DE310021C - - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN EMPIRE

ISSUED
ON 26 MA11922

REICH PATENT OFFICE

PATENT LETTERING

- JVl 310021 - CLASS 12i GROUP

(C 27153 IVj12 ij

SJ

Chemische Werke Carbon G.m.b.H. in Ratibor, O.-S.

Process for the production of gas-absorbing coals.

Patented in the German Empire on January 15, 1918.

It is often necessary to absorb gases through solids. Used for this one among other things charcoal.

The removal of harmful gases from rooms or places in which Humans or animals have to move. The gas masks that can only be used for this purpose contain in their container in addition to special absorbents for the poisonous Gases is another universal gas protection agent. On the goodness and effectiveness of the latter depends essentially depends on the usability of the mask. As universal gas protection so far a charcoal used by charring spruce chips in the presence of Zinc chloride was made / charcoal is expensive and not always easy to obtain.

So far, it has not been possible to use mineral coals for gas absorption. That The aim of the present process is to combine various steps Treatment of mineral coals suitable for the absorption of gases too do.

For example, brown coal, hard coal and anthracite can be used. These coals by themselves are not sufficiently absorbent. You will be following this procedure treated so that the piece-shaped starting material at a temperature of about 800 to ι 000 ° C exposed to the action of strongly superheated steam for a long time and after extracting with acid and washing out with water, is subjected to vigorous annealing. The finished one Coal is broken up in suitable mills and sieved.

You can also initially glow or coke the coals at a low temperature then carry out the treatment described. Instead of the superheated steam you can other heated gases, such as carbonic acid, nitrogen, can also be used. The gases act on the coal at the applied temperature.

Example.

300 kg of brown coal in pieces are left to act at about 800 ° C for 6 hours exposed to large amounts of superheated water vapor, then weighing around 30 kg Hydrochloric acid extracted, washed, dried and then again for 12 hours at about Annealed at 900 ° C. The calcined product is by grinding and sieving on the for brought the desired grain size to the gas mask insert.

The finished coal is a hard, strong gas-absorbing coal, which the not only meets the highest demands at present, but in some cases considerably exceeds them. This process achieves a double economic advantage because i. the raw materials are to be procured in large quantities; and 2. is the cost of the procedure should be called low in relation to the previously practiced.

The coals can be used individually or in

can be used with each other. The obtained coals are particularly useful can be used in gas protective masks.

There is no parallelism between the discoloration capacity and the gas absorption. A carbon with a high decolorizing power does not yet absorb gases sufficiently Lot. So far, gas-absorbing charcoal has only been made from plant material, but not from it

ίο Get mineral charcoal. According to the German Patent 136792 are carbonaceous substances of vegetable origin with steam treated during charring. The action of water vapor after The present process, on the other hand, takes place with the mineral coal that has already formed.

The revival of the vegetable exploited coal with "water vapor is supposed to." only destroy the absorbed organic matter, which affects the decolorizing power relates without the purpose or achievement of increasing the absorption capacity of gases will. According to the German patent specification 248571 coals with aqueous

2.S soaked reagent solutions and then heated. Apart from the fact that the resulting amount of steam can only be small, comes it is important for the effect of the present method that the water vapor in overheated condition is applied. In the process of the German patent specification 248571 the water vapor must be removed before the annealing temperature can take effect can.

According to patent specification 250741, lignite is gasified, which takes place in the absence of air. It is then annealed in the absence of air and then briefly ventilated. Apart from the fact that the previous operations no water vapor is used, a short ventilation, which is not at all like water vapor or carbonic acid works, not like superheated steam. To Köhler, »The manufacture of soot and der Schwärze «, 3rd ed., 1912, S-185, para. 4 and 5, one has water vapor for the charring of vegetable or animal matter Brought action. According to the present procedure, however, the action takes place of water vapor on coal that has already formed. The others are missing from the procedures mentioned steps necessary for the present procedure. The product obtained meets the conditions for use in gas masks, namely to have a certain grain size, spherical grain shape and high storage stability.

Claims (3)

Patent Claims: 1. A process for the production of gas-absorbing coals which can be used in particular for the use of gas masks, characterized in that mineral coals such as brown coals, bituminous coals, anthracite, annealed in pieces in red heat with strongly superheated steam or gases, then extracted with mineral acids, washed with water and, after drying, subjected to ^{vigorous annealing 7 x 1.} 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the starting materials Annealed for a long time immediately after the action of the steam, then extracted with acid, washed with water and, after drying, subjected to another vigorous glow will. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the starting materials first at a low temperature, around 400 ° C, with or without steam annealed or coked and then treated as in 1 and 2.