DE2945638A1 - High temp. solar collector with high conversion efficiency - protects plates against external excess pressures by pins in absorber with coating - Google Patents

High temp. solar collector with high conversion efficiency - protects plates against external excess pressures by pins in absorber with coating

Info

Publication number
DE2945638A1
DE2945638A1 DE19792945638 DE2945638A DE2945638A1 DE 2945638 A1 DE2945638 A1 DE 2945638A1 DE 19792945638 DE19792945638 DE 19792945638 DE 2945638 A DE2945638 A DE 2945638A DE 2945638 A1 DE2945638 A1 DE 2945638A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
absorber
pins
solar collector
against external
collector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19792945638
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Jochen 6800 Mannheim Jesinghaus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19792945638 priority Critical patent/DE2945638A1/en
Publication of DE2945638A1 publication Critical patent/DE2945638A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/54—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings using evacuated elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/63—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of windows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
    • F24S2025/011—Arrangements for mounting elements inside solar collectors; Spacers inside solar collectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Abstract

A high temperature solar collector has a high conversion efficiency. It has an absorber which floats freely by being suspended in a frame. The absorber is sealed off by two plates by a gas-type seal. One of the plates transmits radiation. The plates are protected against external excess pressure by pins. The pins are inserted into the absorber via holes without coming into contact with the absorber. The absorber is divided into several surfaces. The collector is evacuated. The absorber is selectively coated. The pins and back wall reflect heat. It is used as a source for mechanical work such as the Clausius-Rankine process.

Description

Hochtemperatur-SonnenkollektorHigh temperature solar panel

Die Errfindung betrifft einen preiswerten Sonnenkollektor,der in der Lage ist,sehr hohe Arbeitstemperaturen zu erreichen.The invention relates to an inexpensive solar collector in the Is able to reach very high working temperatures.

Die temperatur des Sonnenlichtes liegt bei 6000 K.Deshalb lassen eich prinzipiell mit Sonnenkollektoren ohne wesentliche Wirkungs-Bradabnahme Arbeitstemperaturen um 500 Grad Celsius erzielen.The temperature of the sunlight is 6000 K. Therefore, let it be calibrated principally with solar collectors without any significant reduction in working temperatures around 500 degrees Celsius.

In der Praxis wird die Temperatur begrenzt durch: a)Warmeabfluss vom Absorber zum Rahmen, b)Wärmeabfluss durch Konvektion über die Kollektorabdeckung, c)Wärmerückstrahlung des Absorbers durch die Abdeckung.In practice, the temperature is limited by: a) heat flow from Absorber to the frame, b) heat dissipation by convection via the collector cover, c) Heat reflection from the absorber through the cover.

Verlust a lässt sich durch gute Isolation des Rahmens vermindern.Loss a can be reduced by good insulation of the frame.

Verlust c wird durch die Verwendung sog. hochselektiver Schichten verringert.Loss c is achieved through the use of so-called highly selective layers decreased.

VerluPt b läFst sich durch schlecht wärmeleitende Gase ein wenig verringern.Wirksame Verringerungen lassen sicn nur durch Evakuierung des Raumes zwischen Absorber und Abdeckung erzielen.Loss b can be reduced a little by using poorly heat-conducting gases. Effective Reductions can only be made by evacuating the space between the absorber and Achieve coverage.

Da eine Glasplatte dem Atmosphärischen Druck von IOOOOO b/i2 nicht standhält,ist man zu aufwendigen Röhrenkollektoren (Philips) übergegangen.Since a glass plate cannot withstand the atmospheric pressure of IOOOOO b / i2 withstands, one has switched to elaborate tube collectors (Philips).

