known (DE-OS 25 38 529). This swivel motor is through a corresponding training of the cam tracks in at least one end position of the piston a self-locking present. Therefore, if the supply of pressure medium is interrupted, the piston cannot be moved out of its end position.

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In this swivel motor, self-locking is generated by cam tracks, the ends of which run parallel to the piston axis. It is therefore not necessary to keep the swivel motor in the end position characterized by self-locking Supply pressure medium. If the swivel motor is used, for example, as a door drive in vehicles, stay the doors closed even when driving fast, in which the resulting negative pressure exerts a force on the doors is exercised in the direction of the open position. The doors can only be opened again when the 'slewing motor is moved by the supply of the pressure medium from its position characterized by self-locking.

The invention is based on the object of further developing a swivel motor of the type mentioned above in such a way that that it is universal for different vehicle distances arranged and different directions of rotation having pivot door flightsi can be used, a large torque generated with small radial dimensions and easily attached to the rotary column in its axial direction ~. can be attached.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that the bearings of the output shaft of the swivel motor for the holder of the swivel motor including the rigidly connected to the output shaft, consisting of one piece rotating column and the swing door leaf are designed that the

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Lower end face of the swivel motor housing symmetrically arranged to the axis of rotation for attachment one the swivel motor with the vehicle body in at least four differently adjustable positions having connecting intermediate piece and that on the housing against compressed air standard connections optionally interchangeable overflow valves are arranged, the pressure connections of which are mirror images of one another on facing sides lie.

In this design, the swivel motor can be connected to the rotating column to form an integral unit. Included the swivel motor forms the continuation of the rotating column. This unit is very stable. The lower storage of this The unit is taken over by the bearings of the swivel motor shaft. This allows a bearing for the rotating column save on. In contrast to the bearings previously arranged at the lower end of the respective rotating column, the bearings are in the Inside the swivel motor not exposed to contamination. The bearings can be designed to be maintenance-free. the Unit can be removed quickly and easily for maintenance or repair purposes.! The time to install new ones Seals is therefore short. Furthermore, the unit can be manufactured inexpensively. The space required by the unit is small amount. It is therefore possible to install other parts in the vicinity of the rotating column. For example, lights, cable ducts etc. mounted close to the rotating column or in its

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Relocated nearby. Due to the identical design of the unit for attached to vehicles on different sides Swing door leaves result in larger quantities in the production. This allows a cheaper achieve.

In a preferred embodiment, there is the intermediate piece consisting of two support plates running at right angles to each other, each connected to one another at one edge and have mounting holes. The screwing points are easily accessible in this embodiment. For the No special tools are required to attach the swivel motor to the body. It is also advantageous here that the space required for the upper bearing of the rotating column is low. Furthermore, the upper bearing can be simple Way to be attached to the bodywork with common tools. The one consisting of the swivel motor and the rotating column Unit can therefore be installed inexpensively.

An expedient embodiment is that a with Shaft section provided with the helical cam tracks has a slightly larger diameter than the output shaft of the swivel motor. With this measure results a swivel motor with small radial dimensions.

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The cam tracks for generating different torques and speeds of rotation preferably run Rotary column in the axial direction of the shaft section with different slopes. By attaching such Curved paths with different gradients, in which a smooth transition is achieved through gradual transitions, a desired movement of the swing door leaf can be optimally specified. Via a corresponding curve progression it is possible to actuate the swing door leaf with a short delay, then a strong acceleration and then then achieve a movement at a relatively high speed, until shortly before the end position there is a strong deceleration and a slow transition to the end position can be triggered.

In another preferred embodiment it is provided that by the different course of the slopes the cam tracks an increased closing force of the swing door leaf can be generated.

The rotating column connected to the output shaft in a rigid manner preferably consists of a piece of tube.

Another preferred embodiment consists in that a shaft section of the output shaft from a housing part is surrounded, on which a locking cylinder housing is attached radially, in which a pressure medium-actuated piston is displaceable is, the one in the locking position by spring force

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for the shaft section held bolt, the bolt both by pressurizing the piston al «can also be unlocked by a Bowden cable. The! VhwonkturflU.qel is generated by the actuation of the swivel motor held in the closed position with compressed air. If the compressed air supply fails, the swing door leaf may move do not open for security reasons. For the same reasons, the swivel door leaf must also be pressed against the force generated by the compressed air can be excluded. Beyond that, however, there must still be a possibility ensure that the swing door leaves are opened in an emergency can. With the arrangement explained above, these requirements can be met in a relatively simple manner.

In an expedient embodiment, the Bowden cable is positively connected to the emergency valve of a vehicle. When the emergency valve is turned, not only is the swivel motor depressurized, but also the swivel door leaf for opening Approved. Therefore, the swing door leaf can be pushed open by hand.

In a favorable embodiment, with a swivel motor whose cam tracks are in at least one end position of the Piston when the pressure medium supply is interrupted and when forces acting back on the piston via the output shaft cause a self-locking, provided that by

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a laterally arranged on the cylinder drive on the piston an axial force for movement at least from its Self-locking position can be exercised or the exercise can be initiated. With this arrangement, the self-locking position if necessary, be overcome without the supply of pressure medium.

In an emergency, the piston and the parts driven by it can therefore be moved out of their position without pressure medium. This is particularly important for objects such as vehicle doors that are locked without the supply of external energy should remain, but in an emergency · must also be opened without a power supply. By the above explained Measures open up new application possibilities for swivel motors.

