DE3016817A1 - High strength gas turbine rotor - has ceramic blades extending radially inward from cylindrical metal rotor body wall and radially outward stator blades - Google Patents

High strength gas turbine rotor - has ceramic blades extending radially inward from cylindrical metal rotor body wall and radially outward stator blades

Info

Publication number
DE3016817A1
DE3016817A1 DE19803016817 DE3016817A DE3016817A1 DE 3016817 A1 DE3016817 A1 DE 3016817A1 DE 19803016817 DE19803016817 DE 19803016817 DE 3016817 A DE3016817 A DE 3016817A DE 3016817 A1 DE3016817 A1 DE 3016817A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
blades
gas turbine
rotor
hollow cylinder
impeller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19803016817
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hans-Peter Dipl.-Ing. 4800 Bielefeld Böddeker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOEDDEKER HANS PETER DIPL ING
Original Assignee
BOEDDEKER HANS PETER DIPL ING
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BOEDDEKER HANS PETER DIPL ING filed Critical BOEDDEKER HANS PETER DIPL ING
Priority to DE19803016817 priority Critical patent/DE3016817A1/en
Publication of DE3016817A1 publication Critical patent/DE3016817A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/03Annular blade-carrying members having blades on the inner periphery of the annulus and extending inwardly radially, i.e. inverted rotors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/28Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/284Selection of ceramic materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

The gas turbine rotor has high mechanical strength at elevated temp. so that it can be run at higher temp. and/or speed than hitherto used. It comprises a hollow metal cylinder (1) having high temperature-resistant ceramic rotor blades (2) (e.g. in silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride etc.) secured on its inner wall so that the blade tips point radially inward. The stator blades (4) point radially outward and are fixed on a stator ring concentrically arranged within the rotor. The outer wall of the rotor provides the bearing surface for bearings (3) arranged in the turbine housing and is provided with seals (5) and external teeth (6) to transmit the developed power.

Description

Gasturbinenrotor mit extrem hoher Warmfestigkeit. Gas turbine rotor with extremely high heat resistance.

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gasturbinenrotor mit extrem hoher Warmfestigkeit.The invention relates to a gas turbine rotor with extremely high heat resistance.

Der Wirkungsgrad einer Gasturbine ist um so höher Je häher die Warmfestigkeit der verwendeten Werkstoffe ist. Einen guten Uberblick ber den Stand der Technik bei der Verwirklichung von Gasturbinenrotoren mit hoher Warmfestigkeit kann man finden bei P.Walzer et al in MTZ-Motortechnische Zeitschrift- 37(1976)11+12, Seit 479-489,525-529 und bei.Siebmanns inBerichte der Deutschen Keramischen Gesellschaft Band 55(1978) Nummer8 Seite 406409.The higher the heat resistance, the higher the efficiency of a gas turbine of the materials used. A good overview of the state of the art in the realization of gas turbine rotors with high heat resistance one can found in P. Walzer et al in MTZ-Motortechnische Zeitschrift- 37 (1976) 11 + 12, page 479-489,525-529 and at.Siebmanns in reports of the German Ceramic Society Volume 55 (1978) number 8 page 406409.

Aus diesen zwei Beispielen ist zu ersehen, daß es bisher nicht gelungen ist, Gasturbinen zu konstruieren, die einen höheren Wirkungsgrad haben als entsprechende Dieselmotoren oder Dampfturbinen. Besonders problematisch ist es, Gasturbinenrotoren hoher Wnrmfesti gkeit zu entwickeln.From these two examples it can be seen that it has not yet succeeded is to design gas turbines that are more efficient than equivalent Diesel engines or steam turbines. It is particularly problematic in gas turbine rotors high heat resistance.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Gasturbinenrotor mit hoher Warmfestigkeit äls bei bisherigen Gasturbinen zu erstellen.The invention is based on the object of having a gas turbine rotor to create higher heat resistance than in previous gas turbines.

