DE3033848A1 - Multiple section agricultural machine - has sections used independently also attached in series to frame with wheels lowered to ground - Google Patents

Abstract

The multiple purpose agricultural machine with sections which can be used independently, has a grubbing section connected to a rotary harrow followed by a sowing section. Between the harrow and the sowing section is a structure incorporating a multiple linkage system operated by a hydraulic cylinder which enables a pair of intermediate wheels to be lowered to the ground. This is mounted at the end of a horizontal frame with longitudinal beams from which the first two sections are suspended and to which the sowing section is attached by swinging arms and chains. To enable sections to be used independently, they incorporate connections which enable them to be attached to the three point hitch of a tractor. The connecting system for the harrow includes links under the main horizontal frame and horizontal connecting members above it.

Description

Description:

The invention relates to a combination device for soil cultivation with a front soil ripper (front device) with coupling devices for attachment to the three-point linkage of a tractor, one resting on the front implement and releasably connected to this carrier with support wheels, and a second device, which also has coupling devices that attach to the three-point linkage of a tractor fit and is attached with these coupling devices.

Combination devices have the advantage that they can be driven on once one field several operations can be carried out at the same time. Through this the undesired solidification of the soil by the tractor tires is reduced as far as possible. However, device combinations cannot always be used as their possible use depends on the nature of the tractor and the nature of the soil and the desired crop to be prepared by tillage, is dependent.

It is therefore desirable that the individual devices of the device combination can also be used on their own.

In a known device of the type mentioned (DE-OS 26 52 349) is the carrier by means of bolts on the front implement designed as a rotary harrow so articulated that the carrier around a horizontal, transverse to the direction of travel extending axis is pivotable. There is a Seed drill attached. The support wheels of the carrier and the seed drill cannot be raised is fully supported by the support wheels. It is true that the rotary harrow be lifted by means of the tractor hydraulics, but the carrier remains with his full weight and the weight of attached equipment on the ground.

The invention is based on the object of providing a device of the type mentioned at the beginning Kind to train so that the entire device is lifted with the help of the tractor hydraulics can be, it should also be possible to use the training wheels while working of the carrier off the ground.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the carrier is rigidly connected to the front unit and the support wheels are arranged on a carrier Lifting device with actuating hydraulic cylinder sit.

With such a trained device can be worked so that the Do not touch the support wheels on the ground. The load capacity still necessary at work can are often caused by the tractor, since a large part in the working position the weight of the implement is supported on the ground via the work tools. By the rigid connection between the front implement and the carrier can be made by the top link of the tractor a force can be exerted on the carrier which takes over part of the carrier weight. By actuating both the lifting device and the one on the tractor Lifting device for the lower links can lift all parts of the machine off the ground will.

The combination device is preferably equipped with three devices (Claim 2), namely a front unit, a middle unit and a rear unit. The term spreader in claim 2 is a generic term for seed drills and fertilizer spreader, i.e. for devices that have any material on the ground or drop in the earth. It is of course possible with the front unit and To work alone in the middle unit and not to use the rear unit at all. Here, too, the support wheels can be retracted so that no wheel tracks are left be left on the finely crumbled soil.

You can use the middle device with the front device as well as with the Carrier connected, e.g. according to claim 3, the lower links to the front device and the top link with the carrier, since the front implement and carrier after their coupling form a rigid unit.

The embodiment according to claim 4 has the advantage that a central device can be used with another device without using the carrier will.

A basic form of the support frame according to claim 5 is constructive particularly simple and is as little as possible for fastening the tools obstructive. According to claim 6, four fastening points are preferably used for the rigid connection provided, preferably according to claim 7, the rear fastening points designed as claws and the front fastening points as bolt connections so that only two bolts have to be inserted for coupling (claim 8th). Lead-in bevels according to claim 9 facilitate the coupling process.

The arrangement of supports according to claim 10 has the advantage that the Carriers can be comfortably held at a height before being connected to the work equipment can, in which the coupling with the tools is easily possible.

The possibility of movement for the upper link articulation point on the front device according to claims 11 and 12, without manipulating the upper link Free movement between the tractor and the device in the transport position for adjustment on uneven floors.

