DE29801681U1 - Ceramic firing tray - Google Patents

Description

Abs.: Andreas Häßler, DipSl .JT n« . '»(M )J· Yes

45, 89155 Erbach

BY REGISTERED MAIL

To the

German Patent Office

Zweibrückenstrasse 12

Erbach, 12.01.98

80331 Munich 2

Ceramic firing tray

The invention relates to ceramic firing supports, in particular those made of silicon carbide.

It is based on patent application No. 197 13 562.5 with additional application in which cooled metal stands are equipped with ceramic firing trays. It also suggests how such a tiered shelf construction is designed so that it can be automatically loaded and unloaded with molds.

The object of the invention is to provide mold carriers which can be centered in such a way that automatic loading and unloading of the same is possible with minimal dimensional tolerances.

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Abs.: Andreas Häßler, Digfi «-fng .\{f «5; Jfchttitl-aße 45, 89155 Erbach

The transfer of moist, deformable shapes should be made possible in a reliable manner so that gripper systems can be largely dispensed with.

The focus here is on a construction with freely cantilevered mold supports as shown in Fig. 2, which allows the molds to be transferred onto them by reaching underneath and lifting or setting them down and is suitable for high outputs.

The lateral deviation of the mold supports from the intended position within the rack structure would make loading and unloading the fixed racks impossible. The square or rectangular tube profiles usually used for firing racks are not well suited to solving the problem, as tolerances must be maintained at the clamping points, which would then lead to lateral deviations of such mold supports.

According to the state of the art, firing racks are formed from cross-arranged, preferably SiC rods, in several levels one above the other.

They are used, for example, for firing sanitary ceramics and are usually loaded by hand.

Such constructions are not suitable for the mass production of building ceramic products such as bricks or roof tiles, as their operation can only be carried out automatically. Attempts are currently being made to manage the production of building ceramic mass products using single-layer firing units, e.g. roller kilns or rod grate kilns (Mori). Two or three such roller conveyors are also arranged one above the other in order to limit the space required.

The idea behind the invention, however, is to exploit a greater combustion chamber height and the formation of a higher number of groups of moldings arranged one above the other in tiers, which do not load each other vertically and are freely surrounded by gas on molding supports, placed, dried and fired.

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- Sheet 3 -

Abs.: Andreas Häßler, Dijfl. r'Iog ..*T.Ftf%, JaT>i>s"t«raße 45, 89155 Erbach

The concept of the invention is illustrated as an embodiment in the attached Figures 1 to 4, but is not limited thereto.

It shows:

Fig. 1: A molding carrier (1) according to the invention with a molding (2) standing thereon, shown in perspective with inclined bearing (4).

Fig. 2: Stand (5) with mold carrier (1) and moldings (2) arranged in groups thereon, whereby the mold carriers (1) protrude freely on both sides and are clamped in the middle area in the stand (5).

Fig. 3: Shows, as an example, the section of a stand (5) with a molded support (1) inserted through it, on which cross bars (7) are arranged in a rake-like manner to accommodate flat roof tiles, lying lengthways or crossways on it.

Fig. 4: Shows the paired mounting of two preform supports (1) on a support section (5), whereby the angular contact bearings (4) are shown with a flatter support angle.

Fig. 5: Shows a molding carrier (1) according to the invention with a support surface open at the top, to which crossbars (7) can be attached or inserted. Either continuous on both sides (as shown) or, for example, inserted on one side. J/ ^J '

- Sheet 4 -

Abs.: Andreas Häßler, Di^l 5-Iog·· · (f H>| •JaflliiftViaße 45, 89155 Erbach

The molding supports (1) according to the invention are particularly suitable for fastening to the internally cooled and externally thermally insulated metallic stands (5).

In the illustrated Fig. 1, the molding carrier (1) shown has a support groove (6) on its support side for the moldings (2) for better water evaporation or degassing.
Several such support grooves (6) can also be arranged.

The blank supports (1) are held by the inclined supports (4) and are thus automatically centered, so that misalignment is avoided.

The support angle must not be kept too steep in order to allow for centric deflection in the event of different expansions of the molded supports (ceramic) and inclined supports (4) (metallic), so that the abutment forces A + B do not become too large.