Seiner erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde,Effizienz und Wirtschaftlichkeit des Vakuumkollektors zu steigern.Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss wie folgt gelöst: Ein mit einer hochselektiven Schicht ausgerüsteter Absorber wird mit drei oder mehreren Stahldrähten freischwebend in einen Rahmen aufgehängt. Der Absorber hat bohrungen liter die gesamte Fläche verteilt.Der Rahmen wird nach hinten durch eine belie@ige, gasundurchlässige Platte nermetisch abgeschlossen.Dann werden durch die bohrungen des Aosorbers stifte geateckt und mit der Rückwand(=gasundurchlässige Platte) verbunden,und zwar so,dass die Stifte den Absorber nict berühren,damit auch kein wärmeabfluss möglich ist.Die länge der Stifte soll der Dicke des Rahmens entsprechen.Dass wird eine strahlungsdurchlässige,aber gasundurchlässige Platte (z.B.aus Glas) gasdicht mit dem Rahmen verbunden.Its invention is based on the task of efficiency and economy The object is achieved according to the invention as follows: An absorber equipped with a highly selective layer is made with three or more Steel wires suspended freely in a frame. The absorber has bores liter is distributed over the entire area. Gas-impermeable plate is nermetically sealed. Then, through the holes des Aosorber pens geateckt and connected to the rear wall (= gas-impermeable plate), and in such a way that the pins do not touch the absorber, so that there is no heat dissipation The length of the pins should match the thickness of the frame that a sheet that is permeable to radiation but impermeable to gas (e.g. made of glass) becomes gas-tight connected to the frame.

Anschliessend wird der fertige Kollektor evakuiert,d.h.luftleer gepumpt.Selbstverständlich mues noch Zu- und Ableitung fir den Wärmeträger vorgesehen werden.Diese kann aus ein oder zwei Rohren bestehen, Je nachdem,ob die Wärme durch Dampf oder zirkulierende Flüssigkeit abgeführt wird.Sie wird zweckmässigerweise durch den Rahmen geführt und sollte gut und gas dicht isoliert werden.The finished collector is then evacuated, i.e. evacuated, of course The supply and discharge lines for the heat transfer medium must still be provided. This can be switched off one or two tubes are made, depending on whether the heat is by steam or circulating Liquid is drained away. It is expediently passed through the frame and should be insulated well and gas-tight.

Stifte und Rückwandplatte können wärmerückstrahlend beschichtet oder mit entsprechenden Folien belegt sein.Darliberhinaus ist keinerlei Isolierung erforderlich.Pins and back plate can be coated or heat reflective Be covered with appropriate foils. Furthermore, no insulation is required.

Die Verluste dieses Kollektors durch Wärmeleitung und Konvektion Pind vernachlässigbar gering. Sein Wirkungagrad wird daher durch die Umgebungstemperatur praktisch nicht beeinflusst. The losses of this collector due to conduction and convection Pind negligibly low. Its degree of effectiveness is therefore determined by the ambient temperature practically not affected.

Er ist wesentlich flacher und leichter als konventionelle Kollektoren,was u.a. die senkrechte Anbringung an Hauswänden erleichtert. It's much flatter and lighter than conventional collectors, what Among other things, the vertical mounting on house walls facilitates.

Die hohen Arbeitstemperaturen lassen ihn zum Betrieb einer Clausius-Rankine-Prozesses geeignet erscheinen.Das Arbeitsmedium (z.B.RC318 = C4F8,RI3BI = CF3Br) kann direkt im Kollektor verdampft werden,wenn Speicherung erwünscht ist,kann lurch einen Primärkreislauf ein Behälter mit einem eutektischen oalzgemisch erhitzt werden (Schmelzwärme!).Diese Art der Pufferung ist wesentlich billiger als die Speicherung von Elektrizität in Akkumulatoren.Höherer wirkungsgrad und @reiswürdigkeit des Kollektors lassen wirtschaftliche Vorteile gegeniber photoelektrischen Systemen ("Solarzellen") erwarten. The high working temperatures allow him to operate a Clausius-Rankine process The working medium (e.g. RC318 = C4F8, RI3BI = CF3Br) can be used directly be evaporated in the collector, if storage is desired, can be l through a primary circuit a container can be heated with a eutectic salt mixture (heat of fusion!) Type of buffering is much cheaper than storing electricity in Accumulators. Higher efficiency and worth of travel of the collector make economical Expect advantages over photoelectric systems ("solar cells").

Ein weiteres Anwendungsgebiet ist die Beheizung von ein- oder mehrstufigen Absorptionswärmepumpen für Heiz- oder kühlzwecke oder zur Wassergewinnung aus der Luft in @üstengebieten. Another area of application is the heating of one or more stages Absorption heat pumps for heating or cooling purposes or for obtaining water from the Air in @uest areas.

