DE3028003C1 - Device for distributing a gas arriving from a pipe over the cross section of a container - Google Patents
Device for distributing a gas arriving from a pipe over the cross section of a containerInfo
- Publication number
- DE3028003C1 DE3028003C1 DE19803028003 DE3028003A DE3028003C1 DE 3028003 C1 DE3028003 C1 DE 3028003C1 DE 19803028003 DE19803028003 DE 19803028003 DE 3028003 A DE3028003 A DE 3028003A DE 3028003 C1 DE3028003 C1 DE 3028003C1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- inlet pipe
- flow
- container
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
- F15D1/08—Influencing flow of fluids of jets leaving an orifice
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
- C01B21/24—Nitric oxide (NO)
- C01B21/26—Preparation by catalytic or non-catalytic oxidation of ammonia
- C01B21/28—Apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
- B01J2208/00823—Mixing elements
- B01J2208/00831—Stationary elements
- B01J2208/00849—Stationary elements outside the bed, e.g. baffles
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Verteilung eines aus einem Rohr ankommenden Gases auf den Querschnitt eines Behälters, dessen Durchmesser ein Vielfaches des Rohrdurchmessers beträgt, insbesondere zur Verteilung des Ammoniak/Luft-Gemisches bei der katalytischen Ammoniakoxidation.The invention relates to a device for distributing an incoming gas from a pipe to the Cross section of a container, the diameter of which is a multiple of the pipe diameter, in particular for the distribution of the ammonia / air mixture in the catalytic ammonia oxidation.
Zur großtechnischen Herstellung von Salpetersäure wird Ammoniak mit Luftsauerstoff katalytisch zu Stickoxid umgesetzt. Als Katalysator dienen Platinnetze. Die Reaktionstemperaturen liegen im Bereich von bis 960° C. Der Ammoniakoxidation ist ein Abhitzesystem zur Verv/ertung der beträchtlichen Reaktionswärme nachgeschaltet, im allgemeinen noch im gleichen Behälter.For the large-scale production of nitric acid, ammonia is catalytically converted with atmospheric oxygen Nitric oxide implemented. Platinum nets serve as a catalyst. The reaction temperatures are in the range of up to 960 ° C. The ammonia oxidation is a waste heat system for the utilization of the considerable Heat of reaction downstream, generally still in the same container.
Das Ammoniak/Luft-Gemisch gelangt im allgemeinen aus einem Rohr über eine Haube in einen zylindrischen Reaktorteil, in dessen oberen Teil die Platinnetze über den Gesamtquerschnitt des Behälters eingespannt sind. Die Haube besteht aus Erweiterungsteil — beispielsweise Kegel oder gewölbter Boden — und zylindrischem Übergangsteil.The ammonia / air mixture generally comes from a pipe via a hood into a cylindrical reactor part, in the upper part of which the platinum meshes over the entire cross-section of the container are clamped. The hood consists of an extension part - for example a cone or a curved base - and cylindrical transition part.
Es ist bekannt, daß eine gleichmäßige Anströmung des Netzpakets für eine gute Ausbeute förderlich ist. Eine gleichmäßige Eintrittsströmung in die Haube wird in allgemein üblicher Weise mit geeigneter Aufteilung des Krümmerquerschnitts durch Leitbleche erreicht.It is known that a uniform flow onto the network package is beneficial for a good yield. A uniform inlet flow into the hood is achieved in a generally customary manner with a suitable division of the manifold cross-section achieved by baffles.
Allgemein üblich ist es ferner, im zylindrischen Übergangsteil der Haube ein oder mehrere Lochbleche anzubringen. Sehr häufig werden am Haubeneintritt ein oder mehrere konzentrische Konen mit nach außen zunehmendem öffnungswinkel angebracht. Eine solche Konstruktion ist in dem US-Patent 35 97 166 beschrieben. Versuche mit derartigen Konen nach dem Stand der Technik haben jedoch gezeigt, daß hierbei in jedem Ringkanal ein Aufreißen der Strömung in Umfangsrichtung und eine Strömungszusammenlagerung auf l/3 bis 1A des Ringkanalumfangs mit der Folge eines strahlenartigen Strömungsaustritts am Ringkanalende eintreten.It is also common practice to attach one or more perforated plates in the cylindrical transition part of the hood. Very often one or more concentric cones with an opening angle increasing towards the outside are attached to the hood entry. Such a construction is described in US Pat. No. 3,597,166. Tests with such cones according to the prior art have shown, however, that in each ring channel the flow is torn open in the circumferential direction and the flow is concentrated on 1/3 to 1 A of the ring channel circumference with the consequence of a jet-like flow outlet at the ring channel end.
