DE3021883A1 - HYDRAULIC CONVERTER - Google Patents

Description

Hydraulic converter

The invention relates to a hydraulic converter, wel- I

rather on the primary side with a hydraulic motor and on the secondary side f

is equipped with a hydraulic pump. j

The hydroscatic machines for energy transfer realized by circuits in the same direction generally represent two types of basic systems. These circuits often there is a requirement that hydraulic machines _to-f | to be able to control at least their speed or direction of movement. For hydraulic machines with a straight 1

Stroke should often be both characteristic values "arge $" at the same time

rectilinear movement rearranged or changed v / ground |

can. In the case of rotary hydraulic machines, the angular velocity should I

speed or the direction of rotation or both of the same

can be changed. With the current state of the hydro- |

static technology, these can be transferred to the controller

made demands in the case of closed circles-> -

run through stepped or stepless reversal of the |

volumetric characteristics of the pump or motor

solves v / earth. A solution is also known in which wel- |

rather the volumetric parameters of the pump and the i

Motors can be controlled at the same time. |

the controllability of the volume-invariable pump J

realized by changing the speed by the f

Angular velocity or the speed of the ^! rectilinear movement is changed. There is also
the possibility of changing the direction of rotation or
the direction of movement by means of a to change the
Flower characteristics serving mechanism by using

Displacement machines remove the drive element from their |

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displacement terms beyond the zero point into the negative ücellung is adjusted - The change in the direction of rotation or the direction of movement can usually be adjusted with slide valves, shut-off valve systems and, in some cases, by reversing the direction of the external pump drive can be achieved. Since the speed changes due to changes in the specific volume parameters take place, there are generally good efficiencies in a closed circuit.

In the case of open circuits - with a constant flow rate - the speeds are grounded by using variable throttling changed; as a result, the efficiency of these systems is low. Controlling the change the direction of movement takes place - similar to closed circuits - by using slide control valves or shut-off valve systems, more rarely by reversing the external pump drive.

Both systems have the same disadvantage that when they are in operation a pump, the simultaneous parallel operation of a plurality of mutually independent control elements only with the help of other special elements that enable this operating mode and with the use of Flow deflectors, flow stabilizers and the like can be made possible. Because of this, this becomes System too cumbersome and very complex.

The invention eliminates these shortcomings of the known System eliminated and a hydraulic converter created, in which with simple technical means the path and quantity control is implemented and its control device also enables the pressure

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integrate limiting and flow rejection functions,

The invention provides a hydraulic converter with a primary-side hydraulic motor and a secondary-side hydraulic pump created. According to the invention, the output shaft of the primary-side hydraulic motor and the drive shaft are the secondary-side pump coupled to one another in a torsionally rigid manner and at least one of the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump formed hydromachines is in their geometric Adjustable working volume.

The quantity control is carried out according to the invention by changing the volume parameters. Through this the previous open cycles or partial cycles can be converted into closed cycles, which means the energy loss of the system is reduced to a minimum. There is a proportionality in operation between changes in working volumes and those in oil production.

The hydrostatic used as a motor or pump according to the invention Machines preferably work according to the positive displacement principle. In the zero position of the drive element the displacement elements, the liquid pumping is zero. If the drive element goes beyond the zero position in the negative position is shifted, so the liquid is conveyed in the opposite direction, and although the delivery rate is changed proportionally to the adjustment of the drive member. In this way the direction reversal occurs and the desired speed is set proportionally to the adjustment of this drive element.

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In an advantageous embodiment of the invention is the hydraulic motor on the primary side and / or the secondary side Hydraulic pump as a vane machine with in the eccentricity or formed radially to the rotor adjustable stator ring.

Another advantageous possible embodiment results from the design of the primary-side hydraulic motor and / or the secondary hydraulic pump as an axial piston machine with a swash plate that can be adjusted in its angular position.

Another advantageous embodiment is the form Design of the primary-side hydraulic motor and / or the secondary-side hydraulic pump as a radial piston machine, their rotor to which the two hydraulic machines couple Shaft is attached and the piston driving stator ring set in its eccentricity to the rotor can be.

It is also possible to use these individual embodiments to combine with each other, e.g. by using a hydraulic motor designed as a vane machine designed as an axial piston machine hydraulic pump is coupled according to the principle of the invention.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that both hydraulic machines are designed as vane machines, the primary-side hydraulic motor an inner-vane rotor, and the secondary-side hydraulic pump have an outer-vane rotor and a Common to them stator ring is arranged radially between them, which is opposed by an adjusting device two rotors that are rigidly connected to one another can be adjusted.

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The trained according to the invention hydraulic f

Converter is much more advantageous than the previous one |

known constructions, because the two setting options f

, i.e. the setting option for the primary-side |

Hydraulic motor and the one for the secondary hydraulic pump, I

allow a much larger control range and | at the same time those associated with a throttling, for example

noticeable energy losses are eliminated. I.

