DE2941873A1 - Hand pump to lift liquid vertically - has endless belt with porous layer running through liquid and rollers removing adsorbed liquid at top level - Google Patents

Abstract

The pump, partic. manually operated pump, is intended for moving a liquid in a vertical direction. It comprises an endless belt (18) consisting of a carrier (20) with a layer of open-poured material (22). At the lower level, this belt runs through the liquid to be moved whilst, at the upper level, the liquid absorbed by the layer (22) is removed, e.g. by running between squeeze rollers (28,32). The layer (22) may absorb liquid through capillary action and/or may consist of a resilient sponge-like material whose hollow spaces take up liquid as the material resiliently expands (after compression, e.g. around a weighted (40) roller (36) at the lower level).

Description

pump

The invention relates to a pump, in particular a hand pump, for essentially vertical pumping of liquid.

Despite the widespread use of central water supply systems, there is there is still a great need for small pumps that are capable of small Amounts of water for individual needs from wells with a low water level to promote. The need for such pumps in dry, technical applications is particularly great areas of the earth that have not yet been developed, where from each well only proportionally low amounts of water are to be promoted and investment and maintenance costs are used forbid complicated pumping stations. More vital in the cases mentioned Wells in technically underdeveloped dry areas are just as common as in individual ones Wells, e.g. for watering small gardens, less on technical Perfection and motor drive as long-term reliability, simple Operation and maintenance as well as low costs.

The above requirements are not easy to meet if the Head is more than 10 meters, so that suction pumps are no longer an option and the actual pump element attached to the bottom of the well and driven there must become. In the known piston pumps there are then wear-sensitive Piston seals and failure-prone check valves at the bottom of the well.

Every maintenance and repair is extremely difficult and lengthy, especially if the wells have a depth which is often applicable in arid regions from 20 - 50 meters. Added to this is the need for a long, heavy drive linkage, which moves back and forth with the pumps often to be procured by women and children must be and is prone to corrosion. You also need at the top of the pump a suitable leverage or even a gear, as the actuating force to be used Should not exceed 15 kg.

In known diaphragm pumps, the one at the bottom of the well is back and forth The outgoing piston is replaced by a plastic bag that is connected to a control line is alternately covered with pressure. In this case, you also need the pump element at the bottom of the well another pump on the surface of the earth to remove the plastic bag to apply pressure. Several check valves are required and a special control line. The membrane subjected to alternating loads is susceptible to aging, and from time to time necessary repairs to the bottom the well arranged unit parts is just as complicated and expensive as with the piston pumps described above. The same also applies to those known Piston pumps in which the pump piston is pressurized on one side via a control line can be acted upon and displaced against the force of a return spring. Also in in the latter case an additional control pump is required on the earth's surface, numerous seals and valves, a special control line and one under Alternating load on the standing elastic part in the depth of the well.

The invention is based on the object, also for large delivery heights to create a suitable, extremely simple pump of the type mentioned at the beginning, which is also much easier and faster to maintain and repair than that previously known pumps.

To solve the above-mentioned object, according to the invention is a Proposed pump, which consists of an endlessly closed, revolving drivable, band-shaped, open-pored conveyor organ, which is at a lower level is to be brought into connection with the liquid to be conveyed and on an upper one Level along a displacement device that decreases the entrained liquid is led.

The proposed pump comes without stuck to the bottom of a well installed, repair-prone, moving parts off and needs also no valves. The conveyor can be easily moved at any time during the cycle check and gently pull it upwards out of the well, clean, repair or replace. There are also no reaching to the bottom of the well Drive connections, and the simple rotary drive acting on the conveyor element can be carried out with the means and knowledge available everywhere being repaired.

Of course, the pumping principle of the new pump can also be used in connection with motorized, controllable drives and for conveying other liquids, e.g. use oil or chemicals. Precisely because the construction of the pump is so simple is, its description in the form of a simple water pump is sufficient to explain it for deep wells.