Auch der Einbau von Lochblechen im zylindrischen Übergangsteil — als alleinige Maßnahme oder in Verbindung mit Strömungsleitkonen im Erweiterungsteil — erwies sich als problematisch. Bei hinreichendem Versperrungsverhältnis wurde aufgrund des erzeugten Druckverlustes zwar eine gleichmäßige Lochdurchströmung erzielt, jedoch zeigte die Strömung eine starke Tendenz, sich in der Verzögerungszone stromabwärts vom Lochblech zu pulsierenden Strähnen zusammenzulagern und somit eine ungleichmäßige Momentan-Querschnittsbelegung mit lokalen Rückströmungen zu erzeugen. Dadurch kann im Falle der Ammoniakoxidation NO vor die Platinnetze zurücktransportiert und mit unverbranntem NH3 zu Stickstoff umgesetzt werden, so daß die Ausbeute an NO verringert wird.The installation of perforated sheets in the cylindrical transition part - as a sole measure or in Connection with flow guide cones in the extension part - turned out to be problematic. With sufficient Due to the pressure loss generated, the blocking ratio became a uniform flow through the hole achieved, however, the flow showed a strong tendency to move downstream in the deceleration zone from the perforated plate to be stored together to form pulsating strands and thus an uneven instantaneous cross-sectional occupancy to generate with local back currents. This can in the case of ammonia oxidation NO is transported back in front of the platinum nets and converted to nitrogen with unburned NH3, see above that the yield of NO is reduced.
Darüber hinaus haben Einbauten innerhalb der Haube wie z. B. Lochbleche den Nachteil, daß sie auf Temperaturen von 300 bis 500° C erwärmt werden und dabei als katalytisch wirkende Flächen die Vorverbrennung des NH3 zu Stickstoff ermöglichen. Außerdem kann sich auf derartigen Einbauten von den Netzen durch Rückströmung hochgewirbelter Platinstaub absetzen. In addition, internals within the hood such. B. perforated sheets have the disadvantage that they are on Temperatures of 300 to 500 ° C are heated and the pre-combustion as catalytically active surfaces of the NH3 to allow nitrogen. In addition, such internals can be affected by the networks settle platinum dust swirled up by the backflow.
Es war daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, zum einen die Durchströmung der Platinnetze möglichst gleichmäßig und rückströmungsfrei zu führen und zum anderen Einbauten in der Haube zuIt was therefore the object of the present invention, on the one hand, to flow through the platinum nets to be guided as evenly and backflow-free as possible and on the other hand to fixtures in the hood
so vermeiden.so avoid.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Eintrittsrohr mit einem konzentrisch angeordneten Innenrohr ausgestattet ist und im Kreisring zwischen Eintrittsrohr und Innenrohr Einbauten zur Erzeugung eines Dralles angeordnet sind.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the inlet pipe has a concentrically arranged Inner pipe is equipped and built-in fittings in the circular ring between the inlet pipe and the inner pipe Generating a twist are arranged.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt F i g. 1 im axialen Längsschnitt das Oberteil eines Ammoniak-Verbrennungsofens mit Einbau des erfindungsgemäßen Strömungsverteilers in schematischer Darstellung,An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. It shows F i g. 1 in axial longitudinal section the upper part of an ammonia incinerator with installation of the invention Flow distributor in a schematic representation,
F i g. 2 einen Querschnitt mit Draufsicht auf den Strömungsverteiler an der in F i g. 1 mit Schnitt a-a bezeichneten Stelle.F i g. FIG. 2 shows a cross-section with a top view of the flow distributor at the point shown in FIG. 1 with section aa designated point.
Die Gasströmung tritt in üblicher Weise über einen mit Leitblechen 9 versehenen Rohrkrümmer 8 und ein kurzes gerades Eintrittsrohr 1 in die Haube 2 und anschließend in den zylindrischen Reaktorteil ein. AmThe gas flow occurs in the usual way via a pipe bend 8 and 8 provided with guide plates 9 short straight inlet pipe 1 into the hood 2 and then into the cylindrical reactor part. At the
Haubenende sind die Pt-Netze 10 angebracht. Nach der Reaktion an den Pt-Netzen treten die heißen Gase in den mit der Haube über ein Flanschpaar verbundenen Abhitzeteil ti ein, von dem in F i g. 1 nur das obere Ende mit Beginn der Wandberohrung eingezeichnet ist, die zum thermischen Schutz des Behältermantels eingesetzt wird.The Pt nets 10 are attached to the end of the hood. After the reaction on the Pt networks, the hot gases enter the waste heat part ti connected to the hood via a pair of flanges, of which FIG. 1 only the top end with the beginning of the wall tubing is shown, which is used for thermal protection of the container jacket will.
