DE2933199A1 - Engine converting heat into mechanical energy - has rotor with thermally sensitive strips to shift centre of gravity when heated - Google Patents

Abstract

The rotor (1) is fixed to a horizontal shaft (2). Outer sections of the rotor parallel to the axis are made of material which expands when heated. A warm source (3a) heats one side of the rotor and a cold sink (4a) cools the other. The resulting expansion and contraction displaces the centre of gravity of the rotor to produce a moment about the axis which causes rotation. The hot and cold sources can act by blowing fluid onto the surface of the rotor. Alternatively fluid can flow through longitudinal channels in the periphery of the rotor. The fluid can flow in an open or closed cycle.

Description

Device for converting heat into mechanical energy

Device for converting heat into mechanical energy The invention relates to a device for converting heat into mechanical energy, with a A rotor containing thermal bimetals, the axis of which is perpendicular to a force component a gravitational field is arranged, wherein the bimetal elements in one area of the rotor deformed by heat to be converted in one direction and in a second Area can be deformed by cooling in the opposite direction.

Such a device in which a rotational force by displacement must be generated by parts by weight under the action of heat, is in DE-PS 549 167 described.

However, this device can only overcome small forces and is not suitable as a drive motor. Also DE-OS 26 12 280, DT-OS 22 39 241 and FR-PS 83 70 73 describe methods and devices for implementing Energy into mechanical energy, which is either very complicated are, or can only be used as a toy that can be decorated with advertising media, because they work with a very low efficiency.

The present invention is based on the object of a device to convert heat directly into mechanical energy to create that simple constructed and suitable as a work machine. This object is achieved according to the invention solved in that the rotor protruding from the axis of rotation spoke-like or rod-like Contains elements that lie in planes that contain the axis of rotation of the rotor and that the spoke-like or rod-like elements in at least one longitudinal piece Thermo-bimetal elements exist. According to another solution to this problem the thermal bimetal elements are arranged on the outer circumference of the rotor in such a way that that they lie in planes which contain the axis of rotation, with their free ends bi temperature changes due to the supply or removal of heat one with respect to the axis of rotation experience radial and / or tangential displacement.

The invention is based on the knowledge that by heating or

Cooling down of resp. an axis of rotation substantially diametrically opposite one another Opposite and not with the direction of the force component of the gravitational field aligned areas, i.e. by generating a temperature difference between related mass displacements are achieved on areas opposite to the axis of rotation, which, when the axis of rotation is stationary, generate a torque around it.

Under the designation "mass compression or mass dilution" is understood here that at temperature equilibrium they act as a rotor Body-adjusting mass distribution, through whose center of gravity then the axis of rotation durchqehtflokal changed to the effect that in special sectors around the axis of rotation a higher mass occupancy, in others there is a lower mass occupancy. Under the term "mass increase or mass decrease" is understood that in one specific sector area the mass occupancy in the radial direction from the axis of rotation is shifted away or towards the axis of rotation.

A major advantage of the invention is the achievement of a high degree of efficiency in the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy, which is not just one Drive of mobiles but also of working machines enables, whereby conventional Drive systems can be replaced. Especially in connection with recovery There are many possible uses of solar energy. As the simplest An example of this is a drive for fans and pumps in heating and ventilation circuits called, as well as a drive of scoop rims, where the in the part that is immersed in water sinks the heat, the part exposed to the sun the Can form a heat source. It is of particular importance that this drive without a transport of fuels or a supply of electrical lines, for example can be operated for irrigation in remote desert areas. In addition to the However, use as stationary drive sources can also be used in Ship, vehicle and aircraft construction. In thermal power plants or when used geodetic heat sources can be used to generate electricity, the A particular advantage is to be seen in the fact that an effective utilization also on lesser ones Temperature differences between heat source and heat sink is possible where conventional systems are still extremely uneconomical. while on a mission In the case of mobile-like "sun gears", even the lowest temperature is sufficient for a rotation, mon will generally try when used as a work machine with temperature differences between about 50 to about 1000 ° C, preferably up to 350 ° C to work.

The energy supply or energy dissipation can be done via radiation exchange, as well as via media exchange, i.e.

by means of suitable heat exchange directly with the rotatably mounted bodies occurring heat transfer fluids take place, for example by means of gases or liquids.

The following are particularly advantageous developments and technical Embodiments of the invention are explained.

Under the designation thermal bimetals are in the course of the previous Registration composite materials of several, preferably, but not necessarily understood two metals with different thermal expansion coefficients, which are strip or rod-shaped. The manufacture and construction of the Thermal bimetals themselves are not the subject of this application.

Instead of thermal bimetails, SOg.Memory metals as well as non-metallic materials, preferably composite materials, made from other materials and optionally metals with different thermal expansion capacities be used. These should therefore also be referred to as thermal bimetals be understood.

When the heat is transferred to or from the rotor by means of a Heat transfer fluid is carried out, there is the possibility of this in the open Circulating past the rotor, which is particularly preferred when air, a heated gas or a gas involved in a combustion process as a fluid is used. However, the fluid can also be conducted in a closed circuit become, which is especially the case when expensive, preferably indirectly heated Heat transfer fluids with a large thermal capacity are used.

The rotor is advantageously essentially diametrically opposed to one another at two lying areas in the direction of its longitudinal axis or transversely to the same loading and / or flushed through. When the rotor of two unidirectional fluid flows, one warm and a cold one is impacted in the direction of its longitudinal axis, the fluid can innewotlnendt) kinetic energy with appropriate training of the rotatable body also contribute to the generation of a torque.