By applying the invention there is the possibility / + -

a central pump without a flow distribution valve also in E

to be able to apply such cases, in which at the same time ε

several independent working bodies operated by U

and should be regulated separately. If several hy- U

Hydraulic converters connected in series on the primary side ψ

ΐ sub-cycles that are separate from one another can be used in this way will be realized.

For speed control with closed circuit JE

The application of the hydraulic converter is economical— ε

borrowed cheaper than using adjustable motors |

or pumps. The hydraulic converter is equipped with a ₃

Volume-resistant pump and designed with a motor. ^

In the case of the hy- \

hydraulic converter, the change or setting

* Development of the work area geometry mechanically, electrically,

hydraulically, pneumatically or manually
be performed.

Some exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in FIGS
Drawings can be seen and are explained below.
In the zelciinu * ig shows:

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Fig. 1 shows a hydraulic converter according to the invention with hydraulic machines designed as vane machines,

2 shows a hydraulic converter according to the invention with hydraulic machines designed as axial piston machines,

3 shows a hydraulic converter according to the invention with hydraulic units designed as radial piston machines. machinery,

4 shows a further embodiment of the hydraulic Converter according to the invention, its hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump both as hydrostatic vane machines are formed with rotors lying one inside the other, and

5 shows the section of the hydraulic converter from FIG. 4 according to the section line drawn there A-A.

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DCl UCJ- ilU3i.UlU.UIltjOi.UJ.JII UCO Lly ΚΛί. CXlX JL J-Ol ^ lXdI UIUVVCXlllX-l-CL. O liauil

1 shows the hydraulic motor 1 on the primary side and the secondary side Hydraulic pump 2 similar to vane machines with the rotors 3, 6, the radially displaceable in these Wings 8 and the ones that cooperate with them for their railing, stator rings 4, 5 arranged eccentrically to the respective rotor 3, 6. The hydraulic motor 1 and the hydraulic pump 2 or its rotors 3, 6 are coupled to one another via a common shaft 7. At this The volume parameters of the hydraulic engine are the embodiments 1 and the hydraulic pump 2 by adjusting the stator

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5- »e

rings 4, 5 radially to their rotor 3, 6, that is, by distribution the eccentricity. Suitable adjustment devices are known per se, so that they are not explained further here. The hydraulic motor 1 is via a central pump - in not shown in the drawing - driven.

The rotor 6 of the hydraulic pump 2 is driven by the rotor 3 of the hydraulic motor 1 via the shaft 7. From the hydraulic pump 2, the actuating member or actuating device (not shown in the drawing) connected to the hydraulic circuit is hydraulically driven.

In the embodiment from FIG. 2, both the hydraulic motor 1 and the hydraulic pump 2 are designed as hydraulic axial piston machines with the swash plate 28, the axial piston 23 and a common shaft 25 coupling their rotors 24. The change in the respective working volume is carried out on both sides by adjusting the angle of the respective swash plate 28 by means of the actuator 29, which is driven by the respective control unit 21 . Depending on the actuator 29 that is actuated, the angular position of the associated swash plate 28 changes and this changes the geometric working volume on the primary side and / or the secondary side of the hydraulic converter.

The primary side is in this embodiment as Energy converter designed with the same direction of flow. Under the effect of the flow in the same direction the working fluid, the rotor 24 of the hydraulic motor 1 is set in rotation via its piston 23, so that the secondary side, that is to say the pump rotor, is driven via the common shaft 25. Through this

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a certain amount of liquid is released from the secondary side conveyed at a certain pressure through the distributor unit 26 arranged centrally between the hydraulic machines. The pressure and the volume of the pumped liquid are proportional to the quotient from the geometric working volumes of the primary side and the secondary side.

The secondary-side energy converter is reversible, so that it is possible to vary the delivery rate of the working fluid in both delivery directions between To be able to change zero and the maximum values continuously.

In the embodiment of the hydraulic converter Fig. 3 are both the primary-side hydraulic motor 1 and the secondary-side hydraulic pump 2 is designed as a coaxial radial piston machine, which via a common shaft 34 are coupled and between which a central distribution unit is used. In the embodiment shown are the radial pistons 36 as radial bores that form in the cylinder and are seated on the common shaft 34 Rotors 35 slidable balls formed; however, they can also be used in the usual way as cylinder slides or the like be carried out. The pistons 36 are supported on the circular stator rings 37, which are relative to the respective rotor 35 to change their respective eccentricity to the shaft 34 with the aid of the only sehematically actuators 32 shown are adjustable. The actuators 32 are each provided with a control unit 31 tied together. The hydraulic converter is closed at both ends by cover 33, in which the Shaft 34 is rotatably mounted and which with the housing rings surrounding the stator rings 37 of the hydraulic machines

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38 and one arranged axially between the two hydraulic machines, common to them distribution unit 39 are combined to form a compact structural unit.

