DE3101395A1 - Process for producing hydraulic and eminently hydraulic binders - Google Patents

Abstract

The mechanical mining of hard coal at the same time necessitates the mining of the intrusive rocks in which the coal strata are embedded. The weight of the quantities of rock, usually occurring as shale, is often higher than the weight of the minable coal. This causes huge tipping problems. These rock tips - known as refuse tips - are a huge environmental problem because they are water soluble. The shale rock - known as refuse - is a utilisable natural material from which useful materials and raw materials can be obtained. This patent application relates to processes for producing hydraulic and eminently hydraulic binders from washed-out and picked-out refuse. The clinkers produced as intermediate product are ground to form cements. The clinkers themselves, unground, are a good aggregate material and road building material.

Description

Re: Application for a patent

with the date of today's registration Designation: Process for production of hydraulic and highly hydraulic binders i #f.

Only deep rock from the hanging wall is used for processing Layers of the coal seams, insofar as they occur mineralogically as shale rock. These are sediments formed in the carboniferous, which by metamorphosis under Pressure and exposure to heat are petrified and have arisen from them at the same time Coal seams during. the coal phase have absorbed substances and in the stone dissolved included.

The coexisting minerals kaolinite / fireclay, Serizit / Jllit, chlorite, quartz, feldspar, calcite / dolomite, pebbles, siderite and an X-ray amorphous residue.

The full chemical analyzes show almost the same mineral structure different compositions of weight.

Loss on ignition 9.23 - 12.60 silica as SiO2 61.00 @ 52.10 alumina as Al2O3 20.17 - 19.40 iron oxide as Fe203 4.00 - 7.90 titanium oxide as TiO2 0.47 - 0.90 calcium oxide CaO 1.50 - 0.70 magnesium oxide MgO 1.46 - 1.80 potassium oxide as K20 1.45 - 3.80 sodium oxide as Na20 0.52 - 0.80 99.80 ffi 100.00.

The gases emerging from the deep rock were at temperatures chemically determined from 100 to 100000 and from 100 to 1130 ° C.

Included were at 100 - 10000C at 1000 - 1130 ° C vol .-% vol .-% 37 H2 5.1 H2 00.1 02 0.1 02 00, N2 2.5 N2 45.3 CO 81.2 CO 13.6 C02 11.2 C02 2, 1 CH4 0.1 CH4 1.7 H2S 0.1 H2S The gas discharge begins at a measured 220 ° C and reaches a first peak at 32,000. The diagram of an experiment up to 9000C shows one another peak at 4400C and a strong gas leakage to 570 ° C and then an almost linear decay of gas emissions; all of this when the temperature rises from 500 / min. and ground to a grain size of 90 mm.

The ground deep rock did not visibly contain any adhering coal. The entire gas emission from the deep rock ranges in terms of volume and according to its Energy content from causing a ceramic fire in cement clinkers, by no means but to bring about the sintering of cement raw meal and certainly not the 6arbrand to ensure sintered cement clinker with a high proportion of enamel.

Through targeted and precisely calculated additions of serrosilicon and 4 parts of calcium silicide Ca2Si with 6 parts of saltpetre can also be used for the Pyrolysis, with which the gas emission from the deep rock should be effected quickly, the required high degrees of heat and amounts of heat in addition to improving the chemical composition, because the oxidation of ferrosilicon or Calcium silicide causes these large amounts of heat and high levels of heat to be released and ensuring a high proportion of melt in which the oxidation products enter the clinker thermochemically.

Under certain circumstances, cement clinker can be burned without an additional flame.

The original idea of the invention was to create a cement which does not correspond to DIN, but a hydraulic one for the German coal mining industry Binder is provided, together with ground wash mountains and wash mountains grain -instead of gravel - enables a rapidly setting and solidifying mountain concrete, which is suitable for filling cleared seams to absorb the rock pressure as soon as possible and so to stop the currently common quarry.

The calculations, however, gave a better picture.

Depending on the addition of calcium oxide in the form of CaC03 for the preparation of the raw cement, the percentages of silica change, Alumina and the oxides of iron, titanium, magnesium, potassium and sodium. So were if calculated amounts of calcium oxide are added from correspondingly higher amounts CaC03 quantities for additions of 180, 185, 122, 61 kg 0a0 the following percentages are determined under assuming that the remaining percentages are to be applied in kg: CaO 66.80 67.50 57.80 40.66 ffi SiO2 22.67 22.26 28.90 40.64 * Al2O3 + TiO2 7.67 7.53 9.78 13.75 % Fe203 1.48 1.46 1.90 2.66% MgO 0.54 0.53 0.69 0.97 ffi 20 0.54 0.53 0.69 0.97 % Na20 0.19 0.19 0.24 0.35 *.

This corresponds to the chemical composition in the first two columns of Portland cement, as it is produced in the Federal Republic of Germany, and although in the middle to the highest quality range. The same applies to the third column, corresponding to a medium to good blast furnace cement, and for the fourth column a medium between the blast furnace cement and normal high-alumina cement can be identified.

Based on the calculations, laboratory tests were carried out on behalf of the applicant at the Institute for Mineral Engineering at RWTH Aachen University under the direction of Mr. Scientific advice and Professor Dr.-Ing.

Udo L u d w i g carried out and confirmed as correct. There were Including burning tests (understandable under practical conditions) with lime standard 80 and burning temperature 13000C with a burning time of 20 minutes and lime standard 90, burning temperature 138000, burning time 20 minutes.

The free lime content of the clinker obtained was 0.2% and 0.3%. Without the addition of raw gypsum / anhydrite, the finely ground clinker solidifies immediately.

The usual additions of raw plaster of paris and anhydrite are kept within the standardized ones Limits so that the 3 determination, depending on the type of cement, between 3 and 4% and below lie.

Depending on these additives, the hydraulic ones obtained solidify and highly hydraulic binders (elements) are more common in the standard. Cements.

Claims (1)

Process for the production of hydraulic and highly hydraulic Binders; Claims; characterized in that deep rock from coal mining (Slate) with additions of calcium carbonate dry or wet to the grain size below 90 μm ground to cement raw meal at a temperature of approx. 150 ° C. and dried in the form of pellets, granules or dust in known ovens pyrolytically at temperatures is burned over 1300 to 1470 ° C for no more than 20 minutes, its gaseous, chemical constituents are released and the burning process is triggered by atmospheric oxygen up to sintering and baking and a high proportion of enamel in the cement clinker achieve through additional combustion. By adding exactly calculated Amounts of perrosilicon and calcium silicide Ca2Si, the latter in a mixture of 2: 3 with Saltpetre, the standards are improved if necessary and with saving of other Energy released large amounts of heat at high degrees of heat to increase the proportion of melt and to shorten the burning time, respectively. for better and earlier release the gas components of the deep rock.