Die Lebensdauer des kollektors ist bei Verwendung korroeionsbeständiger faterialien nahezu unbegrenzt. The service life of the collector is more resistant to corrosion when used almost unlimited materials.

Die Abdichtung der Zu-/Ableitung(en) kann durch einen Trichter aus dUnnem V4A-Blech erfolgen'der ane Rohr gelötet und an den Rahmen geklebt wird.Er dient gleichzeitig als Aufhängung.The inlet / outlet line (s) can be sealed by means of a funnel Thin V4A sheet metal is made, the tube is soldered and glued to the frame also serves as a suspension.

L e e r s e i t eL e r s e i t e

Claims (5)

Schutzansprüche: I. Sonnenkollektor,dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass der Absorber freischwebend in einem Rahmen aufgehängt iat,welcher von zwei Platten - davon eine strahlungsdurchlässig - gasdicht abgeschlossen wird.Die platten werden gegen äusseren Überdruck abRePtfltzt durch Stifte,die durch Bohrungen im Absorber,die über dessen Fläche verteilt sind,geführt werden,ohne den Absorber zu berühren. Der Kollektor wird evakuiert.Protection claims: I. Solar collector, characterized in that the The absorber is suspended freely in a frame, which is made up of two plates - one of which is radiolucent - gas-tight Protected against external overpressure by pins that pass through holes in the absorber are distributed over its surface, without touching the absorber. Of the Collector is evacuated. 2.Sonnenkollektor wie vor,dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass der Absorber selektiv beschichtet ist,Stifte und Rückwand dagegen wärmerückstrahlend ausgeführt sind.2. Solar collector as before, characterized in that the absorber is selectively coated, while the pins and rear panel are heat-reflecting are. 3.Sonnenkollektor wie vor,dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass er als Wärmequelle fiir einen Kreisprozess zur Gewinnung mechanischer Arbeit (z.B. Ciausius-Rankine-Prozess) genutzt wird.3. Solar collector as before, characterized in that it is used as a heat source for a cycle process to generate mechanical work (e.g. Ciausius-Rankine process) is being used. 4.Sonnenkollektor wie unter I,2,dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass er zum Betrieb einer ein- oder mehrstufigen Absorptionswärmepumpe verwendet wird.4. Solar collector as under I, 2, characterized in that it is used for Operation of a single or multi-stage absorption heat pump is used. 5.Anlagen wie vor, dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass Speicherung bzw.5. Systems as before, characterized in that storage or Pufferung des Wärmeangebots durch eutektische Salzmischungen erfolgt.The heat supply is buffered by eutectic salt mixtures.
DE19792945638 1979-11-12 1979-11-12 High temp. solar collector with high conversion efficiency - protects plates against external excess pressures by pins in absorber with coating Withdrawn DE2945638A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792945638 DE2945638A1 (en) 1979-11-12 1979-11-12 High temp. solar collector with high conversion efficiency - protects plates against external excess pressures by pins in absorber with coating

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792945638 DE2945638A1 (en) 1979-11-12 1979-11-12 High temp. solar collector with high conversion efficiency - protects plates against external excess pressures by pins in absorber with coating

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2945638A1 true DE2945638A1 (en) 1981-05-21

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DE19792945638 Withdrawn DE2945638A1 (en) 1979-11-12 1979-11-12 High temp. solar collector with high conversion efficiency - protects plates against external excess pressures by pins in absorber with coating

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4430106A1 (en) * 1994-08-25 1996-02-29 Wolfgang Dr Spirkl Solar heat collector with evacuated housing
US20100153312A1 (en) * 2008-12-03 2010-06-17 Auguste Lemaire Solar heating system, storage tank for use therein, method of manufacturing solar collection panel for use therein, and method of installing the same

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4430106A1 (en) * 1994-08-25 1996-02-29 Wolfgang Dr Spirkl Solar heat collector with evacuated housing
US20100153312A1 (en) * 2008-12-03 2010-06-17 Auguste Lemaire Solar heating system, storage tank for use therein, method of manufacturing solar collection panel for use therein, and method of installing the same

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