DE2946646A1 - Microorganism cultivation reactor - with alternate perforated plates, shell rings and stirrer blades - Google Patents

Abstract

Appts. for the cultivation of microorganisms on a nutrient granular medium consists of a vertical enclosed cylinder which is subdivided into sections by perforated plates. The plates are alternately designed as discs which leave an annular gap on the periphery or a bore in the centre, surmounted in each case by cylindrical shell rings. The stirrer blades on the former have a positive and those on the latter have a negative angle of curvature. This creates in each section the conditions for an intensive growth of microorganisms so that the productivity of the appts. is raised.

Description

DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to an apparatus for cultivating Microorganisms on a granular culture medium.

The invention preferably relates to the microbiological industry, However, it can be used with equal success in the food and medical industries, but also in agriculture for the recovery of waste from livestock farming according to biochemical technology, which consists in that from the Solid components of waste one consisting of fungal meshes or bacteria Biomass is grown and as a result of a microbiological synthesis under aerobic Conditions, the initial composition of the waste changes fundamentally, so that a product useful for practical use is obtained.

At present, for the cultivation of microorganisms, e.g. variously designed apparatus and systems are used in agriculture.

Regardless, the problem is the cultivation of microorganisms on the basis of agricultural waste is far from being resolved. The organic Components of the solid constituents contain compounds that are difficult to oxidize characterized by increased moisture and depend on the composition of the Ration. Depending on the size of the stalls, the waste becomes periodic or uninterrupted fed. Therefore, strict requirements are placed on the design of the apparatus the transport, the loosening, the ventilation and also the cultivation method posed.

It is an apparatus for the cultivation of microorganisms on granular Culture medium known (see SU-PS No. 120202, 539939), the from a vertical installed container, which is vertically through perforated shelves in Sections is divided and the one loading and one unloading window as well paddle agitators and located on the drive shaft in each section Has nozzles for the supply and discharge of a gas stream. Everyone punched The intermediate floor of the device (in accordance with SU-PS 120202) is hermetically attached to the housing and has a sectional breakthrough, with all breakthroughs lying one above the other offset to one another in a helical line, whereby the further movement of the granular nutrient medium from one section to the other by means of paddle agitators is guaranteed. The transport of the nutrient medium by continuous pushing However, using the blades of the agitators can suppress the development of the microorganisms. This is reinforced by the fact that the breeding ground at its locomotion traverses a path that corresponds to the mean circumference of the perforated Equal intermediate floors and is mixed in the process. In addition, the simultaneous Rotation of all agitators and the constant dimensions of the sectional openings of the Operation of the apparatus with maximum productivity is made difficult by the perforation an additional channel for the passage of air is created, resulting in redistribution the air flows in the sections and reduce the effectiveness of the ventilation leads.

The invention is based on the object of an apparatus for cultivation of microorganisms to create on granular breeding ground in which the sections so it is stated that in each section the conditions for an intensive development can be created by microorganisms and thereby the productivity of the apparatus can be increased.

The object is achieved in that two the container (1) in sections (2) dividing types of perforated shelves are provided in the container are arranged alternately one above the other, one type in the form of discs (3) designed and installed in such a way that an annular gap (11) in Relation to the housing of the container (1) arises, which acts as a channel for the passage of the Medium in the section below, and the other type in the form of flat, is made hermetically attached to the housing of the container (1) rings (4) and the openings (13) of these rings form a channel for the passage of the medium into the Form axially below section and above each of these intermediate floors (3 and 4) a cylindrical shooting ring (14 and 15) is set up in each section forms a buffer for the medium, the blades of which are above the disk (3) attached blade stirring device (8) for the transport of the medium from the Intermediate storage for the annular gap (11) a positive angle of curvature have, while the blades of the blade stirring device arranged above the flat rings (4) (9) for the transport of the medium from the buffer to the opening (13) of the flat rings (4) are designed with a negative angle of curvature.