The mode of operation of this embodiment is completely identical to that of the embodiment with axial piston machines » The difference is that in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 due to the alternative movement S of the actuator 32 the eccentricity between the respective rotor 35 and its stator ring 37 is changed, whereas, according to FIG. 2, the position of the swash plate 28 is adjusted.

A hydraulic converter can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, in which the hydraulic motor 1 as well as the hydraulic pump 2 are both designed as vane-cell machines which are inserted radially into one another. The primary-side hydraulic motor 1 has an annular rotor 47 with radially inwardly directed blades 50, which interact with the radial outer side of a stator ring 48 inserted into the annular rotor 47, which at the same time serves as the outer stator of the hydraulic pump 2, the stator ring 48 arranged inside the stator ring 48 Rotor 49 is equipped with blades 51 directed radially outward. The rotor 47 of the hydraulic motor 1 and the rotor 49 of the hydraulic pump 2 are firmly connected to one another by means of the common end disk 43. Depending on the eccentricity of the stator ring 48 common to the motor 1 and the pump 2, there is a certain fluid throughput on the primary side for driving the rotor 47 of the motor 1 via the rotor blades 50 or on the secondary side a certain conveying volume through the blades 51 of the Pump 2 pumped liquid.

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In this embodiment, the eccentricity of the stator ring 48 int relation to the concentric rotors 47, 49 can be adjusted with the aid of the actuator 45 / that of the common control unit 41 is driven and controlled. In this embodiment it is thus possible that to change primary-side and secondary-side geometric working volume of both hydraulic machines at the same time. Through this, there is no possibility that the primary-side and secondary-side geometric working volume is changed at the same time the change in direction of rotation.

The invention is not restricted to the embodiments shown and described. In particular, can be given in Cases the primary side can be executed differently from the secondary side. In particular, also presents the following Embodiment is a favorable solution in certain cases: the hydraulic motor is used as an axial piston machine with an invariable Developed working volume, whereas the hydraulic pump as a vane machine with variable Volume of work is designed. Obviously, other combinations of the types of execution can also be known Hydro machines are used.

The hydraulic converter designed according to the invention can be used with advantage in the currently widespread use hydraulic systems.

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Claims (5)

I. J sr ·· ···· PAf EN-TANWÄLTE- - '*' · "·· * VIERlNG & JENTSCHURA Authorized representative at the European Patent Office Dipl.-Ing. Hans-Martin Viering - Dipl.-Ing. Rolf Jentschura - Steinsdorfstrasse 6 - D-8000 Munich Attorney File 3692 June 11, 1980 DANUVIA Központl Szerszam- es Keszülekgyar Budapest / HUNGARY Hydraulic converter PATENT CLAIMS Hydraulic converter with a primary-side hydraulic motor and a secondary-side hydraulic pump, thereby characterized in that the hydraulic motor (1) is on the output side and the hydraulic pump (2) coupled to one another on the drive side in a torsionally rigid manner (shaft 7, ki, 34; coupling disc 53), and that the hydraulic motor (1) and / or the hydraulic pump (2) as a hydraulic machine with adjustable Work volumes are / is trained. 2. Hydraulic converter according to claim 1, characterized in that that at least one of the hydraulic machines formed by the hydraulic motor (1) and the hydraulic pump (2) is designed as a vane machine, whose with the vanes (8) of the rotor (3, 6) together- ^{I / w} 130041/0757 ~ ² ~ Steinsdorfslraße 6 Telex: 5 212 306 jepa d Postscheck Munich 30S7 28-801 D-fl0OO Münchon 27 ΓαΙ < > υ '»min: Slolnpal Munich Diiyorlsdio Vorolnobnnk Münchon 567 695 Telephone: (0 89) 29 34 13 Tolokopierer: (0 09) 222 066 Raltfelsenbank Munich 032 18 18 (0 89) 29 34 14 (Siemens CCITT Norm Group 2) Deutsche Bank Munich 2 711 687 • O 1 acting stator ring (5) is adjustable radially to the rotor (Fig. 1). 3. Hydraulic converter according to claim 1, characterized that at least one of the hydraulic machines formed by the hydraulic motor (i) and the hydraulic pump (2) is designed as an axial piston machine with adjustable oblique shoulder {28} {Fig. 2). 4. Hydraulic converter according to claim 1, characterized in that that at least one of the hydraulic machines formed by the hydraulic motor (1) and the hydraulic pump (2) is designed as a radial piston machine, which interacts with the piston (36) of the rotor (35) Stator ring (37) is adjustable in its eccentricity with respect to the rotor. 5. Hydraulic converter according to claim 2, characterized that the hydraulic motor (1) and the hydraulic pump (2) are designed as vane machines, wherein the hydraulic motor (1) has an inner-wing rotor (47) and an inner stator ring (48) inserted in this, which at the same time has the outer stator ring of the outer-wing rotor (49) of the hydraulic pump (2) forms and opposite the concentrically arranged, via a clutch disc (43) interconnected rotors {47, 49) of the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump is adjustable (Fig. 4, 5). 130041/0757