A double-acting hydraulic cylinder as the exhaust mechanism according to claim 13 is advantageous for the retraction of the support wheels in the working position. According to claim 14, the lifting device can also be used to release the upper link articulation point done automatically.

The support wheels can be suspended from a pendulum axle according to claim 17 which is particularly useful when the wheelbase is large. With a small wheelbase or just a support wheel, a pendulum axle is not necessary.

Support wheels on the front unit are particularly advantageous because they are used with them some of the weight of the device can be supported on the floor if the on the carrier are raised. The ones left behind by the support wheels on the front unit Traces are harmless, since the middle device generally reproduces these traces eliminated.

According to claim 24, track eradicators can behind the support wheels of the carrier be arranged. In this case, the support wheels can also be used while working roll off the floor. With some device combinations, such an additional Support may be necessary.

In claim 26 are different versions for the front device, the middle unit and the rear unit are specified. A particularly important one in practice The combination is mentioned in claim 27.

As advantages of the invention, reference should be made in particular to the possibility that each of the devices connected to the carrier can also be used on its own, there are corresponding coupling points on each device for connection to a tractor or another device. The rigid connection of the carrier with to the The front unit also has an advantage when it comes to transport, namely the Advantage that weight proportions of the central unit and the rear unit on the Tug can be transferred. The rigid connection of the carrier with the front unit has the advantage that all devices connected to the carrier also look to the side are kept stable so that even then no drift when working on slopes of the following devices is created when the combination consists of three devices and is relatively long.

Two exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. 1 shows a side view according to arrow I in FIG. 2 of a first Embodiment of a device according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a plan view of this Device according to arrow II in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is a side view of a device according to a second embodiment of the invention.

The main components of the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 are a cultivator 1, a power harrow 2, a seeder 3 and a carrier 4. The texture and the interaction of these main components will be described in detail below will.

The cultivator 1 has a total of 5 designated frame, the one front crossbeam 6, a rear crossbeam 7 and longitudinal members 8 and 9. Conventional tools 10 of a cultivator are attached to the cross members 6 and 7.

At the rear ends of the longitudinal beams 8 and 9 are support wheels 11 and 12 arranged. On the front crossbar 6 are sheets 13, 14 welded on, the pins 15, 16 carry, which are used to connect the device with lower links a three-point linkage for the tractor. The lower links are indicated by dash-dotted lines Lines. 17, 18 indicated. From the sheets 13, 14 go upwards converging Sheets 19, 20, which run parallel in their upper half and in a row have arranged holes 21. Sn-these upper areas is an upper link part 22 mounted pivotably by means of a bolt 23. This part is located in holes 24 arranged in a row, which are also used to articulate an upper link 25 a three-point linkage for the tractor.

On the front crossbeam 6 of the frame there are also plates that form pockets 26, 27 and 28, 29 are welded, which diverge in their rear areas to to form an insertion funnel. These bags are used for the yet to be described Connection of the carrier 4 to the cultivator 1. The crossbeams 6, 7 are also through obliquely extending bars 29, 30 stiffened against one another. From these braces Plates 31, 32 rise, which serve to articulate the rotary harrow 2.

The rotary harrow 2 has a gear box designed at the same time Frame 33. In this frame, so-called tool tops are in a known manner rotatably mounted, the prongs 34 carry. The places where such gyroscopes with vertical Axis are arranged in tig. 2 symbolically represented by crosses. At both There are protective shields 35 on the sides of the rotary harrow. At the rear end of the rotary harrow a crumbling roller 36 is mounted, which extends (see Fig. 2) over the entire width of the device and which is mounted on arms 37 which pivot upwards permit.

Metal sheets 38, 39 ah, which carry pins 40, 41, protrude from the housing 33 which lower links 42, 43 are articulated, the front ends of which are attached to the metal sheets 31, 32 of the C.rubber frame are articulated. Like yig. 1 ze; (Jt, are the 1lenker 42, 43 angled.