A preferred embodiment is designed in such a way that the drive has a pinion which is manually rotated around an axis rotatable and pivotable about a further axis from rest positions into a fixed position in which the teeth of the pinion with teeth are in engagement, which in a row corresponding to the course of the cam tracks on the piston or on a carrier fixedly connected to the piston are arranged. The piston moves under the influence of the pressure medium Movements, then there is no engagement between the pinion and the teeth. This has several advantages. On the one hand no energy is required to overcome the friction between the pinion and the teeth and the pinion when there are changes to accelerate the speed of the piston

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or to decelerate, and on the other hand are the parts of the projection of the pinion accessible by hand during the movement of the piston in the rest position, so that no additional protection against contact is required. About that In addition, this arrangement is distinguished by a structurally simple structure and can therefore be manufactured inexpensively will.

In an advantageous embodiment it is provided that the pinion is mounted eccentrically on a rotatable disk is, on the edge of which a projection is arranged, which when the teeth of the pinion and piston engage in the direction of rotation of the pinion is pressed against a stop in the opposite direction. With this arrangement can be without major Effort to achieve the fixed position of the pinion while engaging the teeth on the piston. If the y.ahrui of the pinion and the piston in the course of the pivoting of the pinion are brought into engagement with one another about the further axis, is laid down during the subsequent rotation of the Pinion about its axis during the movement of the piston of the projection against the stop. After finishing the rotation of the pinion, the pressure between the projection and the stop disappears. The pinion can therefore be replaced by a simple Handle can be swiveled back into its rest position.

Preferably, a stop bolt is provided as a projection, which from one of the circular end faces of the The disc protrudes and presses against a ball at the stop.

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is bar, which is under a spring bias and is movable against this in a spherical cap. The teeth With this arrangement, the pinion can be easily latched into the teeth of the piston.

An advantageous embodiment is that the axis of rotation of the pinion and the axis of rotation of the disc with the Longitudinal axis of the stop bolt lie in or approximately in a plane which, when the pinion engages in the teeth of the Piston is perpendicular to the piston center axis. This measure allows the teeth of the pinion and piston engage quickly.

In a favorable embodiment, the distance between the axes of rotation of the pinion and the disk is about this as large as half the radius of the pulley, while the radii of the pinion and pulley are roughly the same size. This arrangement results in small dimensions in the radial direction. The radius of the pinion aligns itself according to the desired magnitude of the force to be applied by hand, with which both the piston and that of the piston driven parts are to be set in motion. The space required by the drive is mainly determined by its dimensions of the pinion determined, while the above-described formation of the disc only little additional space needed.

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In another preferred embodiment it is provided that the cam tracks as grooves in each case on the Outside of a section of the output shaft and of the piston with diverging with respect to the piston center axis Directional slopes are arranged that fastened in the grooves on the cylinder or on the piston Rollers run so that the teeth are on the outside of the hollow piston and that the pinion is in one on the cylinder fixed housing is arranged at a distance from the cylinder end, in which the teeth of the pinion with the in the a. End position of the hollow piston close to the piston face arranged teeth can be brought into engagement. The swivel motor with the laterally projecting housing for the drive can be constructed in such a way Train the structure as a compact, space-saving unit. If necessary, this unit can also be used by a Be exchanged for laypeople. The end of the cylinder from which the output shaft protrudes outwards is expediently provided with a flange which has a series of holes. In this case, the swivel motor can be be attached to a carrier or detached from it in a simple manner. With a door drive, this type the attachment has the advantage that not the entire door unit or the door axis with the levers in the event of a Repair of the swing motor must be removed. The gradients of the grooves determine the opening and closing speed the parts driven by the swivel motor.

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Therefore, a fast opening and closing speed in the middle swivel range can be achieved through appropriate gradient zones of the parts, for example the vehicle doors, can be reached while changing the slope creep speeds are caused shortly before the end positions of the parts.

Preferably, at least one frontal projection of the pinion protrudes with its end from the housing, the end as Attack point is designed for a tool. The pinion can therefore neither be pivoted nor rotated without an appropriate tool. Unintentional actuation is thus avoided. The tool can, for example, be located in an easily accessible place in vehicles.

In a further expedient embodiment that is The end of the projection of the pinion is designed as a square head.

Another preferred embodiment is that in addition to the disk, a second disk on the other side of the pinion is arranged and that the identically designed disks are rotatable in bores in the side walls of the housing are stored. The force exerted by springs on the piston is released in the event of a pressure medium failure or pressure medium shutdown picked up by the shaft. Forces that act on the piston from the parts driven by the swivel motor, are not converted into axial forces because of the self-locking.

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Further details, features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of several drawings illustrated embodiments.

Show it:

1 shows a swivel motor in longitudinal section,

Fig. 2 is a cross-section along lines 1-1 of the device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view of a drive shown in Fig. 1 on the swivel motor,

FIG. 4 shows a side view of the housing part for the drive shown in detail in FIG. 3,

5 shows the drive shown in FIG. 3 in a different position,

6 shows a side view of the housing part with the drive in the position shown in FIG. 5,

7 shows a longitudinal section through another embodiment of a swivel motor,

8 shows a schematic view of one with a rotating column, a door leaf and a vehicle body connected swivel motor,

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9 shows an overflow valve in cross section and
10 shows a standard connecting member in cross section.

A swivel motor contains a cylinder tube 12 as a housing, which on one end face 14 except for a bore for the Passage of a shaft 16 is closed. The shaft 16 is rotatably mounted in a roller bearing 18, which is by a Retaining ring 20 is fixed in the axial direction. In order to seal the interior 22 of the cylinder tube 12, the shaft is used 16 surrounded by a seal 24 on the end face 14. The cylinder tube 12 is close to the top and bottom with each a connection 26, 28 is provided for the application of compressed air.