If for cooling and heating the rotor the same fluid is to be used, we recommend the rotor with: two opposing directions To apply fluid flows, in particular when this application takes place transversely to the longitudinal axis, since here too the kinetic energy of the fluid for a turbine effect can be exploited. The amount withdrawn when the rotor cools down Energy is preferably at least partially returned, with im In contrast to the conventional process, the waste heat obtained without being converted into a different energy source, i.e. fed back to the drive side without major losses In this context, it is particularly advantageous if for heating and / or To cool down a heat pump is used, which is also obtained directly from the rotation of the rotor can be driven.

This allows the direction of rotation to be reversed in a simple manner achieve that one has the energy supply to the rotor and the energy dissipation from this reversed polarity, i.e. that the heat source and heat sink are interchanged.

One area of the rotatable body from the many possibilities In addition to solar energy, the Peltier effect is particularly useful for heating called, whereby a high efficiency of the Peltier element can be achieved allows that the waste heat can also be returned and as such not get lost. Further possibilities are heating by means of ohmic and / or inductive heat, whereby electrical currents flow through the grain itself can be.

When the fluid used for heating is involved in a combustion process participates or is a product of the use process, you get a new one and simple combustion engine.

After all, it is particularly beneficial when the heat transfer from takes place on the body or on it as close as possible to its axis of rotation, because as a result all outlying areas participate in the mass displacement and therefore contribute to the generation of the torque.

In the first embodiment of the rotor, thermal bimetal elements are used preferably arranged so that the interfaces between the two layers are different thermal expansion run parallel or transversely to the axis of rotation, with im last mentioned case, the interface is preferably vertical in the temperature-neutral state is arranged to the axis of rotation. The spoke-like or rod-like elements are expediently in the radial direction from the axis of rotation, since this has an optimal influence on the generation of the torque about this axis is effected. It is also possible, the thermo-bimetal elements so auszubil.den that in them the two layers different thermal expansion are twisted, preferably by 900. The interfaces between the two layers of different thermal Expediently, expansion in the thermo-ßimetall-elements are near the axis Areas of the planes that contain the axis of rotation.

In the second embodiment described, the Thermo-Himetal.l elements expediently in its central area on the outer circumference of the rotor parallel to Axis of rotation attached.

The interfaces between the two layers of different thermal Expansion in the thermal bimetal elements or

the bending planes in the memory metals are preferably in planes, which run parallel to the axis of rotation when the thermo-bimetal elements are neutral Take position. These levels advantageously contain the axis of rotation. Well-known bimetal elements are expediently longitudinal stripes, since in these cases you are left with a small Material expenditure comes from. According to a further embodiment, there are thermal bimetal elements in the form of slotted disks or star arrangements, which are advantageously three contain sector-like areas extending from a common hub. In this case, too, the interfaces between the two Layers of different thermal expansion be twisted in itself.

It has proven to be beneficial if the interfaces between the two layers of different thermal expansion in the area of their attachment on the outer circumference of the rotor run tangentially to this.

To achieve greater torques, it is advantageous to use a A plurality of rotors running on a common lengthwise to the axis of rotation Shaft are arranged. The spoke-like or rod-like elements or the bimetal bodies are expediently provided with additional masses at their free ends.

Good efficiency is obtained when the device is a heat source contains, which heats the rotor in one area and a heat sink, which the Rotor cools down in a different area. Furthermore, the at least one rotor is expedient at least in the area provided for heating by a heat-insulating one and preferably inwardly heat-reflecting housing surrounded, in which a Heat build-up can form and in or over the rotor for its drive necessary heat is supplied. For smaller drive powers, it is sufficient if the area of the rotor to be cooled is outdoors or immersed in a cool medium. Such configurations are particularly suitable as mobiles, but also as bucket wheels or fans.

It is favorable if the subjected to the intended thermal expansion Provide components with a surface that promotes energy absorption and release, for example, are legal.

Advantageously, this is passed to the areas of the rotor to be cooled Heat transfer fluid is then heated by a heat source and then applied bypassed the areas of the rotor to be heated.

When building prime movers, it is particularly beneficial if the at least one rotor is received in a housing, which is through at least one thermally insulating partition wall divided into a warning chamber and a cold chamber is. The partition is designed so that it allows the passage of the individual However, rotor areas from the wart chamber into the cold chamber and ungrounded allow a temperature equalization between the chambers is prevented as much as possible. When the rotor should come directly with the heat transfer fluids in Bertihrung contain the Warm chamber and / or the cold chamber connections for the supply and discharge of the corresponding heat transfer fluids. If, on the other hand, heat transfer is by means of Radiation is made, is at least one of a heat transfer fluid submersible Heat exchanger the individual memory or rod-like elements, at least in the The area provided for the heating is arranged opposite one another on the face side. The rotor can advantageously be used as a conveying means for the at least one heat transfer fluid be formed, or conveying means for the at least one heat transfer fluid drive.

A particularly simple and effective structure is obtained if the heat source and / or the heat sink from the warm or from the cold area a heat pump are formed, which directly by means of their heat transfer fluid or bring about the heat supply or the heat dissipation via heat exchangers.

The heat pump can be driven by the rotor itself.

Wherever electrical energy is available as drive energy, they are suitable Peltier elements are also suitable for the heat source and for the heat sink. At a A particularly advantageous embodiment for this purpose are at least two on the shaft The thermo-dimetals in the spoke-like or rod-like form Elements every two disks following one another along the axis are each 1800 against each other twisted attached. In an area between every two panes there is at least one Peltier element arranged in such a way that its klate side is one, its warm side facing the other pane.

The heat required to drive the device can also be through open combustion can be generated by means of a burner, or at least by means of one attached to or in each of the individual spoke-like or rod-like elegance selectively excitable heating coil, which is preferably arranged in the area of the thermal bimetals are. Especially with larger devices it is advantageous if at least on the shaft A starter motor is attached to a rotor.