The sloping flanks (3) of the mold supports (1) in Fig. 4 have a flatter angle of inclination approx. when arranged in pairs to the support center. There (9) indicates an upper abutment to prevent the mold supports from tipping over if there is some play. In Fig. 2, the arrows represent the abutments (9) and sloping supports (4), which are arranged on a support that has, for example, approx. 10 levels one above the other, depending on the mold type and the oven height. The distances between the levels can be changed, as can the number of levels.

Horizontally, a number of supports (5) are combined to form a transport unit (carriage) at horizontal intervals depending on the requirements of the molding dimensions.

Larger moldings are placed on two or more molding carriers.

- Sheet 5 -

- Sheet 5 -

Abs.: Andreas Häßler, Dipl. i-Ii>g _# . ; (f fi).,· JaJiOsVsaße 45, 89155 Erbach II »* » · » .* *..*

Fig. 3 shows the inventive concept of a molding carrier (1) on which ceramic cross bars (7) are arranged transversely to accommodate large-area moldings such as roof tiles or panels.

The cross bars can therefore be pushed through or attached to the molding support. This means that such moldings can be fired more quickly without the previously complex fireclay cassettes.

Depending on the practicality and/or the height of the combustion chamber, the supports (5) can be moved through the continuous furnace in a hanging or standing position or in stationary furnaces they can be arranged in the same way in a hanging or standing position in the furnace chamber, according to patent application 197 13 562.5

The firing material can be arranged standing or lying down, or even in an inclined position on the molding supports (1) according to the invention, and depending on the size on one or more molding supports (1). With cross bars (7), the same form rake-shaped supports, which according to Fig. 3 and 5 are particularly suitable for plate-shaped moldings such as large-area roof tiles. Such rake-shaped supports can also be designed in steps and are particularly suitable for pressed roof tiles. For automatic loading and unloading, gaps are left between adjacent cross bars so that loading and unloading rakes can be used between them, for the preferably automatic transfer of the moldings from and to the shelves.

The molding supports according to the invention are also suitable as heat carriers for other types of furnaces such as belt furnaces, circular ring furnaces for heating and cooling metallic and/or ceramic heat materials, e.g. for circular ring-shaped furnaces with one-sided or two-sided clamping of the molding supports (1), so that they can be reliably kept at a distance from one another in the horizontal direction.

This makes it possible to heat the oven chamber from above and below.

- Sheet 6 -

Abs. Andreas Häßler, Dipi;-Ihg^*, ^^FH*;)*, _# tJaltn^f aJ3e 45, 89155 Erbach

(1) Mould carrier

(2) Mouldings (dried or wet)

(3) Inclined flanks

(4) Inclined supports

(5) metal stand

(6) Support groove

(7) Crossbar ceramic.

(8) Roof tile molding

(9) upper abutment

A + B = Abutment forces D + E = Loading directions

Claims (1)

Abs.: Andreas Häßler, Diji^-frig. .'CFH7, Jenne^raße 45, 89155 Erbach BY REGISTERED MAIL To the German Patent Office Zweibrückenstrasse 12 Erbach, 12.01.1998 80331 Munich 2 Expectations Claim 1 Ceramic firing tray (1) for cooled, metallic stands according to patent application 197 10 045.7 and for fastening thereto in tiers one above the other, characterized in that they have surfaces (3) inclined inwards or outwards, which engage in corresponding inclined support surfaces (angular bearings 4) in or on the stands (5) and rest thereon. Claim 2 Ceramic firing tray according to claim 1, characterized in that its cross section essentially forms a triangle, trapezoid or truncated cone with a hollow space. - Page 2 - Abs.: Andreas Häßler, Diel i-Ijfg- I (1&EEacgr;)., ^# JhbkeVvaße 45, 89155 Erbach Claim 3 Ceramic firing tray according to claim 1+2, characterized in that they have groove-like depressions (6) on their upper side. Claim 4 Ceramic firing tray according to claims 1-3, characterized in that crossbars (7) are attached to, passed through or inserted into the tray in a rake-like manner. Claim 5 Ceramic firing trays according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the cross bars are arranged such that they have a different height level among themselves, and if necessary also to the upper edge of the support bars (1) themselves. Claim 6 Ceramic firing supports according to claims 1-5, characterized in that they preferably consist of silicon carbide, and step-shaped support surfaces are created by applying lining parts to them and/or to the cross bars. _A