Das Konzept des neuen Strömungsverteilers beinhaltet, durch Einbauten lediglich im kalten Eintrittsrohr 1 die Strömung bis zum Netz hin gewissermaßen fernzusteuern. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Strömung im Eintrittsrohr durch ein konzentrisches Innenrohr 3 unterteilt und der Außenstrom durch Einbauten 4 mit einem Drehimpuls versehen. Die Kombination von verdralltem Außenstrom mit axialer Kernströmung bewirkt, daß die Strömung sich an der Haubenwand stabil anlegt, ohne daß auf der Reaktorachse ein Rückströmgebiet ausgebildet wird.The concept of the new flow distributor includes built-in components only in the cold inlet pipe 1 to control the flow remotely, so to speak, all the way to the network. For this purpose, the flow in the Inlet pipe divided by a concentric inner pipe 3 and the external flow by internals 4 with provided with an angular momentum. The combination of swirled external flow with axial core flow causes the flow to be applied in a stable manner to the hood wall without entering the reactor axis Backflow area is formed.
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, zur Verdrallung des Außenstromes in den Kreisring zwischen Eintrittsrohr und Innenrohr einen Kranz von Leitschaufeln 4 zu legen.It has been found to be beneficial for twisting of the external flow in the circular ring between the inlet pipe and the inner pipe a ring of guide vanes 4 to place.
Der Anstellwinkel der Leitschaufeln gegenüber der Anströmrichtung sollte je nach öffnungswinkel der Strömung 30 bis 55° betragen. Um ein einseitiges Anlegen der Strömung an die Haubenwand mit Rückströmung auf der Haubengegenseite zu vermeiden, ist es zweckmäßig, daß das Eintrittsrohr unter Bildung einer Abrißkante 5 in den Behälter hineinragt. Anstatt die Kernströmung axial mit einem in Achsrichtung verlaufenden Wabenbündel gleichzurichten, kann man sie zur Stabilisierung alternativ auch mit einem leichten Drall versehen. Die dazu im Kernrohr statt der Gleichrichterwaben einzusetzenden Leitschaufeln dürfen dann nur einen Anstellwinkel von maximal 15° aufweisen, um Rückströmung auf der Reaktorachse zu vermeiden. Um das Verhältnis der Gasströme im Innenrohr und im Kreisring aufeinander abzustimmen, ist es notwendig, am Eintrittsende des Innenrohres einen Strömungswiderstand, z. B. ein Sieb, anzubringen.The angle of incidence of the guide vanes in relation to the direction of flow should be depending on the opening angle Current should be 30 to 55 °. A one-sided application of the flow to the hood wall with To avoid backflow on the opposite side of the hood, it is advisable that the inlet pipe is formed a tear-off edge 5 protrudes into the container. Instead of having the core flow axially with one in the axial direction To straighten running honeycomb bundles, they can alternatively be used for stabilization with a light Provided twist. The guide vanes to be used in the core tube instead of the rectifier honeycombs are allowed then only have an angle of incidence of a maximum of 15 ° in order to prevent backflow on the reactor axis avoid. In order to match the ratio of the gas flows in the inner pipe and in the circular ring to one another, it is necessary, at the inlet end of the inner tube, a flow resistance, z. B. a sieve to attach.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird für das Verhältnis der Durchmesser Innenrohr zu Eintrittsrohr 0,4 bis 0,7 gewählt. Der Abstand vom Ende des Innenrohres bis zum Ende des Eintrittsrohres sollte das 0,1- bis 0,5fache des Eintrittsrohrdurchmessers betragen. Dadurch wird vor dem Eintritt in die Haube eine Verzahnung von Kern- und Außenströmung bewirkt.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, for the ratio of the diameter Inner pipe to inlet pipe 0.4 to 0.7 selected. The distance from the end of the inner tube to the end of the The inlet pipe should be 0.1 to 0.5 times the inlet pipe diameter. This is before the Entry into the hood causes the core and outer flow to interlock.