Such a structural design of the intermediate floors and agitator blades ensures minimal mechanical impact on the medium when it is being transported from one section to the other and during transport over the perforated shelves, which excludes mixing of the resulting product and intensive growth the microorganisms guaranteed.

The cylindrical weft rings placed over each false shelf allow the medium to be stored in each of the sections, creating conditions for the growth of microorganisms.

It is beneficial if the cylindrical shooting rings to create a Passage between the intermediate floor and the front end of the weft ring during transport of the medium can be moved vertically to the channels. This will create of devices with different technological operating modes, namely with periodic, cyclic and uninterrupted operation.

In addition, this allows the necessary dimensions of the passage cross-section when pouring the product from the intermediate storage depending on the Growth rate of the microorganisms can be created.

It is beneficial if every disc and every flat ring are made of one is formed from three parallel plates, the top and lower plate is perforated and the middle plate is closed and the plates with a gap are attached to each other and thereby form chambers into which There must be nozzles for the supply and discharge of a gas flow. By such a Arrangement ensures stable ventilation of the culture layer from above and below Supply of an air flow through the lower and upper plate guaranteed.

It is useful if the attached over the washers and flat rings Paddle mixers have individual coupling devices with the drive shaft. With such a design, a periodic and a cyclic one can be created in each section Cultivation process can be created.

For the distribution of the nutrient medium in the intermediate storage, it is advisable to additional blades on the drive shaft at the level of the upper edge of the shooting rings to fix.

It is also useful to have the cylindrical shooting rings with seals to provide an airtight seal of the intermediate storage. By such a Design becomes the ventilation process with uninterrupted cultivation of microorganisms, but also stabilized with periodic and cyclical operation of the apparatus.

In this way, the apparatus enables solid components to be recycled of waste from livestock stalls through microbiological cultivation under aerobic conditions. It is expedient to use the apparatus in the technological equipment of cattle sheds incorporate, which contributes to the solution of a complex problem in agriculture.

Recycling the waste can increase the number of livestock and partly the problem of environmental protection and the rational use of the environment be solved.

In addition, arises from the cultivation process after the microbiological one processing a product that, thanks to its nutritional value, can be used as a feed additive in livestock or can be used as a highly effective fertilizer.

In the drawing is an embodiment of an apparatus for Cultivation of microorganisms shown on granular nutrient medium. Show it: 1 shows the apparatus for cultivating microorganisms in a schematic representation in longitudinal section; FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II-II according to FIG. 1; Fig. 3 a section along the line III-III of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 shows component A in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale; FIG. 5 shows component B in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale; FIG. FIG. 6 shows component C in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale; FIG. Fig. 7 shows the seal of Disc of the paddle agitator in relation to the weft ring and the flat ring in longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale; 63 shows a section along the line VIII-VIII according to FIG. 1; 9 shows the attachment of the agitator blades in a longitudinal section, in an enlarged view Scale; 10 shows a section along the line X-X according to FIG. 9; 11 shows a section along the line XI-XI of FIG. 1; 12 shows a section along the line XII-XII according to FIG. 1; 13 shows the attachment of the hub of the additional blades, partly in FIG Longitudinal section.

The apparatus for cultivating microorganisms on granular nutrient medium, e.g. on waste from cattle breeding, consists of a hermetically sealed container 1 (Fig. 1), which is set up vertically and alternately attached in height by two Types of perforated shelves divided into 2 sections, one type in the form of disks 3 and the other is designed in the form of flat rings 4.

There is a loading window in the upper part of the container 5 and a drive device 6, and in the lower part (on the floor) - an unloading window 7th

In the sections 2 above the discs 3 and the flat rings 4 are Shovel stirring devices 8 and 9, which are mounted on a drive shaft 10 are mounted, which is arranged axially in the container 1 and by the drive device 6 is set in rotation.