For the funding body, a material comes into question, which is able to pick up and take the liquid to be pumped with it. this can be done, for example, in such a way that the conveyor organ has capillaries which absorb the liquid as a result of capillary action. Alternatively or additionally there is also the possibility that the conveyor organ at least partially consists of an elastic, consists of spongy material, the cavities of which are due to elastic deformation Soak up liquid. This suction effect due to elasticity can in addition to the above mentioned capillary action occur. A third funding principle is alternatively or in addition to the two above, then exploited when that Funding body has such a rough surface that the flow velocity of the down it Liquid is less than the speed of movement of the conveyor organ. These The condition is fulfilled e.g. by open-cell ribbons with a net-like structure. Such a conveyor organ offers, if there is essentially no suction next to it due to capillaries or material elasticity unfolds the advantage that the water runs down from the conveying organ to the bottom of the well when the conveying process terminated or interrupted. So the conveyor organ dries very quickly and that The pumped water is always hygienically impeccable.

With the term "open-pored" chosen to characterize the conveyor organ should the above-mentioned different physical principles of action, on which the liquid can be based on and entrainment.

In the same way, with the above-mentioned "displacement device" each The device is designated1 which is suitable for the conveyed by the conveyor Decrease fluid.

Depending on the functional principle, which is the transport capacity of the conveyor organ underlying, the displacement device can z.R. be a simple scraper, which is the liquid film entrained on the rough surface of the conveyor organ decreases. In the case of using a conveyor organ consisting of an elastic one Foam or other stretchable or swellable material with internal Cavities, one is called a displacement device a the conveying organ in a locally select a limited area continuously compressive device so that the pumped liquid by compression of the conveyor organ from the inner Cavities are displaced and removed. For this purpose it can be provided, for example, that the conveyor element runs between two squeezing rollers.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, there is the conveying element in cross-section made up of several layers, namely at least one tra63chicht and a promotional layer. The base layer can be made of a highly resilient flexible Material, e.g.

made of polyester. For example, fabrics made from such materials are suitable which have already been used for risers. The base layer prevents the conveying layer, consisting e.g. of flexible polyurethane or PVC foam, is too heavily loaded and wears out too quickly.

Furthermore, the base layer prevents the e.g. Polyurethane adhesive or a seam-connected conveyor layer under the weight load is strongly deformed, which would affect the conveying capacity.

In the case of a multilayer conveying body of the type mentioned, it is necessary no additional displacement device, because the removal of the liquid from the conveying element can be done by an existing pulley. As long as the tape namely is guided with the base layer over rollers, the liquid remains in and on the Promotional layer. But as soon as the latter runs onto a pulley, will the liquid is displaced from the conveying layer, runs off the roller and can in be collected in a container arranged below.

It goes without saying that the base course is also to a certain extent In addition to the funding layer, it can also be involved in the funding process, because it is also a load-bearing one For example, tissue absorbs water and carries it with you. The materials all layers of the conveying organ should in the preferred application as a water pump be resistant to hydrolysis.

Of course, there are other cross-sectional shapes in addition to those already mentioned of the funding body possible. As an example, only one version is mentioned here with supporting layers arranged on both sides of the conveying layer to improve the Wear resistance and to adapt to certain drive systems as well as continue in cross-section approximately semicircular conveyor organs, which with the same volume allow the conveying layer smaller diameter of the well pipe.

At greater delivery heights, the liquid carried along by the delivery element forms usually a continuous column of fluid. The conveying capacity depends i.a. on the length of this column, since the drainage increases with increasing static pressure the tape grows larger. To counter this, is another preferred embodiment of the invention, the conveying organ or at least its conveying layer in individual shorter ones Section divided between which the liquid column is interrupted will. A conveyor layer made of foam, for example, can be used for this purpose be provided with gaps by embossing, in which case the foam receives a closed surface. The desired interruption can also be through recessed transverse ribs are obtained, in addition to the task of prevention Long columns of liquid have the further function of the belt-shaped conveyor organ to keep torsion-resistant, so that it can be guided better. The torsional stiffness is especially desirable because the conveying and slack side of the revolving conveyor organ over a great height if possible without special spacers and guide elements close to each other in a pipe that is as narrow as possible, as close to each other as possible should run along. In a practical embodiment, the belt-shaped conveyor element is e.g. about 5 cm wide and comes in a tube with an inside diameter from led about 10 cm to the bottom of a e.g. 20 - 30 1 deep well. If the one in the pipe the ascending conveyor strand rubs against the descending slack strand, the conveyor element wears out, and the conveying capacity also suffers as a result.