The shaft 16 merges in the interior 22 into a shaft section 30, the diameter of which is only slightly larger than that of the Wave 16 is. Following the shaft section 30 is a shaft section 32 which is surrounded by a housing part 34 is, in which a locking cylinder housing 36 is integrated. The shaft section 32 is followed by a further shaft section 38, which serves as a seat for a roller bearing 40, the outer, unspecified ring in recesses of the Housing part 34 and an intermediate piece 42 is arranged, while the inner ring of the roller bearing 40 between the Paragraph of the shaft sections 32 and 38 and one unspecified. Circlip lies. The intermediate piece 42 is

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on the lower face of the swivel motor. 10 attached. A seal 44 is located between the shaft section 32 and the inside of the housing part 34. The shaft section 38 continues in a shaft end 46, which has a groove with a feather key 48.

A flange 92 is located at the end of the cylinder tube at the level of the cover 38.

Between the shaft section 30 and the inner wall of the cylinder tube 12, a hollow piston 50 is movably mounted. The hollow piston 50 surrounds the shaft section 30 on the cylinder jacket side and on the end face facing away from the shaft section 32 and has an unspecified one Hole through which the shaft 16 protrudes. In this bore a bearing bush 52 is used, which is a smooth The hollow piston 50 is guided in the axial direction of the shaft 16 enables. A shaft seal 54 is also inserted into the bore. In the cylindrical outer wall of the roller bearing 34 adjacent end of the hollow cylinder 50, a guide ring 56 is inserted. Next to the guide ring 56 is located a piston seal 58. In the cylindrical outer wall of the hollow piston 50 are two diametrically opposite, helically extending grooves 60 are arranged. These grooves 60 form curved paths.

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One support roller 62 each engages in one of the grooves 60. The support rollers 62 are mounted on shafts 64, which are fixed with the cylinder tube 12 are connected. The distance between the support rollers 62, which are arranged along the same central axis, from Rolling bearing 34, which forms an end-face closure of the cylinder interior, is slightly smaller than the axial length of the hollow piston 50. The central axis of the support rollers 62 intersects the longitudinal axis of the hollow piston 50 under a right angle. The cylindrical jacket surfaces of the support rollers 62 face the side walls of the grooves 60.

In the cylindrical outside of the shaft section 30 grooves 66 are arranged, which also have a helical shape Have course. The grooves 66 are located at diametrically opposite locations. The slopes of the two types of grooves 60 and 66 are different. If the grooves 60 have a right-hand course, the course of the grooves 66 is left-handed. Support rollers 68, which are rotatably mounted on bolts 70, protrude into the grooves 66 are. The support rollers 68 are arranged along the same central axis as the longitudinal axis of the hollow piston 50 cuts at a right angle. The bolts 70 are rigidly connected to the hollow piston 50 and protrude radially into the Inside of the grooves 66. The hollow piston 50 carries the bolts. 70 together with support rollers 68 close to its one end, which is the Rolling bearing 34 is facing.

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When compressed air enters the cylinder tube 12 via the connection 28, the hollow piston 50 moves along the shaft section 30 and along the shaft 16 against the end face 14. Because of the helical grooves 60 and in this protruding support rollers 62, the hollow piston 50 executes a rotary movement at the same time during its axial movement. This rotary movement is transmitted to the shaft section 30 by the support rollers 68. During the axial displacement of the hollow piston 50, the support rollers 68 run in the grooves 66 and thereby increase the rotational movement of the shaft section 30, via which the shaft 16, the sections 32 and 36 and the end 46 are also set in rotation. the Parts 16, 30, 32, 36, 46, which are made from one piece, are therefore referred to as output shafts.

The rotational movement of the output shaft is ended when the hollow piston 50 has reached its end position at the front end 14. When the inside of the cylinder is vented via connection 28 and when compressed air is applied to connection 26, it is reversed both the movement 'of the hollow piston 50 and the output shaft around.

Ea it is assumed that the swing motor 10 is a swing door leaf should be driven. The door leaf is connected to pivot bearings via swing arms. At least one The swing arm engages the shaft end 46 via a coupling (not shown).

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The desired opening and closing speed of the door leaf is achieved by corresponding gradients of the grooves 60 and 66. The slopes are chosen so that the Door leaf is accelerated to a maximum speed when opening and then slowly into its Passes open position. Closing is followed by a phase of rapid increase in speed up to a .Maximalwert a phase of the slow transition into the closed position. The slow transition into the opening and The closed position is achieved with grooves 60 and 66, the ends of which are increasingly parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder tube 12 approach. In the two end positions of the hollow piston 50, one of which is the opening and the other is assigned to the closed position of the door leaf, occurs due to the parallel to the axis of the cylinder 12 running grooves 60, 66 a self-locking, i.e. if the compressed air fails or is switched off, the Hollow piston 50 also then in its end position when from the outside over the shaft end 46 and the shaft sections 36, 32 and 30 a torque acts on him. The door leaf is self-locking if the compressed air fails or is switched off secured against opening or closing. This is particularly important in the case of the closed door leaf. During the journey, pressure differences arise between the interior, mainly at higher speeds and the external environment by which a force is exerted on the door leaf in the direction of the open position. the Self-locking prevents the door leaf from opening despite this force.