In the middle of the frame is an upward stretching structure 44 arranged, the articulation bores 45 has for an upper link 46, which with its front end is articulated to one of the bores 21 by means of a bolt. The top link 46 contains a turnbuckle 46a, with which the length of the top link is changeable.

There are also two lower pivot holes on the rotary harrow 47, which have a transverse distance from each other and on the structure 44 a pivot hole 48 for a top link.

This makes it possible to attach additional devices to the rotary harrow.

The carrier 4 has a frame 49, which consists essentially of two longitudinal beams 50, 51 and a rear cross member 52, which extends as upward Elbow pipe is formed, as can be seen from FIG. From the longitudinal beams 50, 51 extend vertically downward, post-like elements 53 and 54 (see -iq. 1), which are used to couple the carrier 4 to the cultivator 1 The front posts 53 have transverse bores at their lower ends through which bolts 55 can be pushed which also reach through the pocket plates 26, 27 and 28, 29 (see FIG. 2).

At the lower ends of the posts 54 claws 56 are arranged, the grip the rear crossbar 7 of the cultivator from behind. To the front the claws 56 have introducer extensions, as shown in FIG.

Approximately in front of the longitudinal center of the beam 4 is on each longitudinal beam 50, 51 a support 57 is arranged, which has a cul3platte 57a has and can be pivoted upwards. The fig.

1 and 2 show the working position in which the supports are swiveled up are.

In the rear area of the carrier 4 are designed as trailing wheels Support wheels 58, 59 are arranged. These support wheels can be pivoted about vertical axes 60, seen in a known manner in plan view opposite the axes of rotation of the wheels are offset. The axes 60 are located at the ends of a cross beam 61, the is suspended from a lifting device designated as a whole by 62.

The lifting device 62 is on one with the longitudinal beams 50, 51 connected traverse 63 attached. Two sheets 64, 65 are welded to the traverse, at which there are four articulation points 66 to 69. At the articulation points 66 and 67 parallelogram parts 70, 71 are hinged at one end, while the other Ends of these parts at 72, 73 are hinged to metal sheets 74, 75, which are attached to a U-shaped Sheet metal are welded to which the crossbeam 61 oscillates by means of a bolt 98 is hung.

The cylinder part 76a of a double-acting one engages at the articulation point 68 Hydraulic cylinder 76, the piston rod 76b of which with the 1> arallelogram member 71 is articulated at 77. From a consideration of the drawing it is clear that when the cylinder 76 is extended, i.e. when the piston rod is pushed out 76, the crossbeam 61 is lowered, while when the cylinder is shortened it is raised takes place. The drawing shows the fully raised position.

At the articulation point 69, an angle lever 78 is mounted, which has a short Has lever arm 78a and a long lever arm 78b. The short lever arm 78a is via a handlebar 79 with a protruding beyond the pivot point 67 Extension 71a of the parallelogram member 71 articulated.

With the long lever arm is a rod designated as a whole by 80 articulated, which consists of a tube 80a and a screwable within the tube Threaded rod 80b is made. At the end on the right in the drawing, the Rod has an eyelet 80c, which has an elongated opening within which a Bolt 81 is movable, with which the angle lever 78 is coupled to the rod 80 is. The left end of the rod 80 is over a bolt that has the topmost holes 24 of the upper link articulation part 22 reaches through, coupled to the upper link articulation part.

The seed drill 3 is supported by two running wheels 82, 83 on the ground away. The seed drill is of conventional design and has a pivot hole 84 for one designed as a turnbuckle top link 85 and two spaced apart Pins 86 and 87 for the articulation of lower links 88 and 89.

The upper link 85 is welded to the metal sheets 74, 75 at 90 Metal sheets 91 hinged. The lower links 88, 89 are by means of bolts 92 and 93 on metal sheets 94 articulated, which are welded to the beam 61 and protrude downward from the beam.

Two chains 95 and 96 are suspended from the traverse 52, the lower one Ends with the Unt: ercnkcl-n tt8 or 89 v ('are tied.