The disks 3 (FIG. 2) are provided with an annular space 11 attached in relation to the housing of the container 1 and mounted on a support 12, which represents a beam with an annular cross-section, wherein the annular gap 11 a channel for the passage of the mass to be cultivated into the one below Section forms.

The flat rings 4 (Fig. 1) are of any known type Method hermetically attached to the housing of the container 1.

Their openings 13 form a channel for the passage to be cultivated Mass in the axially lower section of the container.

Above each disc 3 and each flat ring 4 is a cylindrical one Firing ring 14 or 15 set up.

The disk 3, together with the firing ring 14, forms an intermediate store 16 with a cylindrical shape for the resulting certificate. The flat ring 4, the Firing ring 15 and the housing of the container 1 form a buffer 17 with ring-shaped, cylindrical shape for the resulting product.

Each shooting ring 14 is with the help of a support 18 (Fig. 3) on one movable member 19 of a lifting device 20 (a hydraulic or pneumatic Cylinder), which is arranged on a support 21 attached to the housing of the container 1 is attached and is by a sealing ring 22 (Fig. 4) which is in a hub 23 of a ring 24 attached to the housing of the container 1 lies in relation to the housing of the container 1 and by a sealing ring 25, which is in the at the bottom of the Shooting ring 14 is attached hub 26, in relation to the disc 3 (Fig. 5) sealed.

Each weft ring 15 (Fig. 1) is attached to the housing of the container 1 by bars 27 attached, which rest on a plate 28 on the movable member of a Lifting device 20 a, attached to the housing of the container analogously to the lifting device 20 is.

The weft ring 15 is in relation to the drive shaft 10 by an in a hub 30 of a weft ring attached to the upper edge of the weft ring 15 (FIG. 1) 31 located sealing ring 29 (Fig. 6) and in relation to the flat ring 4 by a Sealing element 32 (Fig. 7) sealed.

Thanks to the attachment of the shooting rings 14 (Fig. 1) and 15 on movable These firing rings can be divided into the lifting devices in the vertical direction move to create a passage between the false floor (i.e. the disc 3 and the flat ring 4) and the edge of the weft ring for a transport of the resulting Product from the intermediate stores 16 and 17 to the annular intermediate space 11 or to opening 13.

Each disc 3 is made up of one of three parallel plates 33, 34 and 35 existing set formed hermetically on concentrically attached rings 36 and 37 are attached, the plates 33 and 35 have a perforation 38, while the plate 34 is closed (i.e. with no perforation).

Each flat ring 4 also consists of three parallel plates 39, 40 and 41, which are hermetically attached to concentrically mounted rings 42 and 43 are, the plates 39 and 41 have a perforation analogous to the perforation 38, while the plate 40 is closed.

The plates 33, 34 and 35 are attached with a space between them and form chambers 44 and 45 into which nozzles 46 open.

The plates 39, 40 and 41 are also with one between them arranged intermediate space and form chambers 47 and 48, in the nozzle 49 are introduced.

The nozzles 46 and 49 serve to supply and discharge a gas flow (e.g. from air), the nutrient medium located in the storage tanks from above and below ventilated. In addition, there are additional nozzles 50 for the inlet and outlet in each section of the gas flow, which ensures rapid growth of the microorganisms will.

The paddle agitators fitted over the disks 3 and the flat rings 4 8 and 9 have individual coupling devices with the drive shaft 10. So are the blades of the blade stirring devices 8 (Figs. 2 and 8) on a hub 51 attached with wedges 52 (Fig. 9 and 10) with wedges 5 a movable the shaft 10 is connected with the aid of a spring 55 mounted hub 54. The hub 54 has grooves 56 in which rollers 57 are accommodated. Any role 57 is mounted on a fork 58 which is on the movable member of a lifting device 59 is attached (a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder). The lifting device 59 is mounted on an abutment 60 fastened to the ring 37.

The movement of the hub 51 on the shaft 10 upwards is through a with a pin 62 attached to the shaft 10 ring 61 limited. The hub 51 has a sealing ring 63 arranged between it and the ring 37 of the disk 3.