To reduce wear, the surface which is radially inner during rotation can be used of the conveying organ must be covered with a skin, thereby increasing the conveying capacity not excluded and often not even reduced because the promotional layer is always still has the opportunity to absorb liquid on the other sides. Furthermore the skin can be perforated and even again so rough that it becomes damaged as a result of the Drag dragging fluid along.

In principle, the conveyor member according to the invention forms one of the drives roll the loop of tape hanging down in the liquid supply. If this loop is passed through a longer tube and should be stretched so that the Both runs can run close together, but not touch, on the lower one The end of the loop must be hung in this one weight roller. This possibly through an additional weight-loaded role can be added at any time together with the funding body pulled up out of the well. The role can have the further function have to compress a foam-shaped conveying layer so that the inside Air contained in voids is depressed and in the subsequent expansion the foam is sucked up under the surface of the liquid. Even For this last reason, it is advisable to use a base layer and a conveyor layer existing conveyor organ to be arranged so that the support layer radially outside and the conveyor layer is located radially inside.

The arrangement and design of the drive and deflection rollers on the pump stand allows numerous variations. Basically, it just depends on that Funding organ is put into circulation. It is desirable that the conveyor organ as all roles over which it runs are enclosed in a housing. Also the Collecting container should be covered and locked up to the outlet, e.g.

to keep the pumped water clean. If on the collecting container a closable outlet is provided, there is the possibility of the pumped water leave to stand in this container and, for example, by adding suitable agents, Which, among other things, certain seeds are also suitable to clarify.

The drive of the conveyor element, the displacement of the liquid from and from the funding body as well as its redirection and reintroduction into a proportionate Tight tubes can be managed with two or three rotatable rollers. The bearings of these rollers are not heavily used and can be made of self-lubricating Materials or provided with permanent lubrication. To the Inclined drive a hand crank attached to the axis of the drive roller in a rotationally fixed manner. Apart from humans, it can also be propelled by animals, motors, wind power or Solar energy be provided. In addition, a Ratchet lock should be attached to prevent the pumping process from being temporarily interrupted to prevent the fluid-carrying strand of the conveyor organ from sinking back.

In a particularly simple embodiment of the pump according to the invention instead of a drive roller, a turnstile or turnstile with several individual ones Support surfaces used for the conveyor organ. In this case there will be one next to the Turnstile-mounted role used as a liquid displacement device.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

1 shows a schematic side view of an inventive Pump, Fig. 2 is a side view of the upper part of a second embodiment the pump according to the invention, FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the pump according to FIG. 2, FIG. 4 a schematic representation of a pump drive with a turnstile.

The pump shown in Fig. 1 has a housing 1o, which over a well resting on feet 12 and a collecting and collecting container with one preferably closable outlet 14 forms. A top cover not shown in detail of the housing 1o is removable. From the well protrudes into the housing 1o a tube 16, which can be composed of several sections and up to the bottom of the well. The tube 16 extends up above the bottom of the housing lo out, so that the water collected in the housing 1o does not go back into the pipe 16 runs backwards. An endless conveyor member 18, which in the example case from a Base layer 20 and a conveyor layer 22, extends through the pipe 16 to a water supply 24 at the bottom of the well and is lo over in the housing a first deflection roller 26, then over a drive roller 28 and finally over another pulley 30 out. On the axis of the drive roller 28 is according to Fig. 3 outside the housing lo a crank attached, with the help of which the Roller 28 can be rotated in the direction of the file. A rotation in the opposite direction will be prevented by a not shown ratchet lock.

The arrangement of the rollers 26, 28 and 30 is chosen so that the conveyor 18 runs obliquely downward from the roller 26 to the drive roller 28. The pulley 26 presses against the outer layer 20 of the conveyor 18, i.e. against the base layer. The drive roller 28 then presses against the inner layer 22 of the conveyor element 18, i.e. the conveying layer, from which the water carried along is displaced and im Interior of the housing lo is collected. If the normal pressure of the drive roller 28 against the conveyor layer 22 is still insufficient to get enough water from the conveyor layer 22, a squeeze roller 32 can also be attached to the remove water contained in the conveying element 18.