In a particularly simple embodiment, which is called the sun wheel " Is used is one end face of the spoke-like or rod-like element with a radiation-absorbing and the other side surface with a radiation-reflecting Surface.

Further details and advantages of the invention emerge from the The following description of preferred exemplary embodiments based on the enclosed Drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the generation of a torque through a thermally induced mass shift in the form of a mass increase or Lowering of mass in relation to the axis of rotation of a body.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the generation of a torque through a thermally induced mass shift in the form of mass compression and a mass dilution in a body rotatable about an axis of rotation.

Figures 3 to 6 show different arrangements of heat sources and heat sink to the rotor, in which the heat supply or the heat supply by radiation is made.

Figures 7 and 8 show schematically two further possibilities for one Arrangement of heat source and heat sink in the case of heat transfer through at least a heat transfer fluid in direct contact with the rotor.

Fig. 9 shows a longitudinal section through a directly by thermal radiation and / or sunlight powered motor.

Fig. Lo shows a schematic longitudinal section through an energy recveling internal combustion engine.

11 shows a schematic longitudinal section through another Embodiment of a motor in which the required temperature difference by a Heat pump is generated.

12 shows a circuit diagram for an energy recveling motor, in which a heat pump is switched on in the circuit of the heat transfer fluid is.

FIG. 13 shows a circuit diagram of an arrangement similar to that of FIG Fig. 12, in which a generator / motor is additionally connected to the motor shaft, 12 only through the circuit in order to avoid repetitions a box is indicated.

FIG. 14 shows a circuit diagram of an arrangement similar to that of FIG 13, in which a rotating fluid accelerator is additionally connected to the motor shaft is connected, which also has the task h, an ice crystal attachment on the heat exchanger to prevent, with z avoiding repetitions the circuit of FIG. 13 only indicated by a box.

Fig. 15 shows a circuit similar to that of Fig. 13 at however, the rotor is acted upon directly by a heat transfer fluid, wherein the heat transfer fluid via countercurrent heat exchangers with the heat pump circuit is in Wärmecaustaus @.

16 shows an example of a "sun wheel" as a kinematic mobile.

Fig. 17 shows a partially sectioned front view of an embodiment of an engine, in which by means of a corresponding heat exchanger Temperature difference an increase in mass and a decrease in mass compared to the shaft be made.

FIG. 18 shows a section along the line XVIII - XVIII of FIG. 17th

19 shows a partially sectioned front view of an engine at the one produced by an eiI (? r heat pump via appropriate heat exchangers Temperature difference a mass thinning or mass compression is achieved.

FIG. 20 shows a section along the line XX - XX from FIG. 19.

Fig. 21 shows a partially sectioned front view of another Embodiment of a motor in which a torque by means of a mass compression or a mass dilution is achieved, in which case the heat transfer takes place by means of two fluid flows, one of which is silver, for example solar heating is heated.

FIG. 22 shows a longitudinal section along the line XXII - XXII from FIG. 21 and at the same time explains other embodiments of the engine in which the Fluid used for cooling is diverted and after heating or combustion again passes through the rotor in countercurrent.

Fig. 23 shows a longitudinal section of a further embodiment of a motor, the differs from that in FIG. 22 essentially in that the rotor is flowed through in cocurrent by two heat transfer fluids, which their kinetic energy output to an axial turbine mounted on the rotor axis.

Fig. 24 shows a further embodiment of the motor in longitudinal section of FIG. 22 in which two fluids flow through the rotor in countercurrent.

Fic. 25 shows, in a partially sectioned state, a detail of a rotor, in which the torque is achieved by increasing and decreasing the mass.

26 shows a front view of a detail of a rotor in which the Torque is achieved by means of a mass compression or mass thinning.

27 shows a partially sectioned front view of a further rotor, which can also be designed as a fan or as a rotating heat exchanger.

28 shows in front view @ in detail a further embodiment of a rotor.

Figure. 29 shows, in a perspective illustration, an embodiment of Additional masses at the ends of rod-like elements forming a rotor.

FIG. 30 shows a view corresponding to that of FIG. 29 a further embodiment of the additional masses.

31 shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of a motor in which the torque is achieved by means of mass compression or mass thinning is generated, and in which at least one Peltier element is used as a heat source and heat sink dien @ Fig. 32 shows a detail of a rotor in which the heat is supplied by inductive Heat occurs.

33 shows a detail of a further rotor in which the heat is supplied takes place through ohmic heat.

34 shows a circuit diagram of an arrangement for generating of electric current by means of the rotor and a peltier electronic generator element.

35 shows a circuit diagram of a further arrangement for generating of electric power, in which an electric generator is driven by the rotor and a Peltier element is connected as a heat pump, which is the heat source and which forms the heat sink.

36 shows a front view of another rotor which is a variant of the rotor of FIG.

FIG. 37 shows a plan view of the rotor from FIG. 36.

38 shows a detail of a variant of that in FIGS. 17, 18 and 25 shown rotor, in which the generation of a torque by means of mass dilution or mass compression takes place.

39 shows a further variant in a schematic side view of a rotor with sector stars made of thermo-bimetals on the circumference of a supporting frame are arranged.