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In an emergency, even without compressed air, for example after stopping the vehicle, the door leaf can be opened using the swivel motor To be able to open, a manually operable drive 72 is attached to the side of the cylinder tube 12 with which on the. Hollow piston 50 an axial force can be exerted. Under the influence of the axial force, the Hollow piston 50 at least from its end position characterized by self-locking. But it is also possible through prolonged actuation of the drive to move the hollow piston 50 from one end position to the other, for example the connected door leaf opens completely.

The drive 72 is composed of a pinion 74 and a disk 76 connected to it. The pinion 74 is rotatably mounted on the disk 76 about an eccentric axis 78. The disk 76 can rotate about a further axis 80 be pivoted within an angular range that is less than one revolution. Pinion 74 and washer 76 are located in a housing 82 which is arranged laterally on the cylinder tube 12 and which is located on its, the cylinder tube 12 remote side is closed by a cover 84.

The pinion 74 and the disc 76 can be brought from rest positions by pivoting into a fixed end position in which the teeth of the pinion 74 mesh with teeth 86 on the hollow piston 50. The teeth 86 are longitudinal in a row arranged on a curved path, the course of which corresponds to the curvature of the helical grooves 60.

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The edge of the disk 76 is provided with a projection designed as a stop bolt 88. The stop bolt 88 protrudes vertically outward from one end face of the disk 76. When pivoting the disk 76 as well Pinion 74 ′ is the stop pin 88 against a stop 90 arranged in the interior of the housing 82 close to the cover 84 pressable. The stop 90 contains a ball, not shown, which is spring preloaded and pressed against it of the stop bolt 88 can be pressed against the spring force into a spherical cap, not shown.

Pinion 74, disc 76 and stop pin 88 are arranged in relation to one another in such a way that the axes of rotation 78, 80 of the pinion 74 and washer 76 with the longitudinal axis of the stop bolt 88 lie in a plane which, when the teeth of the The pinion 74 in the teeth 86 of the hollow piston 50 is perpendicular to its central axis. In this position of the plane the Stop pin 88 pressed against stop 90. The distance between the axes of rotation 78, 80 of the pinion 74 and the α disk 76 is approximately as large as half the radius of disk 76, while the radii of pinion 74 and disk 76 roughly match. As a result, the space required by the drive 72 in the radial direction of the disk 76 and pinion 74 low. The distance of the drive 72 from the flange 92 on the housing part 34 is chosen so that in one end position of the Raised piston 50, in which the end face rests on the roller bearing 34, the teeth of the pinion 74 in engagement with the Teeth 86 of the hollow piston 50 can be brought close to the edge of the hollow piston face facing away from the roller bearing 34 lie.

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The pinion 74 contains a frontal projection 94, the end of which protrudes from the housing 82. The end of the Projection 94 is designed as a square head. In addition to the disk 76, on the other end face of the pinion 74 an identically designed disc 96 can be attached. The two disks 76 and 96 are in holes 98 of the side Walls 100 of the housing 82 are rotatably mounted.

Fi ine rest position of the drive 72, in which no contact exists between pinion 74 and piston 50 is shown in FIGS. The hollow piston 50 can in this rest position of the drive 72 can be moved back and forth unhindered in the cylinder 12 by means of compressed air. Should be in the event of a compressed air failure the hollow piston 50 must be removed from its end position characterized by self-locking, then a Square wrench can be placed on the projection 94. When the square wrench is turned in the position shown in FIG. 6 with 102 In the direction indicated, the teeth of the pinion 74 come into engagement with the teeth 86 of the hollow piston 50 .! he stop bolt 88 against the arrangement explained above the ball is pressed against the stop 90. The spring preload of the ball. ensures that the latching, i.e. the phase between the first contact of the teeth of pinion 74 and piston 50 until the precise engagement is established is traversed with an approximately continuous application of force.

Eckart

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In the position of the pinion 74 and the disks 76, 96 shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the teeth are located of pinion 74 and hollow piston 50 in the most favorable position for the transmission of the axial force. By rotating the With a square wrench around the axis 78, the pinion 74 executes the rotary movement designated by 104 in FIG. 3. It will the hollow piston is displaced in the direction indicated by 106 in FIG. 3. At the same time is on the disc 76 a Force transmitted, which acts in the direction indicated by 108 in FIG. 3, and the bolt 88 against the stop 90 presses. The pinion 74 and the disks 76, 96 are thereby fixed in their position until the rotation of the Pinion 74 is finished. The pinion 74 can be rotated until the hollow piston 50 is self-locking characterized end position is removed or has arrived in its other end position.

The engagement between the teeth of the pinion 74 and the teeth 86 of the hollow piston 50 can be released by the Pinion 74 is rotated counter to direction 104 by means of the square key in the position shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 will. In the process, the pinion 74, along with the disks 76 and 96, is displaced somewhat in the direction of that shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 shown rest position. By subsequently pivoting the pinion 74 and the disks 76 and 96 about the axis 80 these can be brought to the rest position.

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The swivel motor IO shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 can build up as a compact, slim unit due to the design described, which takes up little space can generate larger torques. This unit can also be used by laypeople for repair or maintenance purposes without difficulty be replaced. To solve the swivel motor 10 from the carrier only the screws have to be in the Bores 48 removed and the coupling at the shaft end 46 separated. An exchange of the entire door leaf or parts of the door leaf is not necessary.

The pinion 74 and the disks 76 and 96 can be arranged in two different positions in the housing 82. In the first Position protrudes the projection 94 from the wall 100 to the outside. In the other position, the pinion 74 and the disks are 76 and 96 mounted rotated by 180 ° in the housing 82, the projection 94 on the opposite housing wall after protrudes outside. This makes it possible to achieve the desired accessibility from the one with just a single drive type 72 or the other side. This means a simplification of storage.