The blades of the blade stirring device 9 (Fig. 11) are on the Washer 65 attached cross members 64 attached. The disk 65 has pockets 66 on to the product from the buffer 17 in the channel and an between the disk 65 and the ring 43 attached seal 67 (Fig. 7) to pour.

The blades of the blade stirring device set up above the discs 3 8 (Fig. 1) are, as shown in Fig. 2 and 8, for the transport of the nutrient medium from the buffer 16 to the annular gap 11, with a positive one Curvature angle designed, while the blades of the erected over the flat rings 4 Shovel agitator 9, as shown in Fig. 11 and 12, for transportation of the nutrient medium from the intermediate Memory 17 to the openings of the flat rings 4 have a negative angle of curvature.

On the drive shaft 10 (Fig. 1) are approximately at the level of the upper Edge of the cylindrical shooting rings 14 and 15 additional blades 68 and 69 for the distribution of the nutrient medium in the intermediate stores 16 and 17 attached. the Blades 68 and 69 are fixed in a hub 70, which with the shaft 10 with the help a wedge 71 (Fig. 13) is connected.

In the lower part of the container 1 (Fig. 1) is above the unloading window 7 a conical funnel 72 in which a stirring device is housed. The blades 73 of the agitator are equipped with scrapers 74 that a enable quick removal of the product from the container.

The mode of operation of the apparatus for cultivating microorganisms on granular culture medium is the following: The culture medium inoculated with microorganisms is done after sterilization and within the limits of preservation of pourability Humidification through the loading window 5 located in the container 1 in the upper one Section 2 poured where the buffer 16 is located. The breeding ground fills gradually this intermediate storage 16, the rotating blades 68 the nutrient medium Distribute over the entire volume of the intermediate store 16.

After the specified storage time, the nutrient medium is transported from the upper section to the section below at through the movable one Member 19 of the lifting device 20 with raised firing ring 14 and switched on paddle stirring device 8. The paddle stirring devices 8 and 9 are switched on by inserting them of the wedges 53 (Fig. 9) in engagement with the wedges 52 by movement of the movable Link of the lifting device 20 and 20 a together with that in the groove 56 of the Hub 54 located roller 57 upwards.

Push the rotating blades of the blade stirring device 8 (Fig. 1) then the nutrient medium from the disk 3 to the resulting one Passage between the weft ring 14 and the disk 3.

The paddles turn the nutrient medium into a ring-shaped space 11 is transported and falls through the space in the section below the flat ring 4 and fills the intermediate store 17 there.

When the reservoir 17 is full, the blades 69 distribute the nutrient medium over the entire volume of the intermediate store 17.

After the specified storage time of the nutrient medium in this section has elapsed it will move into the section below with the cylindrical firing ring raised 15 and switched on blade stirring device 9 relocated. The blades of the paddle agitator 9 push the nutrient medium from the flat ring 4 towards the resulting passage between the shooting ring and the flat ring 4 and to the opening 13, the nutrient medium through the pockets 66 fall onto the disk 3 of the next section in the intermediate storage 16. Grab from one section to the other while pouring the nutrient medium the blades of the blade stirring devices 8 and 9 have a thin, lower layer the total volume of the nutrient medium in the intermediate storage and move this layer in the radial direction. Under the influence of its own weight the nutrient medium settles on the intermediate soil (i.e. on disc 3 or on the flat ring 4) without disturbing the growth of the microorganisms in the nutrient medium.

To unload the caused by the growth of the microorganisms in the nutrient medium window 7 is opened, after which in the lower section the product loosened by the blades 73 provided with scrapers 7 is unloaded from the hopper 72.

When operating the apparatus in periodic operation, the Sections gradually from the bottom up over the higher sections Shoe raised above the intermediate floors (3-rings 14 and 15 and activated stirring devices 8 and 9 filled with inoculated nutrient medium.

