DE3022099A1 - Deposition welding on cylindrical bore of workpieces - using centrifugal force to hold filler powder in bore, and pyrometer for automatic process control - Google Patents

Abstract

A workpiece is clamped in the chuck of a driven headstock, which carries a ring receiving electric welding current from one pole of a power supply. The second pole of the power supply is connected to an electrode holder arm (I) which is mounted on a slide so the electrode can be moved towards or away from the bore of the workpiece, and its angle adjusted. The slide is mounted on a carrier which is driven by a spindle so arm (I) can be moved into and out of the workpiece. The spindle is also used to keep a photoelectric pyrometer coaxial with the electrode but on the outside of the workpiece. The pyrometer monitors the external temp. of the workpiece and adjusts the speed of the spindle, and also the speed of a screw feeder delivering an alloy filler powder to the welding zone. Piece is used e.g. for reinforcing or repairing steel bushes by deposition arc welding using centrifugal force. A uniform coating thickness is obtd. together with uniform penetration.

Description

33 549 p / hl

HOFFMANN ·· ' ΕΙΤ-Ϊ, Έ & PARTNER

PATENT LAWYERS DR. ING. E. HOFFMANN (1930-1976) - DiPL.-ING. W.EITLE DR. RER.NAT. K. HOFFMANN OIPL.-ING.W. LEHN j DIPL.-ING. K. FOCHSLE DR. RER. NAT. B. HANSEN | ARABELLASTRASSE 4 (STERNHAUS) D-8000 MÖNCHEN 81 TELEPHONE (089) 911087 TELEX 05-29Ä19 (PATHE) 5

Uralsky iiatichno - Issledovatelsky institut trubnoi
promyshlennosti - USSR, Chelyabinsk, USSR

Device for surfacing the cylindrical Internal surface of objects caused by arcing

The invention relates to arc welding

for depositing a weld metal and is suitable for |

the centrifugal application of melted by arcing "

zenen powdery hard alloys on the cylindri- '

see inner surface of steel objects, such as sleeves at f

their reinforcement or renewal. 't

To reinforce the work surfaces of steel objects- "? This proves their build-up welding under welding |

Use of powdered alloys as: especially | _f

effective because here any alloyability of the £

'% "■ on the welded metal by an additional entry i

different amounts of powdered alloy \

constituents in the input material is achievable. Jf

• I

It is already a device for centrifugal arc deposition welding of the cylindrical inner surface known from sleeves, which comprises a clamping and rotating mechanism for rotating the sleeve about its longitudinal axis, / which is composed of two hollow spindles ^ rotating in bearings, one of which is on the support for the f pre-chisel holder and the other on the headstock one ^ Lathe is attached.

At the ends of the spindles are flanges and a three-jaw chuck provided with extended jaws.

Two rotating current collectors of the same type are attached to the opposite ends of the spindles consist of a slip ring with brushes and an insulated brush holder on the bearing box.

There are two rod-shaped holes in the center bores of the spindles Electrode holder introduced, which two parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve and opposite each other wear arranged graphite electrodes with a drive for moving the electrodes parallel to the ■ Longitudinal axis of the sleeve are kinematically connected (see, e.g. Judin S.B. et al. "Zentrobeshnoje litjo", (centrifugal casting), Moscow, publishing house "Maschgis", 1962, p. 343).

The low labor productivity when applying a powdery hard alloy by welding on the known device is due to the fact that one is more indirect to melt an arc Effect served in which the metal on the cylindrical inner surface of the sleeve as a result of thermal radiation and convection of the arc is melted.

100051/033 *

For this reason, in the known device, because of the low intensity of the heating, the melting time of the input material considerable. This is particularly important when welding hard alloys in powder form a high melting point.

In addition, the known device has no means for adjusting the melting depth of the Base metal of the to be provided with the welding Object, whereby local unmelting of the welded covering with the base metal of the sleeve (especially at the ends of the sleeve to be welded on) as well as continuous burn-throughs of the sleeve wall.