In Fig. 1 is the generation of a torque by increasing the mass and mass reduction shown schematically. To one indicated with SR by their Storage fixed axis of rotation is supported by a rotor that, if all of its Parts have the same temperature, is balanced about the axis of rotation 5R and with a rotation around this the one marked with R, through the vertical hatching describes indicated rotor turning circle. When the rotor is out of its thermal equilibrium is brought, i.e. if, for example, between the left in Fig. 1 and that in Fig. 1 right part of the rotor a temperature difference is generated, it comes due the thermal expansion and shrinkage to an increase or decrease in mass related to the rotation axis SR. This means that along a radius vector the center of gravity of the rotor area extending along the radius vector or The rotor part moves inwards or outwards. In rig. 1 is assumed to be In the left area a mass decrease has taken place in the right area a mass increase Has. the mass rotation circle which coincides with the rotor rotation circle R in temperature equilibrium shifts as a result, as with the horizontally hatched knitted oval M indicated, to the right, the center of mass being indicated by Sm to the eccentricity e assumes a shifted position. Assume that on the rotor a gravitational force acts, the direction of which is indicated by the arrow g. Through this a force F acts in the center of mass 5m, which is equal to the product the mass m of the rotor and the gravitational constant g. Since the axis of rotation SR of the rotor, a torque Md arises around it, which is caused by the following formula is given M d = F 'e = m' g w e. smoke this torque the rotor is turned clockwise.

Whether the mass increase or mass decrease in the "warmed up" or "cooled down" The area of the rotor takes place depends on the design of the rotor.

The direction of rotation can be changed by reversing the heat source and heat sink be reversed in each case.

Practical examples of the formation of a rotor in which the Torque is achieved by increasing or decreasing mass, are shown in the figures 17, 18 and 25 as well as 27 and 28 are shown. If the rotor according to the examples of FIGS. 27 and 28 are rods or segments made of a material with a large longitudinal extent if the mass increase takes place in the warmer area of the rotor, the mass decrease in the colder area of the same. If, on the other hand, the rotor according to the examples of Figures 17, 18 and 25 on a disk, a roller, a ring or a support frame, which themselves are not subject to great thermal expansion, held thermal bimetallic bodies or strips, the mass is increased or

Mass reduction in the warm or cold area of the rotor, depending on the situation whether the strongly stretching or the less stretching side of the bimetal to the outside or is mounted facing inwards.

In Fig. 2, a rotor is shown in which the torque is essentially by means of mass compression and / or mass dilution in discrete areas of the rotor is effected. With the mass compression and mass dilution go with the ones shown Examples also include small increases or decreases in mass, which also contribute to the formation of the torque. For the sake of simplifying the nomenclature However, in these documents, it is generically used by Storen in these cases of the type of mass compression / mass dilution. The rotor is in this too Trap designed so that it is in thermal equilibrium, i.e. when all its parts maintain the same temperature, is balanced. Its axis of rotation, designated by, then passes through the rotor's center of gravity. at Creation of a temperature difference between different areas of the rotor, in the case shown, the left and right areas, they come together there Mass thinning or mass compression. This means that in one area the mass occupancy per unit area is lower, in another area the mass occupancy per unit area increases. The curve N divides that of the rotor turning circle R 'limited area into two areas Ax and Ay, one of which is area AX with one vertical area, the other area Ay indicated with horizontal hatching is. The areas AX and have the same masses mX = @Y, but the mass occupancy in the area AX is larger than in the area AY. The center of gravity of the area AX Sxl denotes the center of gravity of the area Ay with, the distances between these centers of gravity of the axis of rotation are indicated by rX and ry. Through the mass compression and the mass dilution shifts the total center of gravity Sm 'from the axis of rotation SR, out by an eccentricity e ', as shown in FIG. if the rotor iw: a gravitational field is arranged, which is in the direction of the arrow @ es g acts, this creates a torque Md 'around the axis of rotation SR ,, which the rotor rotates clockwise. The magnitude of the torque is determined by the eccentricity e ' = | rx - ry | which consists of the eccentrically displaced mass of the rotor. The principle the mass compression and the mass dilution can preferably be carried out by reach the axis like spokes or rods protruding thermal bimetallic elements. Whether the mass compression or the mass dilution on the "warm" or "cold" The area of the rotor takes place also depends on how the thermal bimetals with respect to their more stretching layer to the axis of rotation or @@@ - are tiert. Examples for rotors where a torque @ is generated by mass compression and mass dilution is generated, are described in FIGS. 16 and 19 with 24 and 26 and 31 with 33. The mass compression and the mass thinning according to FIG. 2 are carried out as above mentioned, each with a small increase in mass and mass lowering associated, which is not recorded in Fig. 2 itself. It is of course also possible the two separated for the sake of clarity on the basis of FIGS. 1 and 2 Possibilities shown for a torque generation combined and superimposed to be used for the production of mobiles and motors.

In Figures 3 with 8, 1 denotes a rotor in each case, the is rotatably mounted about a shaft passing through its axis of rotation 2. With 3 a ... 3 f are each a heat source, 4 a ... 4 f denotes a heat sink. the Arrows 5 a .. 5 f each indicate the Wrtnefluß from the heat source to the rotor 1, the Arrows 6 a .. 6 f the WNrmefluß from the rotor 1 to the heat sink 4 a ... 4 f again. The dotted lines indicate the heat flow in the rotor. the Dashed Rurvenzilge indicate the flow circuit of a heat exchanger fluid again if this is carried out in a closed circuit. The dash-dotted ones Lines show the flow of heat exchange fluids when they are in the open Are circulated. The basic mode of operation is now based on this legend of the devices shown schematically in Figures 1 with 8 understandable.

In the example of FIG. 3, the heat source 3 a and the heat sink 4 a mounted opposite one another in the radial direction on the outside of the rotor 1, whereby the heat transfer takes place by means of radiation.

In the example of FIG. 4, there are a heat source 3b and a heat sink 4 b mounted diametrically opposite each other inside the rotor 1, with they give off heat to the rotor 1 in the radial direction by means of radiation and from record this.

