DE306698C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

Two or more stage steam engines work in such a way that the exhaust steam of one cylinder is passed into the following cylinder and here, expanding further, Work. Of this operation, that of the machine of the present invention differs in that not the Exhaust steam, d. H. the vapor immediately released by the reciprocating piston

ίο passes into the following cylinder, but that part of the steam remaining in the cylinder after the exhaust it is compressed to a certain extent by the piston and thereby overheated, is transferred to the following cylinder through special exhaust valves. It is true known per se, the cylinder in the specified manner by means of special exhaust valves to take steam of a certain voltage from a steam engine. This is what it is but it is only about getting out of the cylinder of a steam engine, be it a single-cylinder one or multi-cylinder machine, steam for heating purposes and the like in from the actual Machine to maintain separate devices, but not to operate the machine

_T even with steam superheated by compression. In order to enable such operation, according to the invention, in a peculiar way, the use of the exhaust steam as a driving means in the second cylinder or in the following cylinder is dispensed with.

The new arrangement offers significant advantages over known multi-stage machines. First of all, the exhaust steam, which is not used to work in the following steam cylinder, is free for any secondary purposes, for example for heating purposes. Furthermore, since the working steam intended for the following cylinder can be compressed to any desired extent and thereby overheated, there is no need for a special superheater, as is otherwise required in multi-stage machines to avoid condensation losses. The new machine can therefore be fed with saturated steam, which, however, is also overheated as a result of the previous overheating in the first cylinder, so that the advantages of overheating come into play in both the first and the second cylinder. Of course, in a three-cylinder engine, overheating through compression could also take place in the same way in the second cylinder and in a four-cylinder engine in the third. _;

The drawing shows the new machine in an exemplary version as a two-cylinder DC machine shown. Fig. Ι is a longitudinal section through the cylinder the machine. FIG. 2 shows the steam pressure diagram of the new machine, and FIG. 3 for comparison that of a known two-stage compound machine.

As Fig. Ι shows, in contrast to the compound machine, the two cylinders α and b have the same diameter. The steam passes alternately through valves c and d

Claims (1)

of the first cylinder β and through the in the center of the cylinder located openings e from, but only partially. This exiting Steam enters the pipe / and is used for heating purposes, for example for heating Boiler feed water, use, ν Der in the cylinder remaining larger part of the steam 'is compressed by the piston and thereby overheated in a manner known per se. ίο Some time before the piston has reached one of its end positions, special outlet valves g and U , which are likewise arranged at the cylinder ends in a known manner, are opened. The superheated steam passes through this into the sensor, according to the drawing into the pipe i and the spaces k and I and then passes through the valves m and η In _x the second cylinder b, from which it flows through the openings ο and the pipe r to the condenser. The process described can be followed on the diagram in FIG. 2. The comparison this diagram with that of the known two-cylinder compound machine, Fig. 3, reveals at first glance the fundamental difference in the way the two machines work recognize. The vertically hatched areas represent the work of the first cylinders represents, the horizontally hatched areas that of the second cylinder. While at the known machine the work surfaces because of the different cylinder volumes (about ι to 3) are of different lengths, they are the same length on the new machine. Between In both cases, the work surfaces are the diagonally hatched area, which shows the loss of work when the steam leaves the first cylinder illustrated in the second. . At the beginning of the piston travel, point 1 of FIG. 2, saturated live steam enters the first cylinder in the new machine. At point 2 the inlet valve closes and the expansion begins along line 3. Point 4 denotes the moment when the outlet slits open; at point 5, on the return path of the piston, the compression of the vapor remaining in the cylinder begins, following line 6 takes place. At 7 the outlet valve g or h opens, the compressed steam is pushed out of the cylinder at approximately the same pressure. At point 8, valves g and h close, the rest of the steam is compressed according to line 9, which returns to point 1 via point 10, the beginning of the entry of saturated live steam. The second cylinder is filled with superheated steam from points 11 to 12. Now the inlet valve closes and the expansion takes place after line 13 bis to point 14, at which the outflow begins. The compression of the in the cylinder Remaining steam takes place after the line 15, which returns to the starting point 11. The diagram of the known compound machine does not require any special discussion. Pa τ ε ν τ - A ν s ρ r υ c η:. Two or more cylinder steam machines -. Machine with outlet slots controlled by the working piston, characterized in that in the second (subsequent) Cylinder steam flows over the first (previous) cylinder after being compressed by the returning one Piston and the resulting overheating is removed through special outlets in a manner known per se, while the exhaust steam from the first (previous) Cylinder for secondary purposes, heating and the like, remains free. 1 sheet of drawings.