It is also possible to provide a separate manual control for the disks 76 and 96. This can be done by a over the side walls of the housing 82 projecting part of the disc 76 or 96 take place, the circumference of which is knurled is. The disks 76 and 96 together with the pinion 74 can be moved into the engaged position by means of the knurled part Bring between pinion 74 and hollow piston 50.

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As already explained above, the diameter of the shaft section is 30 somewhat larger than the diameter of the shaft 16. This results in a design of the slewing motor 10, which has a small outer diameter. This makes it easier to arrange swivel motors in a row with the rotating columns of swing doors.

** »> The roller bearing 40 is dimensioned in such a way that it meets the requirements of the withstands the stresses caused by the respective rotating column and the door leaf.

The intermediate piece 42 consists of two below, one on the right Angle of mutually extending support plates 108, 110. The support plate 108 is on the end face 112 of the housing part 34 attached, while the support plate 110 can be connected to a support element of the respective vehicle. The support plate 110 has elongated holes 114 into which fastening screws are inserted. The support plates 108, 110 are each square. That

Housing part 34 goes to restrain his, the intermediate piece 48

turned end into a square flange 92, the four, symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 16 and the Has shaft sections 32, 38 and 46 arranged bores, which are not shown in detail. In these holes screws 116 are used, which are screwed into threaded holes in the support plate 108. The holes and

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the screws 116 are located close to the corners of the flange 92. Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the bores in the flange 92, the intermediate piece 48 can be screwed onto the flange 92 in four different positions. The support plate 110 assumes a different position in each case. The four selectively adjustable positions of the support plate 110 corresponding to the sides of a square whose edge length with the length of up *** ■ 'platter 108 matches.

The platen 108 is slightly longer than on one side the flange 92. This is the side from which the support plate 110 is angled downwards. Therefore, the outside of the platen 110 is located away from the edge of the flange 92, which is the outer limit of the swing motor 10 on three sides forms. On the fourth side, the flange 92 projects beyond the locking cylinder housing 36 in the horizontal direction. If necessary, the support plate 108 can be made so long be that also on the fourth side, the outside of the support plate 110 in front of the outer end of the locking cylinder housing 36 lies.

By aligning the intermediate piece 42 with the corresponding stop device of the vehicle, the Swing motor · 10 can be used for swing doors with rotating columns to the left or right of the door opening. aside from that can the outside of the support plate 110, depending on the stop surface on the vehicle, parallel to the door entry or attach perpendicular to it.

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The connections 26, 28 are each connected to overflow valves 118, the response pressure of which can be adjusted. For the setting of the response pressure are provided on the overflow valves 118 screws 120. The overflow valves IIS essentially have a cuboid outer shape. They are 'each screwed on a flat side to a projection 122 surrounding the connection openings 26, 28. Furthermore, the overflow valves 118 are each provided with throttle screws 124. The overflow valves are used to Damping of the hinged doors.

This additional end position cushioning is required when the fastest opening and / or closing times are required will. Conventionally known attenuations can do this no longer meet, because the damping volume that is built up from normal atmospheric pressure is not sufficient. However, overpressure air can be used with the relief valves. With the pen, the crowd can the overpressure volume can be selected, which is required for an optimal damping process. The adjustable Throttle screws ensure fine adjustment shortly before the end stop of the doors.

9 shows in cross section an overflow valve 118, whose connection opening 126 opens into a narrow side. The screws are located next to the connection opening 126 120 for setting the contact pressure. The screws 120 have an unspecified cylindrical cavity on, in which a spring 128 is arranged, which is supported on a piston 130 which is displaceable in a cylinder is. The presses under the influence of the spring preload

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Piston 130 forms a seal 132 against a channel 134 which is connected to a cylinder 136 in which the throttle screw is located 125 is located. The throttle screw 125 contains a spherical end 136, the position of which is in an opening 140 the air passage cross-section between the to 'the connection opening 26 or 28 connected channel 142 and the channel 144 extending to the connection opening 126 forms.

The overflow valves 118 are attached to the connections 26, 28 ani. ', Ebrncht that their connection openings face one another ; Ltni. Since the overflow valves have their greatest expansion in parallel have to the axis of the cylinder tube, they take up little additional space in the radial direction. The compact one The design of the swivel motor 10 is therefore also retained in connection with the overflow valves 118.

Depending on the use of the swing motor 10 in a swing door leaf with a left or right of the door opening If the rotating column is present, it may be necessary to swap the connection lines to the overflow valves 118. this i £ -, t easily possible due to the facing connection openings 126.

Fine edge layer drying of the swing door leaves is not in necessary in all cases. With the end position damping, the kinetic energy of the swing door leaf shortly before it hits the door frame can be reduced to high loads to prevent the door frame and swing door leaf when braking the swing door leaf. A dampening of the Swing door leaf can, however, also be replaced by an elastic Reach the seal attached to the door frame.

SCKART (11 721)

If the overflow valves 118 are omitted, the connections 26 and 28 each screwed on standard connecting links 146, one of which is shown in FIG. Like the overflow valves, the "orm connecting elements 113 zv / ei bores 148, which in screws 150 for Fastening to the cylinder 12 are used.