In the example of FIG. 5, a heat source 3 c and a heat sink 4 c on the end faces of the rotor 1 and 'based on its diameter, diametrically opposite each other arranged, the Wc '; rmeübertraqung here also takes place by means of radiation.

In the example shown in Fig. 6, a heat source 3 d and a heat sink 4 d on an end face of the rotor 1 with respect to the axis of rotation 2 arranged at diametrically opposite locations, the heat transfer takes place by means of radiation parallel to the axis of rotation 2.

The arrangement of FIG. 7 corresponds essentially to that of that of Fig. 6, but here the heat source 3 e and the heat sink 4 e with each other are connected that a heat recovery takes place. For the heat transfer three different possibilities are shown, on the one hand the heat transfer by means of radiation according to the arrows S e, 6 e and the dotted line Line, secondly the heat transfer by means of a heat transfer fluid that is guided in a closed circuit according to the dashed line, and thirdly, by means of a heat transfer fluid, that in an open circuit guided according to the dash-dotted lines and the arrows attached to them and which enters the rotor at the bottom left and after passing through the heat sink and the WärmetTue le exits at the top left of it. This guidance of a heat exchanger fluid is used, for example, when the heat source is via a combustion process is formed in which the heat exchange fluid participates or when the heat exchange fluid flows past countercurrent heat exchangers in the heat source and in the heat sink.

In the example of FIG. 8, a heat source 3 f and a heat sink 4 f at two d @ ametrally opposite points in relation to the djc axis of rotation the rotor circumference is arranged in such a way that it can be opened or closed by means of an Circulating heat exchange fluid that acts on the rotor in a radial direction impinges, heat is transferred to and from the rotor. The heat transfer fluid can also transfer its kinetic energy to the rotor during this AndEKnuñg, see above that in addition to the torque caused by thermal expansion a Component induced by the kinetic energy of the heat transfer fluid is added.

In the figures 9 to 11 different motors are shown at which a torque on a shaft 7 due to temperature differences on the rotor 1 is delivered. In the motor of FIG. 9, the shaft 7 is rotatable in a housing 8 stored and against displacement in the axial direction by rings 9 a and 10 a secured. The housing 8 completely encloses the rotor 1 on its upper side and at its front below. The housing 8 consists of a thermally well insulating Material or at least has a heat-reflecting layer at the top of its interior or heat storage layer 11. On its front side, the housing 8 contains a window 12, in which a glass pane 13 and behind it at least one heat-insulating glass pane 14 are arranged. The open from the housing 8 at the lower and rear ends left area is closed with a heat exchanger membrane 15, through which, as indicated by the arrow 16, the rotor of its in the lower area of the housing 8 located parts can radiate heat and cool down in the process. The arrow 17 indicates a supply of heat through the disks 13 and 14, through which the rotor is heated in the upper region of the housing 8 forming a heat accumulation chamber. the The heat supply indicated by the arrow 17 can, for example, be brought about by direct sunlight be effected, optionally by a lens or other collecting device is concentrated. Such a collecting device can also be used instead of the disks 13, 14 can be used. The heat exchanger chermenibrane 15 is not required if the rotor 1 can openly exchange heat with the environment and this is desired. By the heat supply according to the arrow 17, the rotor 1 is heated in the upper area, so that it experiences a mass displacement and, as indicated by arrow 18, starts to turn. During this rotation, the first gets warmed Area downwards, where it corresponds through the release of energy.

corresponding to that. Arrow 16 cools, so that there is a mass shift back comes. This process is repeated continuously for the successive ones Segments of the rotor, so that a torque is output on the shaft 7.

Fig. Lo shows an engine in which an energy recycling is carried out will. The rotor 1 is accommodated in a heat-insulated housing 19 via its shaft 7. The housing 19 is formed by a channel ko which opens at the bottom of the rotor 1 on the front side interspersed.

As indicated by the arrow 21, the rotor is fed via the channel 20 1, a cooling fluid, for example cooling air, is supplied, which after enforcement according to the drawing of the lower region of the rotor, as indicated by arrow 22, in a channel 23 which opens at the opposite end face of the rotor emerges. The channel 23 is deflected within the housing 19 in such a way that it is out of sight the drawing leads to the upper part of the rotor on its right end face, In the channel 23 is a fan driven by the rotor 1 via the shaft 7 24 is provided, which via the channel 20 in the lower part of the rotor and the channel 23 the cooling fluid is drawn in, as indicated by arrow 25, and it is applied to the upper part of the rotor leads. The cooling fluid is heated in the process. In the downstream to dtl fan 24 lying area of the channel 23 opens a not shown burner nozzle, by means of which a fuel, as indicated by the arrow 26, is supplied to the cooling fluid which reacts with it giving off heat and heats it before it enters the Rotor 1 arrives, which it after a certain cooling by a front side in 10 on the left of the rotor opening channel 27 as exhaust gas, as indicated by arrow 28 indicated, leaves. A practical embodiment of this motor is shown in Fig. 22 shown. By cooling and heating the different areas of the rotor 1 this is set in rotation as indicated by the rotating arrow. Be @ more suitable Design of the rotor can also reduce the energy of motion of the hot fluid to the rotor are delivered and contribute to its torque.

Another heat source can be connected instead of the burner be. That via the channels 20, 23 and 27 as well as the rotor 1 and the fan 27 pumped heat transfer fluid is then indirectly heated. By connecting the Channels 2o and 7 can be a closed circuit for the heat transfer fluid achieve. The exiting from the channel 27 is thereby passed through a heat exchanger heated heat transfer fluid is cooled.