The solid lines show the situation in the working position, while the situation with the device lifted is shown in dash-dotted lines. In the workplace The support wheels 58, 59 are tullq from the ground The piston rod 76b is drawn into the cylinder 76a. The confiscation is possible with the double-acting cylinder 76. The carrier 4 is supported by the support wheels 12 of the cultivator 1 carried. The Kreislegge 2 can be independently of the height Move cultivator 1 to adapt to uneven ground. The keeping of the Rotary harrow 2 is maintained by the crumbling roller 36.

The seed drill 3 is supported on the ground via its running wheels 82, 83 off, i.e. their weight is not transferred to the carrier 4. The chains 95, 96 are loose in the working position, so do not transmit any tensile forces, so that the The seed drill can also freely adjust to uneven ground.

The pivot axes 60 of the trailing wheels 58, 59 are in the excavated Position inclined slightly from the bottom back to the front and top. The force of gravity causes therefore that the support wheels 58, 59 pivot forward, that is, compared to their usual Follow-up position are turned forward by 1800. The lifting of the support wheels 58, 59 has the advantage that the bottom, which is finely crumbled by the central device 2, does not penetrate the support wheels is compacted.

The combination device can also be used without the seed drill 3. This use case occurs frequently because the fine seeds are not always at the same time takes place with the seedbed preparation. Each dr device can also be used for itself. When the cultivator 1 is used by itself, the carrier 4 is uncoupled from the cultivator. The rotary harrow 2 can in their articulation points 40, 41 and 45 directly to a Tractor can be coupled. If the rotary harrow e.g.

is to be used with a seed drill, it is turned on the Articulation points 47, 48 connected to the rotary harrow.

The seed drill 3 can also be connected directly to its articulation points 84, 86, 87 be connected to the three-point linkage of a tractor.

If the combination device is to be excavated, first the support wheels 58, 59 by extending the hydraulic cylinder 76 downwards in the dot-dash position moves. This is also due to the clutch over the handlebar 79 of the angle lever 78 counterclockwise in the dash-dotted line swiveled position drawn. Here, the upper link articulation part 22, the was used during the working position on the tower 13, 14 for pivoting released forward.

The lower links 17, 18 and thus the cultivator 1 be raised without this raising is hindered by the top link. at When driving over uneven ground, the slot in the eyelet 80c allows pivoting of the upper link part 22, so that the necessary relative height mobility between Tractor and device is given.

When assembling the combination device, the carrier 4 when the support wheels 58, 59 are in the transport position, they are parked on the floor and the supports 57 are pivoted downward, the plates 57a sinking in prevent into the ground. The cultivator is used to couple the cultivator 1 to the frame Transported by a tractor under the girder 4, the rear crossbeam 7 is inserted into the claws 56.

In this case, the ends of the longitudinal beams 50, 51 also get into the out the metal sheets 26, 27 and 28, 29 existing pockets. The fixation is then carried out by means of the bolt 55.

This creates the rigid coupling with the carrier, with four There are coupling points, namely two coupling points formed by the claws 56 and two through the pockets on the crossbeam 6. The power harrow 2 is with the The cultivator is expediently already connected before the cultivator is connected to the coupling the carrier 4 takes place.

The seed drill 3 can be attached at any time. Regarding the seed drill it should be mentioned that when lifting the implement the Chains 95, 96 are tensioned and so the pivoting path of the lower links 88, 89 after limit at the bottom so that the seed drill is also lifted off the ground.

The device according to FIG. 3 is to be described below as differences compared to the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 exist. There is a first difference in the means by which the upper link pivot point is made movable. To this For this purpose, according to FIG. 3, a component 100 is provided which can be pivoted about joints 101 and contains a series of holes 102. At the bottom hole 102 there is one overall hinged strut designated 103, which at 104 on the frame of the cultivator 1 ' is hinged.

The strut consists of a tube 103a and one that can be pushed into the tube Rod 103b, but the insertion path is limited by a nut 104, which comes to rest on the left end of the tube 103. One inside the tube 103 arranged helical compression spring 105 tries to pull the rod 103 into the tube.