The top. The end of the shaft 16 is attached to the lower end 152 of a rotating column 154. The rotating column 154 is around a tube into which the shaft 16 is inserted to create a rigid connection. At the top of the A pivot arm 156 is attached to the rotating column 154. On the upper pivot arm 156 and on a lower pivot arm 158 is a Door leaf 160 hung. The lower pivot arm 158 is connected to the shaft end "46, as can be seen from FIG. 8 is. The swivel motor 10 is connected to the body 162 of a not shown in detail via the intermediate piece 48 Connected to the vehicle. The support plate is attached to a wall section with screws (not shown in detail) the body 13 screwed. Compressed air lines 164 run to the overflow valves 118, which are connected to an im Compressed air generator arranged inside the body 13 in Connected.

The pivot door wing 160 is over the continuously adjacent Compressed air of the cylinder 12 is kept closed. For safety reasons, the swing door leaf must in the event of a compressed air failure stay closed. For this purpose, self-locking is provided through a corresponding design of the grooves 60, 66. Even if there is no self-locking over a specific groove course, the Do not allow the swing door leaf 160 to open in the event of a compressed air failure or by pressing against the force of the compressed air.

KCKART: (11 721)

38 -

However, it must be ensured that the pivot door wing 160 can still be opened in an emergency. These Conditions are met by the door lock arranged in the lock cylinder housing 36.

A piston 166 is slidably mounted in the cylinder housing 36 and merges into a locking bolt 168 at one end. The bolt 168 protrudes into a recess 170 of the shaft section 32 and is sealed against the interior of the cylinder by an O-ring 172. About a Nipple 174, the pressure space in the cylinder is acted upon with compressed air, the pressure space being provided by an on the piston 166 attached seal 176 is limited. On the piston 166, the end of a Bowden cable 178 is attached, which in the one Cylinder end wall 180 is introduced. Under the force of a spring 182, the bolt 168 is pressed into the recess 170, so that the shaft 16 cannot rotate. The pivot door wing 160 therefore remains closed.

When pressurized air is supplied to the cylinder through the nipple 174, the piston 166 moves to its right End position. The bolt 168 releases the recess so that the shaft 16 is unlocked. Because the cylinder immediately is pressurized with compressed air, there is a forward movement of the piston 166, so that the shaft 16 is unlocked before jamming can occur due to a displacement of the hollow piston 50.

ECKART (11 721)

- 39 -

The Bowden cable 182 is connected to the emergency cock, not shown connected to the vehicle. When the emergency valve is turned over, the cylinder 12 is depressurized. At the same time the piston will 166 withdrawn and the shaft 16 or the shaft section 32 released. The pivoting door leaf 160 can therefore with Compressed air failure can be printed by hand. Since the bolt 168 protrudes into the recess 170 in the closed position, prevents the swing door leaf from opening against this force generated by the compressed air.

The compressed air is supplied to the piston 166 via a line 184, which is not connected to the interior of the body 13 shown control valve is connected.

The recess 170 runs out like a secant on one side. Blocking therefore only occurs in one direction of rotation.

In the swivel motor 210 shown in FIG. 7, a hollow piston 214 is located in a cylinder tube 212 in the axial direction movably mounted. As in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, there are on the hollow piston 214 Shafts rotatably mounted support rollers attached, which are in helically wound grooves 216 of a shaft section 218 intervene, which merges into further shaft sections 220 and 222 at both ends. The wave section 222 continues in a shaft end 224 which protrudes from the cylinder tube 212 and does not connect to one clutch shown is determined. The wave section

F.CKART (11 721)

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222 serves as the seat of a roller bearing 225, the outer ring of which is fitted into the cylinder tube 212. Before that Shaft end 224 facing side of roller bearing 225 is located, I a cover 226 which is held in its axial position by a ring 228. Parts 218, 220, 222 and 224 form an output shaft. An annular seal 229 is arranged between the shaft section 222 and the cover 226. Another seal 230 is inserted between cover 226 and the inner wall of the cylinder and roller bearing 225.

A connection piece 232 for attaching a compressed air line is welded to the cylinder 212. The connecting piece 232 contains a channel 234, which continues in the wall of the cylinder tube 212 and opens below the roller bearing 225 into the interior of the cylinder tube 212. When compressed air is supplied via the channel 234, the annular end face 236 of the hollow piston 214 is acted upon with compressed air. In the end face 236 there are at least two axially inwardly extending bores 238, are inserted into the springs 240 ^w at the bottom of holes 238, and are supported on the rolling bearing 225th

The second, circular end face 242 of the hollow piston 214 is also with axially inwardly extending Bores 244 are provided, into which further springs 246 are inserted. The ends of the springs 246 are trimmed each at the bottom of the bores 244 and on an axial ball bearing 248, which is close to the inside of the cylinder tube 212 the second end is arranged.

(11721). '"" "' 3ΪΌ4241

- 41 -

On the outside of the cylinder tube 212, a second nozzle 250 is welded, which has a connection 252 for a contains further compressed air line, which is not shown in detail is. A channel 254 leads from connection 252 to a hollow cylinder 256 in which a shaft 258 with piston 260 is slidably mounted. The shaft 258 protrudes from the cylinder 256 with its two ends 262 and 264. That The end of 264 has an unspecified button to be touched. The other end 262 runs in a bore 266 the wall of the cylinder 212. Both in the cylindrical outer surface of the piston 260 and in the wall of the Bore 266 are unspecified seals are arranged. Between the one flat surface of the piston 260 and A spring 268 is arranged on the wall of the cylinder 256 adjacent to the end 264. If the connection 252 is compressed air is supplied, the piston 260 moves against the force of the spring 268 in the direction of the end 264 facing Cylinder inner wall. As a result, the tip of the end 262, which otherwise protrudes into the interior of the cylinder 212 in the bore 266 is withdrawn. In this case, the hollow piston 214 can move freely in the axial direction of the cylinder tube 212 move.