Die Aufgabe wird e r f i n du n g s m ä ß å g d a d u r c h g e l ö s t , daß das Laufrad aus Metall (1) als ein Hohlzylinder ausgebildet ist, und daß auf dem Innenmantel des Hohlzylinders die Laufradschaufeln (2) aus Hochtemperaturkeramik (zum Beispiel SIC, SI3N4,BN) angebracht sind. Bei bisherigen Konstruktionen sind die Schaufelfllße außen auf dem Laufradzylinder befestigt, und die Enden der Schaufeln zeigen in Richtung des Gehäuses. Bei dieser Konstruktion sind die Schaufel füße auf dem Hohlzylinderinnenmantel befestigt, und die Enden der Schaufeln zeigen in Richtung der Hohlzylindermittellinie. Die feststehenden Leitschaufeln des Stators (4) sind so angebracht wie bei bisherigen Konstruktionen die Laufschaufeln. Der Außenmantel des Hohlzylinders dient zur Lagerung (3) des Laufrades, zur Ableitung des Drehmomentes (6) und zur Kilhluneg des metallischen Hohlzylinders.The task will be f i n u n g s m ä ß å g d a d u r c h g e l ö s t that the impeller made of metal (1) is designed as a hollow cylinder, and that on the inner jacket of the hollow cylinder, the impeller blades (2) made of high-temperature ceramic (for example SIC, SI3N4, BN) are attached. In previous constructions are the vane rivers attached to the outside of the impeller cylinder, and the ends the The blades point in the direction of the housing. In this design are the shovel feet attached to the hollow cylinder inner jacket, and the ends of the blades show in the direction of the hollow cylinder center line. The fixed guide vanes of the stator (4) are attached in the same way as the rotor blades in previous designs. Of the The outer jacket of the hollow cylinder is used for bearing (3) the impeller, for discharge of the torque (6) and the Kilhluneg of the metallic hollow cylinder.

Diese Konstruktion eines Gasturbinenrotors hat folgende Vorteile: - Die Keramik, die bei bisherigen Konstruktionen in Folge der Zentrifugalkraft hauptsächlich auf Zugkraft beansprucht wurde, ist bei dieser Konstruktion nur noch auf Druckkraft hauptsächlich beansprucht. Bekanntlich ist die Druckfestigkeit von allen Keramiken wesentlich höher als ihre Zugfestigkeit. Es ist mit dieser Verbundkonstruktion eine werkstoffgerechte Beanspruchung von Metall und Keramik verwirklicht. Die Keramik wird hauptsächlich beansprucht auf Druckspannung bei hohen Temperaturen und die Metallteile hauptschlich auf Zugspannung bei niedrigen Temperaturen. Die Keramik dient außerdem als Wärmeisolator, um die niedrigen Temperaturen des Metallhohlzylinders zu ermöglichen.This construction of a gas turbine rotor has the following advantages: - The ceramic, which in previous constructions mainly as a result of centrifugal force was subjected to tensile force, in this construction is only dependent on compressive force mainly used. As is well known, the compressive strength of all ceramics much higher than their tensile strength. It is one with this composite construction Material-appropriate loading of metal and ceramics realized. The ceramics is mainly subjected to compressive stress at high temperatures and the Metal parts mainly on tensile stress at low temperatures. The ceramics also serves as a heat insulator to keep the low temperatures of the metal hollow cylinder to enable.

- Deswegen ist eine höhere maximale Prozeßtemperatur und eine höhere Laufraddrehzahl als bisher möglich.- That is why there is a higher maximum process temperature and a higher one Impeller speed than previously possible.

- Die Schaufelbefestigung ist ohne scharfe Kerben realisierbar.- The shovel attachment can be realized without sharp notches.

- Die Keramikgeometrie ist einfacher und hat kleinere Abmessungen als bisher, was zu homogeneren Keramiken mit besseren Weibullfaktoren fahrt und was außerdem die Thermoschockstabilität der Keramik erhöht.- The ceramic geometry is simpler and has smaller dimensions than before, which leads to more homogeneous ceramics with better Weibull factors and which also increases the thermal shock stability of the ceramic elevated.

- Jedes Keramikteil ist vor dem Einbau zerstörungsfrei auf Homogenitat prüfbar, was den Weibullfaktor weiter verbessert.- Each ceramic part is non-destructive for homogeneity before installation testable, which further improves the Weibull factor.

- Es lassen sich auch Keramiken einsetzen, die nur große Druckfestigkeit haben und deren Zugfestigkeit sehr klein ist.- Ceramics can also be used that only have high compressive strength and whose tensile strength is very small.

Al Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung habe ich eine Curtisturbine genommen. Es sind als Ausführungsbeispiele dieser Erfindung auch andere Turbinenlaufradarten (zum Beispiel nach Laval,Zoelly und Parson) denkbar. Die Zeichnung {Figur 1) soll nur zur Erläuterung des Prinzips der Erfindung dienen.As an exemplary embodiment of the invention, I have used a Curtis turbine. There are other types of turbine impellers as embodiments of this invention (for example according to Laval, Zoelly and Parson) conceivable. The drawing (Figure 1) should serve only to explain the principle of the invention.