When all sections are filled, the paddle agitators are activated switched off and lowered the cylindrical weft rings, creating individual, hermetic closed sections arise in which all stages of cultivation without promotion of the nutrient medium run off through the sections.

When the apparatus is operated in cyclical mode, the cylindrical Firing rings 14 and 15 raised above the intermediate floors and the paddle stirring devices 8 and 9 only for the time of onward transport from one section to the other Termination of a certain growth stage switched on.

For the structural design shown in Fig. 1 of a four sections having apparatus is the implementation of the stage of the lag phase in the first Section (from above), the exponential growth in the second section, the stationary Growth in the third section and the stage of creation of the final product Recommended in the fourth section.

According to this scheme, the nutrient medium is added at intervals of 1/4 cyclically from one section to the other during the total cultivation time.

With the continuous working method of technological cultivation the cylindrical firing rings 14 and 15 are raised so far that of the Disks 3 and the rings 4 through the annular space 11 or through'die Openings 13 falling nutrient medium in each section forms an equally high layer and ensures the intended total flow time of the culture through the apparatus will.

Creating the necessary conditions of temperature and the Moisture for cultivation as well as the storage time of the nutrient medium in each section are in a known manner depending on the particular starting material present and technology guaranteed.

The nutrient medium is aerated by means of the supports 46, 49 and 50 directed airflow.

Cultivation was used as an example in the proposed apparatus one Mushroom plexus on the solids of pig manure at 60% humidity. The culture created by the treatment process represents a product without anyone Smell of manure, which contains protein, ferments, amino acids and vitamins.

Claims (6)

Apparatus for the cultivation of microorganisms on granular nutrient medium PATENT CLAIMS 1. Apparatus for cultivating microorganisms on granular nutrient medium, the one from a hermetically sealed, vertically positioned, through one above the other arranged perforated shelves in sections divided container, which a loading and unloading window, paddle paddle clocks, which are in each Section housed on a drive shaft forming the axis of the container are, and has nozzles for the inlet and outlet of a gas flow, thereby g e -k e n n n n e i c h n e t that two dividing the container (1) into sections (2) Types of perforated shelves are provided, which alternate one above the other in the container are arranged, one type being carried out in the form of disks (3) and so is installed that an annular gap (11) in relation to the housing of the Container (1) is created, which acts as a channel for the passage of the medium into the one below located section is used, and the other type in the form of flat, hermetically sealed on the housing of the container (1) attached rings (4) and the openings (13) of this Rings a channel for the medium to pass into the section axially below form and above each of these intermediate floors (3 and 4) a cylindrical weft ring (14 and 15) is set up, which has a buffer in each section for the Medium forms, with the blades of the blade stirrer device attached above the disc (3) (8) for the transport of the medium from the intermediate store to the annular space (11) have a positive angle of curvature, while the blades are flat over the Rings (4) arranged blade stirring device (9) for the transport of the medium from the buffer to the opening (13) of the flat rings (4) with a negative angle of curvature are executed. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t, that the cylindrical shooting rings (14 and 15) to form a passage between the intermediate floors and the weft ring when conveying the medium to the channels vertically are movable. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t, that each disc (3) and each flat ring (4) consists of one of three parallel plates existing sentence formed being, the top and bottom plate perforated and the middle plate is closed and the plates with a gap Are attached to each other and thereby form chambers (44, 45 and 47, 48) into which Connections (46 and 49) open for the supply and discharge of a gas flow. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t, that the paddle agitators mounted above the discs (3) and the flat rings (4) (8 and 9) have individual coupling devices with the drive shaft. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t, that on the drive shaft (10) at the level of the upper edge of the shooting rings (14 and 15) additional blades (68 and 69) for the distribution of the medium in the intermediate storage are attached. 6. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the cylindrical shooting rings (14 and 15) with seals for a hermetic Closure of the intermediate storage are equipped.