In Fiq. 11 is a schematic of the structure of a turbine-type drive motor shown. For reasons of clarity, the management and control system for the heat transfer fluids are omitted because they are based on the following group diagrams Figures 12 to 14 and 34, 35 has been discussed in more detail.

The engine shown in Fig. 11 consists of one in one area heated and cooled in another area rotor 1, to avoid Heat losses is completely surrounded by an insulating jacket 29. The shaft 7 leads out of the insulating jacket on its front side and on its rear side and is stored in this. The shaft 7 drives a heat pump 30, which together with the rotor, which is surrounded by the insulating jacket, in a streamlined motor housing 31 is attached, the one indicated by the dashed lines 33 under its outer skin 32 Contains indicated heat exchanger, via which the heat pump 30 of the environment, i.e. extracts heat from the air or water, for example. At the front end of the Motor housing 31 emerges from the shaft 7. At this free end of the shaft 7 is a Turbine 34 attached, which the medium of the environment on the motor housing 31 and so that it goes past the heat exchanger 33. The turbine 34 is the motor housing on its side almost touching edge formed with sharp edges 35, which at the beginning of a Ice on the front part of the outer skin 32 scrape off the layer of ice that is forming or strip off. Finally, on the rearward part of the shaft 7, there is an electric motor generator 36 attached. He is from wave 7 driven and can ever Depending on the operating mode, it is used as a starter motor or as a generator to generate electricity will. In the circuit of the heat pump there is also an energy supply, not shown, for example provided by means of a heater, a burner or the like. Of the The motor of FIG. 11 is pivotally supported by pivot pins 37 and a bearing block 38. When the engine is running, the heat pump generates, possibly supported by the external heat supply, the temperature difference necessary for the operation of rotor 1, by cooling the environment via the heat exchanger 33. Since the heat pump 30 from Rotor 1 itself is driven, the commissioning is to start the arrangement of the motor 36 is required.

The operation of the motors according to the principle of the present invention takes place with particularly high efficiency when heat recovery takes place, and the energy drawn from the rotor on the cold side through the warm side "Escycling" is fed back. Heat pumps are particularly suitable for this. In FIGS. 11 to 15, 34 and 35 are different variants of such an operation based on group diagrams er1Sutert.

These circuits can be used for the operation of the n lo and in the figures 11 described motors and their variants can be used.

In the circuit of Fig. 12, the rotor 1 are at two diametrically.

at opposite points heat exchangers 40 and 41 opposite one another, A line 43 leads from the heat exchanger 40 to a heat pump compressor 44 and from this a line 45 to the second heat exchanger 41. From the heat exchanger 41 leads a line 46 to a heat pump expansion valve 47, one of which Line 48 returns to the first heat exchanger 40. The heat exchangers 40 and 41 are thus used in a heat pump circuit, which consists of lines 43, the Heat pump compressor 44, the lines 45, 46, the expansion valve 47 and the line 48 and in the order mentioned, i.e. in the direction of that shown in FIG Arrows, flow through. Since the heat exchanger 40 between the expansion valve 47 and the heat pump compressor 44 is arranged, enters the Heat exchanger 40 a very strongly cooled W-Irmeül) transfer fluid, so that the heat exchanger 40 serves as a heat sink and the rotor 1, as indicated by arrow 49 indicated, withdraws energy. The heat transfer fluid flowing through the heat exchanger 40 heats up more and more, so that it exits the heat shear 40 is already warmed up. Through the pump compressor 44, the heat transfer fluid heated further, so that it enters the heat exchanger 41 hot, which is thus as a heat source serves and the opposite part of the rotor 1, as indicated by the arrow So, Supplies energy. The heat transfer fluid flowing through the heat exchanger 41 is cooled in this case, so that it exits into the line 46 already relatively cold, before it enters the expansion valve 47 and continues after flowing through it is cooled. The heat pump compressor 44 is of the shaft 2 of the rotor 1 directly driven, for which, as indicated by arrow 51, energy is consumed. In the line 43 opens into a line 52 into which a motor-controlled flow reducing valve 53 is inserted. The line 52 emanates from a heat exchanger 54, the over a line 56, which branches off from the line 48, with part of that from the expansion valve 47 cooled heat transfer fluid is charged. The heat exchanger 54 is at a standstill with the environment in heat exchange and withdraws this, as indicated by the arrow 55, Warmth. The heat exchanger 54 can furthermore be attached in its interior via a Heat exchanger, in the case shown, one connected to a voltage source Heating coil 57, as indicated by arrow 58, is supplied with additional energy will. The heat required for the operation of the rotor 1 is thus over the heat exchanger 54 through the absorbed from the environment, indicated by the arrow 55, and / or the one supplied via the heating coil 57 and indicated by the arrow 58 Heat supply covered.

In Fig. 13 means that indicated by dash-dotted lines Box a the entire circuit shown in FIG. In the Fig. 13 therefore differs from that in FIG. 12 only in that on the axis of rotation 2.

of the rotor 1 coinciding shaft, a generator-motor 59 is attached is, depending on the circuit, as indicated by the arrow 6o, energy in the form of Supplies electricity or, as indicated by arrow 61, absorbs energy, i.e. as Start motor is used.

In Fig. 14 denotes the box surrounded by dash-dotted lines b shows the entire circuit of FIG. 13. The arrangement differs from this only in that on the axis of rotation 2 of the rotor 1 coinciding with t Shaft a turbine 62 is supported, which performs the same functions as the Turbine 34 of the engine shown in FIG. 11. On the one hand, this means that the turbine 62 prevents the heat exchanger 54 from icing up, and on the other hand that it prevents the heat exchanger 54 supplies the medium to the environment, which is cooled by the heat exchanger 54 is, further, as indicated by the arrow 63, a drive power accomplishes. The circuit shown in Fig. 14 therefore includes an example of the operation of the in @@ g. 11 motor shown.