The working position of the swiveling component is shown in solid lines 100 shown. Pivoting to the right is not possible because this is due to the Nut 104 is prevented, so that with the top link pressure on the device can be exercised. When overwinding the force of the spring 105, however, there is pivoting to the front, e.g. in the dash-dotted position, which allows the necessary adaptation to the ground is given during transport trips.

Another difference is that there are no support wheels on the cultivator 1 ' are arranged. The support on the ground is provided solely by the work tools, in particular by the roller 36 of the power harrow 2. For the transmission of forces the rotary harrow is used as a whole with 106 designated device, which is fixed with the frame of the cultivator 1 'has connected sheets, the two rows of holes 107, the holes of the two rows being displaced relative to one another in terms of height are. Bolts are inserted through these holes at the desired height, where the top links 42, 43 of the power harrow 2 can come to rest. At this The spring 108 also shown in FIG. 3 operates in general not effective. However, one can also work with the device in such a way that the device 106 is ineffective, i.e. the locking bolts do not interfere with the top links come into contact. The spring 108, on the one hand on the power harrow 2 and on the other hand is attached to the frame of the cultivator 1 ', exerts a lifting force on the rotary harrow 2 because its line of action lies above the pivot point 32 of the upper link. It is also possible, in spite of effective stops in the device 106, the spring 108 on the device. In this case, the spring 108 cannot support lifting, since the lifting movement is limited by the stop.

There is also a difference in the attachment of the power harrows. While in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, both the lower links 43 as well as the top link 4f. are attached to the frame of the cultivator, is in the Device according to FIG. 3, the upper link 46 is connected to the frame 49 'at 114. To this For this purpose, special sheets are welded to the frame.

Another difference between the device according to FIG. 3 and the device 1 and 2 consists in that the seeder 3 to the frame 49 'of the Carrier 4 'is grown, while yes in the embodiment described above the seed drill is coupled to the vertically movable beam 61. To this end the frame 49 'has downwardly projecting components 109 with articulation points 110 for in this case kinked lower link 111. Here, too, as a turnbuckle trained top link 112 is hinged at 113 on the frame 49 '. Also here are Chains 96 'are provided, which are loose in the working position and in the transport position are excited.

Claims (27)