Wichtige Einzelteile des Ausführungsbeispiele sind: (1) Laufrad, (2) Laufradschaufeln, (3) Laufradlagerung, (4) Stator zur Leitradbefestigung, (5) Dichtungen, (6) Zahnrad. Die mechanische Energie könnte wegen der hohen Drehzahl des Rotors auch mit Reibrad oder elektromagnetisch durch Induktion günstig abgeführt werden. Die optimale Anordnung, Auswahl und Dimensionierung der Dichtungen, Lagerungen und anderen Details muß durch Versuche und je nach Anwendungszweck festgelegt werden.Important individual parts of the exemplary embodiment are: (1) impeller, (2) Impeller blades, (3) impeller bearings, (4) stator for stator attachment, (5) seals, (6) gear. The mechanical energy could be due to the high speed of the rotor can also be removed favorably with a friction wheel or electromagnetically by induction. The optimal arrangement, selection and dimensioning of the seals, bearings and other details must be determined by experiment and depending on the application.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch. Claim. Gasturbinenrotor mit extrem hoher Warmfestigkeit d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Laufrad aus Metall (1) a]s ein Hohlzylinder ausgebildet ist, und daß auf dem Innenmantel des Hohlzylinders die Laufradschaufeln (2) aus Hochtemperaturkeramik (zum Beispiel SIC,SI3N4,BN) angebracht sind. Bei bisherigen Konstruktionen sind die Schaufel füße außen auf dem Laufradzylinder befestigt,-und die Enden der Schaufeln zeigen in Richtung des Gehäuses. Bei dieser Konstruktion sind die Schau fel füße auf dem Hohlzylinderinnenmantel befestigt, und die Enden der Schaufeln zeigen in Richtung der Hohlzylindermittellinie. Die feststehenden Leitschaufeln des Stators (4) sind so angebracht wie bei bisherigen Konstruktionen die Laufschaufeln. Der Außenmantel des Hohlzylinders dient zur Lagerung des Laufrades, zur Ableitung des Drehmomentes und zur Kühlung des metallischen Hohlzylinders.Gas turbine rotor with extremely high heat resistance d a d u r c h g e It is not shown that the impeller is made of metal (1) and is a hollow cylinder is, and that the impeller blades (2) on the inner surface of the hollow cylinder High-temperature ceramics (for example SIC, SI3N4, BN) are attached. With previous Constructions, the blade feet are attached to the outside of the impeller cylinder, -and the ends of the blades point in the direction of the housing. With this construction The blade feet are attached to the inner shell of the hollow cylinder, and the ends of the blades point in the direction of the hollow cylinder center line. The fixed ones The guide vanes of the stator (4) are attached as in previous designs the blades. The outer jacket of the hollow cylinder is used to support the impeller, to derive the torque and to cool the metallic hollow cylinder.
DE19803016817 1980-05-02 1980-05-02 High strength gas turbine rotor - has ceramic blades extending radially inward from cylindrical metal rotor body wall and radially outward stator blades Withdrawn DE3016817A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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DE19803016817 DE3016817A1 (en) 1980-05-02 1980-05-02 High strength gas turbine rotor - has ceramic blades extending radially inward from cylindrical metal rotor body wall and radially outward stator blades

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE19803016817 DE3016817A1 (en) 1980-05-02 1980-05-02 High strength gas turbine rotor - has ceramic blades extending radially inward from cylindrical metal rotor body wall and radially outward stator blades

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DE3016817A1 true DE3016817A1 (en) 1981-11-05

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0104413A1 (en) * 1982-09-01 1984-04-04 Christian O. Schön Single or multi-stage high performance rotary machine for aggressive or hot fluids
EP0173803A1 (en) * 1984-09-05 1986-03-12 Latimer N.V. Fluid engine
FR2684149A1 (en) * 1991-11-27 1993-05-28 Jeumont Schneider Bearing, particularly for pump or turbine
GB2554477A (en) * 2016-09-23 2018-04-04 Intelligent Power Generation Ltd An axial turbine
GB2572360A (en) * 2018-03-27 2019-10-02 Intelligent Power Generation Ltd An axial turbine

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0104413A1 (en) * 1982-09-01 1984-04-04 Christian O. Schön Single or multi-stage high performance rotary machine for aggressive or hot fluids
EP0173803A1 (en) * 1984-09-05 1986-03-12 Latimer N.V. Fluid engine
FR2684149A1 (en) * 1991-11-27 1993-05-28 Jeumont Schneider Bearing, particularly for pump or turbine
GB2554477A (en) * 2016-09-23 2018-04-04 Intelligent Power Generation Ltd An axial turbine
GB2554490A (en) * 2016-09-23 2018-04-04 Intelligent Power Generation Ltd An axial turbine
GB2554490B (en) * 2016-09-23 2019-02-20 Intelligent Power Generation Ltd An axial turbine
RU2751085C2 (en) * 2016-09-23 2021-07-08 Интеллиджент Пауэр Дженерейшн Лимитед Axial turbine
GB2572360A (en) * 2018-03-27 2019-10-02 Intelligent Power Generation Ltd An axial turbine
GB2572360B (en) * 2018-03-27 2020-04-08 Intelligent Power Generation Ltd An axial turbine

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