In Fig. 15 a variant of the circuit of Fig. 13 is shown The rotor 1 is here directly from a in contrast to the examples Fig. 11 to 14, non-pressurized heat exchange fluid flowing through it, which is supplied by a by the rotor driven circulation pump or a fan 64 in a closed Circulation is pumped around. The fan or circulation pump 64 is from the rotor 1 driven. The circuit for the heat transfer fluid consists of a line 65, which the circulation pump resp.

the fan 64 leads to a first countercurrent heat exchanger 65.

A line 67 leads from the countercurrent heat exchanger 66 to the end face of the rotor 1 through which the heat transfer fluid, as by the puncturing 68 indicated, flows freely through the upper area, for which purpose it is necessary that it not is under overpressure. After its exit from the rotor 1, the heat transfer fluid flows via a line 69 in which a motor-controlled Flow reducing valve 70 is attached to a heat exchanger 71 and from this via a line 72, to a second countercurrent heat exchanger 73, which is silver a line 74 leaves, which on the lower part of the rotor 1 on the left end face flows out. The heat transfer fluid flows through the lower area of the rotor, such as indicated by the dots 75, and exits from this into a line 76, which leads back to the circulation pump 64.

A provided with a control valve 77 branches off from the line 69 Line 78 from, which leads to a designated K reservoir for the cold heat transfer fluid leads. A line provided with a control valve 79 opens into the line 72 80, which leads from a container W with warm heat transfer fluid.

In the heat exchanger 71, a heating device is attached which in the case shown, one fed by a voltage source. Heating coil 81 forms.

The counterflow heat exchangers 66 and 73, the primary side in the above described circuit for the heat transfer fluid are switched on, lie on the secondary side in a heat pump circuit. The heat pump circuit consists of one of the countercurrent heat exchanger 66 leading out line 83, which to a Expansion valve 84 leads. The expansion valve 84 is via a line 85 to the Secondary side of the second countercurrent ',' heat exchangers 73 connected from the in turn, a line 86 leads to a heat pump compressor 87, which has a Line 88 is in turn connected to the first countercurrent heat exchanger 66 on the secondary side is. To simplify understanding, the individual pipe sections the temperatures given in these prevailing temperatures. On the shaft of the rotor 1 is finally a generator starting motor 89, as in the case of the example of FIG. 13, appropriate.

When approaching the circuit of fi. 15 underlying Metors the fan 64, the rotor 1 and the heat pump compressor are first activated via the starter motor 89 87 powered. From the circulation pump 64, the heat transfer fluid is in that of the lines 65, 67, 69, 72, 74 and 76 formed circuit pumped around, whereby it flows through the rotor at the points marked 68 and 75. That Heat transfer fluid is first in the heat exchanger 71 through the heating coil 81 heated, or it is already via the line 80 and the control valve 79 warm fluid fed into the circuit. The warm flowing in line 72 heat transfer fluid is cooled in the heat exchanger 73, since this is secondary of the very cold in the expansion valve 84 and designated as "ice cold", is acted upon via the line 85 supplied fluid of the heat pump circuit. The heat transfer fluid is thereby also cooled so that it is in the Line 74 flows "ice cold" and enters the rotor 1 as such.

The heat transfer fluid is withdrawn from the rotor 1 at its with the Dash-dotted line 75-indicated pass heat and emerges from the rotor 1 into the Line 76 is heated. In this heated state, it flows over the circulation pump 64 and the line 65 to the first countercurrent heat exchanger 66 and continues there heated, since the countercurrent heat exchanger 66 on the secondary side via the line 88 is connected to the output of the heat pump compressor 87, which over the second direct flow heat exchanger 73 the heat transfer fluid coming from the heat exchanger 71 extracted heat increased by mechanically performed compression work. The fluid in the heat pump circuit, cooling takes place in the countercurrent heat exchanger 66, see above that it flows through the line 83 only warm to the expansion valve 84. That Heat transfer fluid heated via counterflow heat exchanger 66 enters at the top the rotor, 1 a, partially heats it and cools it down by the dash-dotted lines 68 indicated passage through the rotor largely ah, so that it is cold about the Line 69 to the heat exchanger 71 comes. As the heat transfer fluid the heat exchanger 71 cools below the ambient temperature, it takes there, as by the arrow 9o indicated, heat from the environment, so that the heat supply according to of. Arrow 90a over the heating coil 81 largely and possibly completely omitted can. As soon as a temperature difference is generated in the rotor 1, it begins to rotate, so that now the starter motor 89 is switched off or switched over as a generator can be. In this operating state, as indicated by arrow 81 a, electrical energy can be taken from the system. It goes without saying, however also possible to drive a machine or a turbine instead of the generator.

The "sun gear" shown in a front view in FIG. 16 consists of one Foot 83 a, to which a support ring 85 a is attached via a stand 84 a, which means a traverse 86 a carries a bearing 87 a, in which a rotor 88 a with its hub is held.

The rotor 88 a, which is in the example shown in the thermal Equilibrium consists of a number of radially protruding from the hub Spokes 89 a, which are arranged at angular intervals from one another. In the example shown, the rotor contains 12 spokes. The spokes are made of Thermal bimetal strips, in which the interface between the metal layers with different expansion capacity parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor. The spokes 89 a are blackened or colored dark on one side, as indicated for example by the arrow D, and on the other with the side indicated by the reference character H is designed in a reflected manner or colored in a light color. When the sun wheel is placed in the sun, those facing the sun heat up dark surfaces of the spokes stronger than the bright sides facing the sun, so that the spokes bend differently and thus in a part of the circular sector create a mass compression, in another a mass dilution.