Combination device for soil cultivation Claims: 1. Combination device for tillage, with a front tiller (front unit) with Coupling devices for attachment to the three-point linkage of a tractor, one on the front unit resting on and detachably connected to this carrier with support wheels and a second device, which also has coupling devices that are connected to the The three-point linkage of a tractor will fit and be attached to these coupling devices is, characterized in that the carrier (4; 4 ') is rigid with the front device (1; 1 ') is connected and the support wheels (58, 59) are arranged on a carrier (4; 4') Lifting device (22) with actuating hydraulic cylinder (76) are seated. 2. Combination device according to claim 1, characterized by a middle one Device for crushing soil (2) (middle device) with the three-point linkage of a Tractor's matching coupling devices (40, 41, 45), which are connected via lower links (42, 43) and an upper link (46) with the entirety of the front device (1; 1 ') and carrier (49; 49 ') is detachably connected, and a spreader (3) (rear device), which has lower links (89; 111) and an upper link (85; 112) is connected to the carrier (4; 4 '). 3. Combination device according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower links (42, 43) of the central device (2) can be released directly on the front device (1; 1 ') and the upper link (46) also releasable on the front device (Fig. 1, 2) or but are releasably hinged to the carrier (4 ') (Fig. 3). 4. Combination device according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that that on the central device (2) from the rear accessible articulation points (47, 48) for a Three-point linkage are arranged. 5. Combination device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that that the carrier (4; 4 ') has two essentially horizontal bars (50, 51), which have a transverse distance from one another and at least at one point, preferably at the rear, are connected to one another by a cross member (52), which is preferably is designed as an upwardly curved arch. 6. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the carrier (4; 4 ') at a front pair of points and a rear Point pair is connected to the front unit (1; 1 '). 7. Combination device according to claim 6, characterized in that at least at the points of a pair of points, preferably the rear pair of points, claws (56) are arranged on the carrier (4; 4 '), the components, e.g. a crossbeam (7) of the frame (5) of the front device (1; 1 '), and preferably in the direction of travel are open. 8. Combination device according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that that at least at the points of a pair of points, preferably des front pair of points, a plug connection with socket pin (55) is arranged, preferably with horizontal socket pins running transversely to the direction of travel. 9. Combination device according to claim 8, characterized in that the plug connections have lead-in bevels, which preferably extend to the rear expand. 10. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that on the carrier (4; 4 ') in the area in front of its support wheels (58, 59) at least one, preferably two having a lateral distance from one another, Supports (57) are arranged with which the carrier (4; 4 ') can be supported at such a height is that its connection points with the connection points of the front unit (1; 1 ') are approximately at the same height. 1 1. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the upper link articulation point (24; 102) on the front device (1; 1 ') is horizontally movable relative to this and a locking device (80; 103) to cancel the mobility of the upper link pivot point (24; 102). 12. Combination device according to claim 11, characterized in that the upper link pivot point (24; 102) on a pivotably mounted part (22; 100) (Upper link articulation part) sits, its pivotability by contacting a stop (13, .14 '; 80c; 104) is limited. 13. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the lifting device for actuation is a double-acting Hydraulic cylinder (76) has both an active lifting and a active Lowering the support wheels (58, 59) relative to the carrier allows. 14. Combination device according to claims 12 and 13, characterized in that that the lifting device (62) via intermediate levers (79, 78) with a rod (80) is connected, which is articulated on the upper link articulation part (22) and when raised Support wheels pulls the upper link articulation part (22) into a locking position while With the support wheels (58, 59) lowered, the upper link articulation part from the rod (80) is moved into a release position in which the upper link articulation part (22) is freely pivotable is. 15. Combination device according to one of claims 13 and 14, characterized characterized in that the lifting device (22) between the bars (50, 51) of the Carrier (4; 4 ') is arranged. 16. Combination device according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized characterized in that the support wheels (58, 59) are pivotable about vertical axes (97) Trailing wheels are and that preferably in the raised position in the Working position vertical axes (97) are inclined, preferably from the front above to the rear down and so the support wheels (58, 59) are pivoted forward. 17. Combination device according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized characterized in that the support wheels (58, 59) are suspended from a transverse beam (61) are, which is pivotable about a pendulum axis (98), which is horizontal and in the direction of travel runs. 18. Combination device according to claim 17, characterized in that the crossbeam (61) in the raised position on the underside of the carrier (4; 4 ') is present. 19. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the front unit (1) has support wheels (11, 12), preferably two support wheels, which are preferably in the lateral end areas of the implement working width are arranged. 20. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that on the central device (2) a crumbling roller (36) following this is arranged, which preferably also serves as a floor support, the lifting movement of the central device (2) is limited relative to the carrier (4; 4 ') by stops, e.g. thanks to stop pins for the lower links that can be inserted at different heights (43) the attachment of the central device (2) (Fig. 3). 21. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the rear device (3) is attached to parts (91, 94) of the carrier (4) which can be raised together with the support wheels (58, 59) of the carrier (4) (Fig. 1, 2). 22. Combination device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that that the rear device (3) is attached to the frame (4 ') of the carrier (Fig. 3). 23. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that on the lower links (88, 89; 111) of the rear device (3) tension members (95, 96; 96 ') attack, preferably chains that are suspended from the carrier (4; 4') and which are only stretched in the transport position, and so the downward movement of the Limit lower links. 24. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized marked that behind the support of the wearer of the track eradicators are arranged. 25. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one tension spring (108) on the one hand on the central device (2) and on the other hand attacks on the front device (1 ') or on the carrier (4') and their line of action above the axis (32) about which the lower links (43) of the central device can be pivoted and thus exerts a lifting force on the central device (2). 26. Combination device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the front device is a cultivator (1; 1 ') or a disc harrow, the middle device (2) a rotary harrow or a milling machine or a vibrating harrow, and that The rear device (3) is a seed drill or a fertilizer spreader. 27. Combination device according to claim 26, characterized in that the front device (1; 1 ') a cultivator, the middle device (2) a rotary harrow and the The rear implement (3) is a seed drill.