The hollow piston 214 is displaced by the application of compressed air, which is supplied to the connection 232, in the one direction. Close to the second end of the cylinder tube 212 is a second connection 269 for a compressed air line welded on. When the interior of the cylinder 212 over the

KCKAHT (11 721)

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Port 232 is vented and port 269 is supplied with compressed air, the hollow piston 214 moves in the other direction. The hollow piston 214 can also be guided on its outside through grooves (not shown in detail) be like the hollow cylinder 50. But it is also possible force an axial movement on the hollow piston 214 by means of appropriate guide means. In this case, the Bearings that allow the springs 240 and 246 to rotate following the hollow piston 214 are omitted. When moving of the hollow piston 214 is on the shaft section 218 and the shaft sections connected to it. 222, 224, 220 transmit a rotary motion. The curvature of the grooves 216 and the others on the outside of the hollow piston 214 extending grooves, not shown, is based on the above in connection with the one in FIG. 1 through 6 are discussed in detail.

The embodiment of a swivel motor 210 shown in FIG. 7 contains only one connection piece 250 with those enclosed therein Share, assuming that the parts to be moved by the output shaft are only in one end position Failure of the compressed air should persist until manual intervention. If this is also desired for the other end position a second port 250 with associated elements 252, 254, 256, 258, 260, 262, 264 and 268 must be on Cylinder 212 are provided, otherwise the springs 246

Eckart

move the hollow piston 214 out of its end position in which the grooves 216 and the other grooves, not shown have a self-locking process.

Is the hollow piston PIA in the one in Fij ?. 7 p.ezei j? Ton end position, the tip of the shaft end 262 is moved into the displacement path of the hollow piston 214 if the compressed air fails or is switched off. This takes place under the influence of the spring 268. The tip of the shaft end thus absorbs the forces transmitted from the springs 240 to the hollow piston 214. The hollow piston can therefore not move. A door leaf connected to the swivel motor 210 would in this case remain in the closed position, for example.

If the shaft 258 is now moved by pulling on the button of the end 264 against the force of the spring 268, the Tip of the shaft end 262 clears the way for the hollow piston 214, which by the springs 240 from its self-locking characterized location is shifted. In this way, for example, the connected door leaf can be opened in an emergency. The elements 250, 252, 254, 256, 258, 260, 262, 264 and 268 thus form a drive for the release of the Hollow piston 214 acting axial force.

For safety reasons, it is advantageous to connect connection 252 upstream of the reversing valve for the two connections 232 and 268 to arrange.

(11721) "■■■■" '3Ϊ0424Ϊ

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There can also be two nozzles 250 with the corresponding parts at diametrically opposite points of the Cylinder tube 212 be arranged. As a result, the piston 214 can be supported on two ends 262.

HS

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Claims (28)