As shown in Fig. 1 on a larger scale than the remainder of the pump, the conveying layer 22 is interrupted by gaps 34 at certain intervals. Such Depending on the type of material of the conveying layer 22, gaps can be expedient prove if too large a water column turns out to be disadvantageous. In the area the gap 34, the surface of the conveying layer 22 is closed by a coating. Also with respect to the orbit of the conveyor member 18 inner surface of the Conveyor layer 22 can be provided with an optionally perforated skin, the wear due to friction between the ascending and descending strand of the conveyor member 18 in the pipe 16 to be kept as low as possible.

As an alternative to the gaps 34 or in addition, stiff transverse ribs could be used be provided in the conveyor 18, about the torsional stiffness to optimize.

In the embodiment according to FIG. I hangs in the lower loop of the conveyor member 18 a weight roller 36, which together with the conveyor member 18 according to can be pulled out of the tube 16 at the top. By several opposite inner longitudinal ribs at the lower end of the tube 16 and formation of the weight roller 36 with an axis which is not quite as long as the inner diameter of the pipe 16, a guide for the weight roller 36 can be obtained, which prevents that this oscillates in the pipe or rotates around its axis. In addition to its own weight the roller 36 could be relatively rotatable on its axis by means of a conveyor element 18 a weight 40 can be attached to the bracket 38 spanning on both sides.

Fig. 2 shows another arrangement of the rollers in the pump housing.

In this case, the conveyor 18, coming from below, also runs initially again on a deflection roller 42 which presses against the support layer 20. After that, however, the conveyor element 18 does not run directly onto the one designated here by 44 Drive roller, but first at an angle downwards to another small deflection roller 46, which because of its position and small diameter, is the inner conveying layer 22 of the conveyor member 18 strongly usanmendresses over a short distance and in this way displaces the water from the conveyor organ. Unlike the embodiment according to Fig. 1, the conveyor element 18 runs vertically downwards directly from the drive roller 44 into tube 16. Another difference is the shape of the pump housing. In the The embodiment according to FIG. 2 is only a relatively small one Collecting and collecting container 48 with an outlet 50 in the area of the deflecting roller 46 appropriate. Aitf the construction of the housing, preferably a welded construction with removable upper parts, as well as on the way of storage of the rolls in the housing, e.g.

by means of welded brackets, need not go into detail as there are many practical implementation options available to the person skilled in the art stand. It is worth mentioning, however, in connection with FIG. 3, where the upper part of the Pump shown in Fig. 2 in partial cross section and the connection of the drive roller 4 is shown with a hand crank 52 that the rollers, as in the example of the pulley 42 as seen, with side flanges 54 may be designed to allow sliding off of the conveyor organ 18 to prevent. Corresponding flanges can also be found on the drive roller 44 or 28 and the weight roller 36 (Fig.1) be attached.

The above are only two exemplary embodiments for different ones Arrangements of idler and drive rollers have been described. It goes without saying that numerous other modification possibilities with still other arrangements of the Roles exist All constructions have one thing in common, however, that the conveyor organ 18 driven by a rotatable drive member and attached to a displacement device in The shape of one or more rollers or a scraper must be agitated G, before the return into the pipe 16 takes place.

Fig. 4 shows that the drive member does not necessarily have to be a role got to. In addition to deflection rollers 56, 58, 60, of which the roller 58 in turn acts as a displacement device acts, a turnstile 62 connected to a hand crank could serve as a drive, the profile 64 open to the outside in a U-shaped cross-section at the ends of its arms carries, in which the conveyor member 18 lays during the rotation.

only dimensioning of the individual parts of the proposed pump depending on the delivery head, it is very easy, since it has to be applied by hand when pumping Forces low overall and basically even with different delivery heights are not significantly different. The dead weight of the conveyor organ is in balanced. So it only needs the internal friction of the rotating parts of the Pump and the weight of the water adhering to and in the pumping element for the proportion with which it is removed at the top to be overcome. If depending on the choice of material of the conveying organ and the lever fiber vents in the drive actually at higher conveying heights the force to be applied reaches undesirably coarse values, can be done in the simplest possible way the handk @@@ el:; ngert or a slightly smaller drive roller can be used. Alternatively, there is the possibility, depending on the delivery height, of the width of the delivery layer 22, which do not necessarily agree with the width of the supporting layer 20 of the conveyor organ: ubJrei- must shorten or enlarge the gaps 34.