Im Falle der katalytischen Ammoniakoxidation bestehen die Vorteile des Einbaues des erfindungsgemäßen Strömungsverteilers gegenüber dem Stand der Technik hauptsächlich darin, daß durch gleichmäßige und rückströmungsfreie Verteilung des Reaktionsgases auf die Platinnetze die Ausbeute gesteigert wird. Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt darin, daß durch Verzicht auf Einbauten im Haubenteil einerseits und Ausschaltung von Rückströmung andererseits Betriebsstörungen durch Rückzündungen vermieden werden.In the case of catalytic ammonia oxidation, there are the advantages of incorporating the invention Flow distributor compared to the prior art mainly in that by uniform and backflow-free distribution of the reaction gas to the platinum gauzes, the yield is increased. A Another advantage is that by doing without internals in the hood part on the one hand and switching off on the other hand, operational disruptions due to backfiring can be avoided by backflow.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803028003 DE3028003C1 (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1980-07-24 | Device for distributing a gas arriving from a pipe over the cross section of a container |
| AT81105206T ATE4289T1 (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1981-07-04 | DEVICE FOR DISTRIBUTING A GAS COMING FROM A TUBE TO THE CROSS-SECTION OF A CONTAINER. |
| EP81105206A EP0044973B1 (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1981-07-04 | Device for the distribution to the cross-section of a receptacle of a gas flowing from a tube |
| DE8181105206T DE3160702D1 (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1981-07-04 | Device for the distribution to the cross-section of a receptacle of a gas flowing from a tube |
| JP56107189A JPS5751106A (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1981-07-10 | Device for orienting gas conducted from conduit over tank cross-sectional surface |
| CA000382024A CA1173632A (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1981-07-20 | Apparatus for distributing a gas, coming from a pipe, over the cross-section of a vessel |
| US06/522,596 US4471821A (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1983-08-12 | Apparatus for distributing a gas, coming from a pipe, over the cross-section of a vessel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803028003 DE3028003C1 (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1980-07-24 | Device for distributing a gas arriving from a pipe over the cross section of a container |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3028003C1 true DE3028003C1 (en) | 1981-10-08 |
Family
ID=6107971
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803028003 Expired DE3028003C1 (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1980-07-24 | Device for distributing a gas arriving from a pipe over the cross section of a container |
| DE8181105206T Expired DE3160702D1 (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1981-07-04 | Device for the distribution to the cross-section of a receptacle of a gas flowing from a tube |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8181105206T Expired DE3160702D1 (en) | 1980-07-24 | 1981-07-04 | Device for the distribution to the cross-section of a receptacle of a gas flowing from a tube |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4471821A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0044973B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5751106A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE4289T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1173632A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3028003C1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3906075A1 (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1990-08-30 | Soehlbrand Heinrich Dr Dipl Ch | METHOD FOR THERMALLY TREATING SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE SAME |
| DE3940035A1 (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1991-06-06 | Rosemount Gmbh & Co | Gas mixing by vortex prodn. - esp. for mixing reactive gases in chemiluminescence detection device |
| DE4111606C1 (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1992-08-06 | Axel Dipl.-Ing. 3340 Wolfenbuettel De Struck | Fluid flow distribution with flow obstacles - which deflect as diffusion two part-flows orthogonally to total flow direction |
| FR2756498A1 (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 1998-06-05 | Babcock Entreprise | Catalytic reactor for exothermic gas phase reactions |
| EP1028089A1 (en) * | 1999-02-11 | 2000-08-16 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Oxidation of ammonia with lower N2O formation |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5006131A (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1991-04-09 | Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation | Apparatus for production of synthesis gas using convective reforming |
| US5181937A (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1993-01-26 | Stone & Webster Engineering Corp. | Apparatus for production of synthesis gas using convective reforming |
| EP0227807B1 (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1991-11-21 | Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation | Production of synthesis gas using convective reforming |
| JP2637119B2 (en) * | 1987-11-12 | 1997-08-06 | バブコツク日立株式会社 | DeNOx reaction equipment |
| US5358698A (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1994-10-25 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Apparatus for dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene |
| GB9901680D0 (en) * | 1999-01-26 | 1999-03-17 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Apparatus for introducing fluid into a stream |
| BR0008820A (en) * | 1999-03-08 | 2001-12-18 | Koch Glitsch Inc | Apparatus for distributing fluid streams within a vessel, and method for distributing one or more streams of fluid within a vessel |