. «Ι Patent attorneys Dipl.-Ing. Joachim Street Dr. Hans-Herbert Stoffregen Hanau D-W50 Haniu ECKART GmbH & Co. KG
At the knee 2 Schluechtern 11 - Wallroth Hanau, February 3, 1981 sto-es 11 721 Pressure fluid operated swivel motor Claims Pressure medium-operated swivel motor, in particular for driving a swivel door leaf connected to a rotary column via swivel arms, with a cylinder, an axially displaceable piston therein and an axially fixed output shaft rotatably mounted in the cylinder at the end and which has at least two helically extending cam tracks on a cylinder jacket section, engage in the guide projections connected to the piston,
characterized,
that the bearings (40, 18) of the output shaft (16, 46) of the swivel motor (10) for holding the swivel motor (10) including the rigidly connected to the output shaft (16, 46), consisting of one piece CORNER CART * * Rotary column (154) and the swing door leaf (160) are designed that the lower end face (112) of the Swivel motor housing (12, 34) symmetrically arranged to the axis of rotation for attachment one of the swivel motor (10) with the vehicle body (162) in at least four different adjustable positions connecting intermediate piece (48) and that on the housing (12) against standard compressed air connections optionally exchangeable overflow valves (118) are arranged, the pressure connections (126) on facing sides are mirror images of each other. 2. swivel motor according to claim 1, characterized,
that the intermediate piece (48) consists of two support plates (108, 110) extending at right angles to one another, which are connected to one another at one edge and have fastening holes. 3. swivel motor according to claim 2, characterized, that the intermediate piece (48) is an elbow. 4. Swing motor according to claim 1 or one. of the following claims,
characterized, ECKART. . · - .. " that a shaft section (30) provided with the helical cam tracks (66) has a slight has a larger diameter than the output shaft (16) of the swivel motor (10). 5. Swing motor according to claim 1 or one of the following Expectations, characterized,
that the cam tracks (66) for generating different torques and rotational speeds of the rotary column (154) run in the axial direction of the shaft section (30) with different gradients. 6. swivel motor according to claim 5, characterized,
that an increased closing force of the swing door leaf (160) can be generated by the different course of the gradients of the cam tracks (66). 7. Swing motor according to claim 1 or one of the following,
characterized,
that the rotating column (154) connected to the output shaft (16) in a rigid manner consists of a piece of pipe. ECKART -A- 8. Swing motor according to claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterized,
that a shaft section (32) of the output shaft is surrounded by a housing part (34) on which a locking cylinder housing (36) is attached radially, in which a piston (166) actuated by pressure fluid can be displaced ) bears the bolt (168) held, the bolt (168) being unlockable both by applying pressure to the piston and by a Bowden cable (182). 9. swivel motor according to claim 8, characterized,
that the Bowden cable (182) is positively connected to the emergency valve of a vehicle. 10. Swing motor according to claim 8 or 9, characterized,
that the bolt (168) engages in a radial recess (170) of the shaft section (32) and that the recess runs out flat in one direction of rotation along a secant. ECKART
(11 721) - ο - 11. Swing motor according to claim 8 or one of the following claims, characterized,
that the locking cylinder housing (36) is integrated into the housing part (34). 12. Swing motor according to claim 8 or one of the following claims, characterized,
that the locking cylinder housing (36) can be supplied with the compressed air for the opening in front of the hollow piston (50) via a compressed air line. 13. Swivel motor with cam tracks, the course of which in at least one end position of the piston when the Pressure medium supply and self-locking in the case of forces acting back on the piston via the output shaft evokes according to claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterized,
that through a drive (72; 150 to 164, 166) arranged on the side of the cylinder (12; 112) on the piston (50, 114) an axial force for movement at least out of its self-locking position can be exerted or the exertion can be initiated. eckart: :: ..:: *: \. (11 721) "· ♦" * 14. Swing motor according to claim 13, characterized,
that the drive (72) has a pinion (74) which is rotatable by hand about an axis (78) and pivotable about a further axis (80) from rest positions into a fixed position in which the teeth of the pinion (74) with Teeth (86) are in engagement, which are arranged in a row corresponding to the course of the cam tracks (60) on the piston (50) or on a carrier fixedly connected to the piston. 15. Swivel motor according to claim 13 or 14,
characterized, that the pinion (74) is mounted eccentrically on a rotatable disc (76), on the edge of which a projection (88) is arranged, which when the teeth of the pinion (74) and piston (50) engage in the direction of rotation of the pinion (74 ) is pressed against a stop (90) in the opposite direction.
W. 16. Swing motor according to claim 15,
characterized, that a stop pin (88) is provided as a projection, which from one of the circular end faces of the Disc (76) protrudes and can be pressed against a ball on the stop (90), which is spring preloaded stands and is movable against this in a spherical cap. 17. Swing motor according to claim 13 or one of the following,
characterized,
that the axis of rotation (78) of the pinion (74) and the axis of rotation (80) of the disc (76) lie with the longitudinal axis of the stop pin in or approximately in a plane which, when the pinion (74) engages in the teeth (86) of the Piston (50) is perpendicular to the piston center axis. 18. Swing motor according to claim 13 or one of the following,
characterized,
that the distance between the axes of rotation (78, 80) of the pinion (74) and the disk (76) is approximately as large as half the radius of the disk (76), while the radii of the pinion (74) and disk (76) is approximately match in size. 19. Swing motor according to claim 13 or one of the following,
characterized,
that the cam tracks are arranged as grooves (60, 66) each on the outside of a section (30) of the output shaft and of the piston (50) with slopes running in diverging directions with respect to the piston center axis Cylinder (12) or rollers attached to the piston (50) ECKART
(11 721) - ο - (62, 68) run so that the teeth (86) are on the outside of the hollow piston (50) and that the pinion (74) is arranged in a housing (82) attached to the cylinder (12) at a distance from the end of the cylinder, in which the teeth of the pinion (74) with those in one end position of the hollow piston (50) close to the piston face arranged teeth (86) can be brought into engagement. 20. Swing motor according to claim 13 or one of the following,
characterized,
that at least one frontal projection (94) of the pinion (74) protrudes with its end from the housing (82), the end being designed as a point of attack for a tool. 21. Swing motor according to claim 20, characterized,· that the end of the projection (94) is designed as a square head is. 22. Swing motor according to claim 14 or one of the following,
characterized,
that next to the disk (76) a second disk (96) is arranged on the other side of the pinion (74) and that the identically designed disks (76, 96) are rotatable in bores (98) in the side walls of the housing (82) are stored. 23. Swing motor according to claim 13, characterized,
that the drive is designed as a shaft (-258) which can be displaced in the path of the piston (214) under spring tension in the event of a pressure medium failure, at one end (264) of which a tensile force can be exerted by hand through which the other end (262) comes out of the The path of the piston (214) which is spring-loaded. 24. Swing motor according to claim 23, characterized,
that the shaft (258) is connected to a piston (260) which is movably arranged in a cylinder of a housing (250) and can be displaced by supplying pressure medium into an end position in which the end (262) of the shaft (250) extends is removed from the path of the piston (214). 25. Swing motor according to claim 23 or 24, characterized, that springs (240) in axially extending bores (238) Eckart. :::;.: ϊ *! - 10 - the walls of the hollow piston (214) are inserted and located at the bottoms of the bores (238) and at a close Support roller bearings (225) arranged at one end of the cylinder. 26. Swivel motor according to claim 23, or one of the following, characterized in that
that a channel (234) for the supply of pressure medium opens into the cylinder (212) below the roller bearing (225). 27. Swing motor according to claim 23 or one of the following,
characterized,
that two drives (250 to 264, 268) are arranged at diametrically opposite points of the cylinder (212). 28. Swing motor according to claim 23 or one of the following,
characterized,
that the one channel (234) for the pressure medium and a second channel arranged in a further connection (269) at the other end of the cylinder (212) are connected to reversing valves, which in the course of the line for the pressure medium behind the connection or connections (252 ) for the drive or drives (250 to 264, 268) are arranged.