Finally, if a squeegee roller 32 or a other special stripping device the further possibility of their setting to change, so that depending on the desired driving force a more or less large Amount of water is displaced from the conveyor organ.

The less water is wiped off, the more the weight is reduced of the water remaining in the conveying body the necessary driving force.

Claims

Claims (20)

Claims 1. Pump, in particular hand pump, for the essentially Vertical pumping of liquids, not shown t that they consist of an endlessly closed, circumferentially drivable, band-shaped, open-pore conveyor organ (18), which suf a. lower level in connection with the liquid to be pumped is bring and on an upper level at one of the decreasing liquid carried Displacement device (28, 32; 46; 58) is guided along. 2. Pump according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the conveyor element (8) has capillaries, which the liquid as a result Absorb capillary action. 3. Pump according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the conveyor element (18) is at least partially made of an elastic, spongy material: consists of whose cavities are due to elastic deformation Soak up liquid. 4. Pump according to one of claims 1 to 3, d a du r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the conveying element (18) has such a rough surface, that the flow velocity of the liquid flowing down on it is lower than the speed of movement of the conveyor element (18). 5. Pump according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g It is not noted that the conveyor element (18) is formed by embedded transverse ribs is stiffened. 6. Pump according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n nz e i c h n e t that the conveying element (18) has a support layer (2c) and a Has conveyor layer (22). 7. Pump according to claim 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the conveyor layer (22) is interrupted by gaps (34). 8. Pump according to claim 6 or 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that with reference to the orbit of the conveyor organ (18) the conveyor layer (22) is arranged on the inside and the base layer (20) is arranged on the outside. 9. Pump according to one of claims 6 to 8, d a dur c h g e k e n N z e i c h n e t that the surface of the support layer (20) opposite Conveyor layer (22) is provided with a sprayed-on skin. 10. Pump according to one of claims 6 to 9, d a d u r c h g e k e It is noted that the supporting layer (20 made of polyester and the conveying layer (22) made of an open-cell or half-open-cell elastic polyurethane foam, which is glued to the base layer 620) exists. 11. Pump according to one of the preceding claims, since d u r c h g e k e n n n n n e i c h n e t that in the lower loop formed by the conveyor element (18) a weight roller or pulley (36) is hanging. 12. Pump according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n n z e i h n e t that the conveyor element (18) is essentially on the entire head extends through a pipe (16). 13. Pump according to claim 11 or 12, d a d u r c h g'e -k e n n z e i c h ne t that the weight roller (36) guided upwardly removable on the tube (16) is. 14. Pump according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n n z e i c h n e t that a roller (28; 46; 58) is used as a displacement device serves, by the pressure of which the conveying element (18) is partially deformable. 15. Pump according to claim 14, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the liquid from the conveying element (18) displacing the roller is the drive roller (28) of the conveyor organ (18) is. 16. Pump according to claim 14, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the liquid from the conveying element (18) displacing roller is a deflection roller (46; 58) is. 17. Pump according to claim 15 or 16, d a du r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the liquid from the conveying element (18) displacing role (28) cooperates with a pinch roller (32) which presses the conveyor element (18) against it. 18. Pump according to one of claims 1 to 14, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the conveying element (18) has support surfaces (64) on the rod ends a manually rotatable turnstile (62) is placed. 19. Pump according to one of claims 11 to 17, d a du r c h g e k e n n z e i n e t that some or all of the roles over which the conveying element (18) running, are provided with side flanges (54). 20. Pump according to one of claims 12 to 19, d a d u r c h g e k It is noted that the part of the Conveyor element (18) is enclosed by a housing (lo), in which drive and Guiding organs are rotatably mounted and which one with an outlet (14-50) provided collecting container (48) for the liquid displaced from the conveying element (18) forms.