Another device for surfacing the cylindrical inner surface of objects is also known by means of an arc with a clamping and rotating mechanism for rotating the object to be treated around the longitudinal axis its cylindrical inner surface, this work being connected to only one pole of the welding power source rotating pantograph is provided.

This device is also electrically connected to one The electrode holder connected to the other pole of the power source is provided with an electrode that is perpendicular to the inner surface of the object to be welded on and is arranged at adjustable angles of inclination of the electrode with respect to said surface.

The electrode is designed as a fusible wire, which is attached to the melting area by means of an on the electrode holder arranged drive is supplied for the supply.

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The screw metering machine of the device is rigidly attached to the electrode holder and is self-propelled equipped.

§An the electrode holder are the drive for the Cylindrical inner surface of the object parallel displacement, displacement of the electrode as well as the drive for moving the electrode holder perpendicular to the cylindrical inner surface of the object kinematically coupled (they hey, e.g. catalog reference book "Swarotschnoje oborudowanije"

fr, - ■>

I « ({ Welding _{devices) t} Kiev, publishing house" tTaukowa dumka ", 1969, p. 264

I? to 267).

| i - In this known device, the applied

_it : Layer thickness when welding powdery alloys onto the cylindrical inner surface of objects

k not regulated.

I This is due to the fact that in the known device

I tion a change in the thickness of the layer to be applied

only by the relevant change in the supply rate I speed of the electrode wire is possible. At the

^ Application of powdery alloys by welding

I a powdery charge occurs as weld metal,

I which the welding area by means of the screw dosing

f |. machine is fed, the speed of which at the known

I ⁵ device is not set. In the event of a delay

Γ or acceleration of the parallel to the inner surface of the

⁶ object to be coated moving electrode holder

due to the voltage fluctuations within the supply current % circuit of the electric drive motors is therefore at

the supply of the constant amount of the powdery Alloy to the arc area an unevenly thick.

receive welded-on layer.

13ÖOI1 / O3H

302209S

In addition, the known device does not take care of the Regulation of the melting depth of the base metal of the to coating object.

In the case of the known device, the melting depth is determined of the base metal of the object according to the characteristics of the welding process. When there is a change the welding conditions caused by a change the welding speed, the arc voltage and the welding current strength, the depth of melting also fluctuates of the base metal of the object, which deteriorates the quality of the melted coating.

For example, by deepening the melting through of the base metal of the object mixes the weld metal with the base metal and dilutes it with it, whereby the chemical composition of the applied layer as well as the property of the the welding applied metal layer changes considerably.

The present invention is based on the object of providing a device for surfacing the cylindrical To create the inner surface of objects by means of an electric arc, in which a regulation of the migration speed of the arc as well as the feed speed of a powdery alloy to the arc area depending on the intensity of the heating of the object to be welded on is provided, whereby a uniformly thick, applied by welding layer and a uniform Melting depth of the base metal of the object is ensured.

This is achieved in that the device for surfacing the cylindrical inner surface of objects

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- β by arc with a clamping and rotating mechanism to the | Rotating the object about the longitudinal axis thereof zyllndri- b shear inner surface provided with a one to the pole |

the welding power source connected to the rotating p

Pantograph is provided, while to the other pole |

an electrode holder with an electrode electrically f is switched, which is perpendicular to the inner surface of the I

welding object arranged at adjustable angles of inclination of the electrode with respect to the inner surface 'JList, where on the one with the drives for the migration : · - -'-; of the electrode parallel and perpendicular to the inner surface

- The object to be welded on is kinematically coupled ^ - Γ-electrode holder a screw metering machine with a , / • ■ self-propulsion is rigidly attached, according to the invention '; - 'is provided with a photoelectric pyrometer, ■ which is to be coated on the side of the outer surface of the- |

. ? the object is arranged coaxially with the electrode - / - "/. to keep the said coaxiality constant during surfacing with the drive for the:

'7ΛΧΣ. Inner surface of the object parallel displacement "/ the electrode is kinematically coupled and connected to the electrical

motor of the drive for the inner surface of the object. · ^; : 'the parallel movement of the electrode and the electric motor ■ of the drive for the screw tail machine is electrically switched.