| US6762335B1 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2004-07-13 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Apparatus for dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene |
| FR2824280B1 (en) * | 2001-05-04 | 2003-09-05 | Total Raffinage Distribution | DEVICE FOR THE HOMOGENEOUS DISPENSING OF A FLUID IN A SPEAKER AND USES THEREOF |
| DE10148926A1 (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-17 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Distribution structure used in low temperature fuel cells comprises a reaction zone and a feed channel running conically on the reaction zone and containing devices to deviate the flow |
| US7032894B2 (en) * | 2001-11-05 | 2006-04-25 | Corning Incorporated | Flow distributor for monolith reactors |
| DE10219747B4 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2005-06-23 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | A method for preventing re-ignition in a mixture flowing to a reaction space and a reactor for carrying out the method |
| WO2007066142A1 (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2007-06-14 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Gas distributor |
| GB0608927D0 (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2006-06-14 | Accentus Plc | Catalytic Reactor |
| EP2384812A3 (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2011-12-21 | CompactGTL plc | Rapid reactions in a compact catalytic reactor |
| DE102010008209A1 (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2011-08-18 | Daimler AG, 70327 | Catalytic burner |
| US8734728B2 (en) | 2011-06-20 | 2014-05-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | NH3 oxidizer gas distributor |
| US9409124B2 (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2016-08-09 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Flow control grid |
| CN114061182A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-18 | 开利公司 | Pipeline assembly and refrigerating system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE572614C (en) * | 1930-09-25 | 1933-03-18 | Hans Elfeldt | Process for carrying out catalytic gas reactions |
| US2438242A (en) * | 1943-05-15 | 1948-03-23 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Catalytic reactor |
| US3479146A (en) * | 1966-10-28 | 1969-11-18 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Fluid flow distributor |
| US3597166A (en) * | 1968-12-18 | 1971-08-03 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Ammonia burner flow distributor |
| US3685971A (en) * | 1970-07-06 | 1972-08-22 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Flow distributing apparatus |
| US3713588A (en) * | 1970-11-27 | 1973-01-30 | Gen Motors Corp | Liquid fuel spray nozzles with air atomization |
| DE2160372C3 (en) * | 1971-12-02 | 1975-07-17 | 1000 Berlin | Device for even flow through a tube bundle heat exchanger |
| US3917173A (en) * | 1972-04-21 | 1975-11-04 | Stal Laval Turbin Ab | Atomizing apparatus for finely distributing a liquid in an air stream |
| FR2235274B1 (en) * | 1973-06-28 | 1976-09-17 | Snecma | |
| DE2439144C3 (en) * | 1974-08-14 | 1979-04-05 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Device for distributing flowing media from a flow cross-section to a different flow cross-section |
| DE2536353A1 (en) * | 1974-08-16 | 1976-02-26 | Monsanto Co | SPINNING METHOD AND DEVICE |
| US4126539A (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1978-11-21 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method and arrangement of apparatus for hydrogenating hydrocarbons |
-
1980
- 1980-07-24 DE DE19803028003 patent/DE3028003C1/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-07-04 AT AT81105206T patent/ATE4289T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-07-04 DE DE8181105206T patent/DE3160702D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-07-04 EP EP81105206A patent/EP0044973B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-07-10 JP JP56107189A patent/JPS5751106A/en active Granted
- 1981-07-20 CA CA000382024A patent/CA1173632A/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-08-12 US US06/522,596 patent/US4471821A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| NICHTS ERMITTELT * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3906075A1 (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1990-08-30 | Soehlbrand Heinrich Dr Dipl Ch | METHOD FOR THERMALLY TREATING SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE SAME |
| DE3940035A1 (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1991-06-06 | Rosemount Gmbh & Co | Gas mixing by vortex prodn. - esp. for mixing reactive gases in chemiluminescence detection device |
| DE3940035C2 (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1999-03-04 | Fisher Rosemount Gmbh & Co Ges | Device for mixing two reactive gas components in a chemiluminescence detection device |
| DE4111606C1 (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1992-08-06 | Axel Dipl.-Ing. 3340 Wolfenbuettel De Struck | Fluid flow distribution with flow obstacles - which deflect as diffusion two part-flows orthogonally to total flow direction |
| FR2756498A1 (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 1998-06-05 | Babcock Entreprise | Catalytic reactor for exothermic gas phase reactions |
| EP1028089A1 (en) * | 1999-02-11 | 2000-08-16 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Oxidation of ammonia with lower N2O formation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5751106A (en) | 1982-03-25 |
| EP0044973B1 (en) | 1983-07-27 |
| CA1173632A (en) | 1984-09-04 |
| US4471821A (en) | 1984-09-18 |
| JPH0240607B2 (en) | 1990-09-12 |
| ATE4289T1 (en) | 1983-08-15 |
| EP0044973A1 (en) | 1982-02-03 |
| DE3160702D1 (en) | 1983-09-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| D1 | Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81 | ||
| 8330 | Complete renunciation |