The invention is explained below by means of the description of a specific exemplary embodiment the accompanying drawing, in which the inventive device for surfacing the cylindrical Inner surface of objects by arcing with partial cuts through the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical inner \ area is shown schematically.

The device for overlay welding the cylindrical inner surface of objects comprises a clamping and rotating mechanism 1 for clamping and rotating the object around the longitudinal axis of its cylindrical inner surface, which consists of an electric motor 2, a belt drive 3 and a gearbox 4 with one therein introduced shaft 5 composed.

At the end of the shaft 5 sits a three-jaw chuck 6 with extended jaws 7 for the arrangement and clamping of the _; Item 8.

On the shaft 5 of the frame 1 for gripping and rotating the object 8 is located a circumferential current collector, -the consists of a ring 9, which is rigidly secured to the shaft 5 and a movable contact, brushes 10 bored which immobile within a are arranged on one of the poles of a welding power source 12 by means of a cable 13 connected housing 11.

The second pole of the welding power source 12 is means a cable 14 with an electrode holder 15 with a Electrode 16 electrically connected, which is perpendicular to the inner surface of the to be coated by welding Object 8 is attached and to change its angle of inclination with respect to the inner surface of the object 8 able.

The electrode holder 15 is on a carriage 17 in this way attached that it can change its length and thereby a change in the angle of inclination of the electrode 16 with respect to the inner surface of the object 8 guaranteed.

The carriage 17 is with a drive for the hike

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302209

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the electrode 16 is kinematically connected perpendicular to the surface of the object 8 to be coated by welding. It consists of an electric motor 18 _; which is connected to a transmission 20 by means of a clutch 19. This allows the spindle 21 to be rotated and the carriage to move thanks to the spindle nut 22.

The carriage 17 is based on a portable -p '. , ~, 'Lower part 23 from, dciS with the drive for the migration ^ * -., The electrode 16 parallel to the surface of the; lj r . Subject 8 is kinematically connected. This drive 'fr, -r consists of an electric motor 24 via a coupling

ftf

'ζ - 25 is connected to a gearbox 26 through which

'</. ches turned the screw 27 in the nut 28 and that

'· Λ' movable lower part 23 together with the Schiit-

'p. 'th 17, the electrode holder 15 and the electrode 16 in parallel

,

»Γ

iel for the inner surface to be coated by welding of the object 8 is moved.

The screw metering machine, which consists of a bunker 29, an electric motor 30 and a rotating in a channel 32 Assembled screw 31 is rigidly attached to the electrode holder 15.

The photoelectric pyrometer 33 is coaxial with the electrode 16 through the spindle 27, the spindle nut 34 and the drive for the inner surfaces of the object 8 to be welded on, parallel displacement of the electrode 16 along the outer surface of the by welding to coating object 8 arranged movably.

The electrical output of the photoelectric pyrometer 33-is to the winding 35 of the electric motor 24 of the

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drive for the inner surface of the to be welded Object 8 parallel displacement of the electrode 16 and to the winding 36 of the electric motor 30 of the Connected screw dividing machine.

The device works as follows: The object 8 to be coated by welding, which is inserted into the chuck 6 and clamped with the help of the extended jaws 7 is driven by the electric motor 2 and the belt drive 3 rotated. Before doing this, the electrode 16 is brought into its starting position.

The electrical current is conducted via the cables 13, 14 with the aid of the brushes 10 and the slip ring 9 and the electrode 16 via the electrode holder 15 the item 8 to.

An arc is ignited between the electrode 16 and the inner surface of the rotating object 8.

From the bunker 29 v / ird by means of the electric motor 30 set in rotation worm 31 via the channel 32 the welded-on area a powdery alloy fed, and you actuate the displacement of the electrode parallel to the surface of the to be welded Object 8 with the electric motor 24 via the gear 26, the spindle 27, the spindle nut 28, the movable Lower part 23 and the electrode holder 15.

The photoelectric pyrometer 33 moves through the Spindle nuts 34 and the spindle 27. '

In the course of the build-up welding, the equiaxed of the photoelectric pyrometer 33 and the electrode are maintained, since they are

13 0051/0334

instinct are displaced,

To set the required distance between the electrode end 16 and the inner surface to be welded on of the object 8 (for example when replacing the object or when the electrode is consumed) The displacement of the electrode 16 takes place in a vertical direction Direction to the inner surface of the object 8 to be welded by means of the electric motor 18 via the , Gear 20, the spindle 21, the spindle nut 22, the Carriage 17 and the electrode holder 15.

The photoelectric pyrometer 33 ensures that the speed of the electrode 16 is regulated during its displacement parallel to the inner surface of the object 8 to be welded on and for the supply of the powdery Alloy to the arc area by applying it to the excitation windings 35, 36 of each of the electric motors 24 iund 30 acts. For example, when the intensity of the heating decreases, the outer surface of the object 8 at the point of the arc fire at the exit of the photoelectric pyrometer 33 a lower potential generated. This electrical potential is fed to the excitation windings 35, 36 of the electric motors 24 and 30, respectively. which then rotate at a slower speed, which also reduces the speed of the arc when it is displaced parallel to the inner surface of the object 8 to be welded on and consequently a reduced amount of the powdery alloy being supplied to the arc region

pulls. This increases the temperature of the

weld alloy to be deposited and the base metal of the object 8.

The device allows the speed of the arc travel as well as the speed of the feed

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tion of the powdery alloy to the arc area to be regulated depending on the degree of heating of the object 8.

As a result, a uniformly thick, welded-on layer and a uniformly deep melting of the base metal of the object 8 are achieved.

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Claims (1)

HOFJF ¹ MANN '''3EITL] S "&! PARTNER 3022099 PATENT LAWYERS DR. ING. E. HOFFMANN (1930-1976) D! PL .-! NG. W.EITLE DR. ÄER, NAT. K. HOFFMANN · DIPL..ING. W. LEHN DIPL.-INO. K. FOCHSLE DR. RER. NAT. B. HANSEN ARABEUASTRASSE 4 (STAR HOUSE). D-OOOO MÖNCHEN 81 - TELEPHONE (089) 911087. TELEX 05-29419 (PATHE) 33 549 p / hl , Ί: - ■> üralsky nauchno-Issledovatelsky institut trubnoi - ■ ''' promyshlennosti - USSR, Chelyabinsk, USSR Device for overlay welding of the cylindrical inner surface of objects by arc Claim Device for overlay welding the cylindrical inner surface of objects, containing a work for ■ Clamping and rotating the object around the longitudinal axis of its cylindrical inner surface, a rotating current collector for the work to clamp and rotate the. Object around the longitudinal axis of its cylindrical inner surface, 'a welding power source, one pole of which is connected to the rotating Current collector is electrically connected, 'an electrode holder that connects to the other pole of the The welding power source is electrically switched, 'An electrode that is in the electrode holder perpendicular to the inner surface of the to be coated by welding Object is arranged and which is able to change its angle of inclination with respect to this inner surface, 302209 Drives for moving the electrode parallel and perpendicular to the inner surface of the by welding coating object, which are kinematically coupled to the electrode holder and a self-propelled screw metering machine, which is fixedly attached to the electrode holder, thereby characterized in that it is provided with a photoelectric pyrometer (33) which runs along the outer surface of the object (8) to be welded on, coaxial with the electrode ., (16) arranged to be movable, to keep the uniformity constant during the build-up welding with the drive for the parallel to the inner surface of the object (8) Kinematically coupled displacement of the electrode (16) and with the electric motor (24) of the drive for the displacement parallel to the inner surface of the object (8) the electrode (16) and the electric motor (30) of the drive for the screw metering machine are electrically connected is. V? I