This creates a torque that causes the sun gear to rotate.

When the arrangement shown in Fig. 16 with part of the rotor in a cage is attached, for example as shown in Fig. 9, the spokes are blackened or darkened on both sides.

The motor shown in Figures 17 and 18 includes a housing that from a tube-like held between two plate-like side elements 91 and 92 Wall part 93 consists through which through bores 94 that are aligned with one another to 97 reach into which connecting bolts 98 to lol are inserted, Mittel.s of which the side elements 91, 92 and the tubular wall part 93 are pressed together will. The plate-like side elements 91, 92 are rectangular on their underside formed and provided with bores 102 and 1c3 for attaching a stand. In the middle of the plate-like side elements 91 and 92 are, as can be seen from FIG. Through bores attached, in which bearing shells 104 and 105 are received. The female 1o6 of the rotor is mounted in the bearing shells 104, 105, whereby it is by means of one fixing ring with sliding washer 107 and 108 is prevented from longitudinal displacement St.

A hub is located on the shaft 106 by means of fixing rings 109 and 11o 111 of the rotor disk which is integrally connected to this and protrudes radially from it 112 Non-rotatably connected by tongue and groove. The rotor disk 112 has an outer contour in the form of an equilateral polygon, in the illustrated case an equilateral one Octagon. At their straight outer edges 113 a to 113 h are means of screws 114 thermal bimetallic strips 115 a to 115 h attached in their middle in such a way that they extend substantially perpendicular to rotor disk 112 if they all at a constant, the so-called neutral temperature, e.g. room temperature are held. The thermal bimetallic strips 115 a to 115 h correspond in length almost the length of the tubular wall part 93. At the free ends of the Thermal bimetallic strips 115 a to 115 h, additional masses 116 a to 116 h and 117 a hi 117 h are attached, which are used by the thermal bending of the thermal bimetallic strips induced torque to increase shaft 106.

The additional masses 116 a to 116 h and 117 a to 117 h are shown in FIG Trap welded to the ends of the thermal bimetallic strips 115 a to 115 h. the Thermal bimetallic strips are also on their surface for better heat absorption and output blackened, the inside of the housing in which the rotor rotates, is divided into two chambers 119 and 120 by means of a partition 118. The partition 118 is designed in such a way that the rotor disk 112 and the thermal bimetallic strips 115 a to 115 h with the additional masses 116 a to 116 h, 117 a attached to them up to 117 h from chamber 119 to chamber 120 and vice versa. The chamber 119 is penetrated by a heat exchanger 121, the chamber 120 by a heat exchanger 122. As can be seen from FIG. 18, the heat exchangers 121, 122 are tubular formed and reach at least at the point of attachment of the thermal bimetals on the rotor disk 112 as close as possible to this.

The heat exchanger 121 is b openings 123 and 124, the heat exchanger 122 outwardly from the tubular wall part via openings 125 and 126 and, in a manner not shown, to corresponding inlets and outlets for the from connected to them flowing through heat transfer fluids. The surfaces of the heat exchangers 121 and 122 in chambers 119 and 120 are preferably blackened.

The motor housing is made of a heat-insulating material or is covered with a thermal insulation layer. Inside are the case and the partition wall 118 is provided with a heat reflection layer 127.

The engine is shown in Figures 17 and 18 during operation. Here, the heat exchanger 121 passing through the chamber 119 becomes as if through the with "1hot" indicated arrow, charged with a hot heat transfer fluid, that after its heat has been given off to the rotor, as indicated by the arrow "Zwarm", exits from this again. The heat exchanger 122 passing through the chamber 12o becomes as indicated by the arrow "very cold3", with a strongly cooled heat transfer fluid charged, which after a heat absorption from the rotor, as indicated by the arrow "Kalt4" indicated, exits the engine again after a noisy flow. One recognizes from the Arrows that the two heat transfer fluids pass through the rotor in countercurrent, so that there is a large temperature difference at both ends of the two chambers. As a result of the heating of the rotor parts that are currently in danger in chamber 119 the associated thermal bimetallic strips 115 cF, 115 f ,, 115 a and 115 h in increasing Dimensions bent in such a way that the additional masses 11Gc, 116b, 116 a, 116 h and 1t7 c, 117 b, 117 a, 117 h an increasingly larger tt, stood from the Take wave 1o6. In the chamber 120 finc: on the other hand, cooling takes place so that the thermal bimetallic strips 115 g, 115 f, 115 e and 115 that are currently located there d are increasingly bent to the effect that the on additional masses attached to them 116 g, 116 f, 116 c, 116 d and 117 g, 117 f, 117 c, 117 d are increasingly lowered, i.e. moved in the direction of the shaft. This The process can be clearly seen from FIGS. 17 and 18. Through this increase in mass and mass lowering results in a mass displacement, which is indicated by Dm Mass displacement oval is shown and a clockwise rotation of the rotor evokes. With e the corresponding eccentricity of the rotor is shown, this due to the temperature differences in the one shown in the figures Has commercial condition.

If the thermal bimetallic strip is reversed as in the case shown are mounted, there is an increase in the area of the heat sink and in the area the heat source to lower the same, so that the charging of the heat exchanger 121 and 122 with a hot and cold medium, respectively, reversed as described above Case has to take place if the same direction of rotation is desired.

A reverse direction of movement in the motor can be achieved by that one in each of the heat exchangers 121 and 122 the input and output door the corresponding Heat exchange fluid interchanged.

The thermal bimetallic strips can of course be attached to the rotor disk also be attached in other ways, for example by gluing or welding. Furthermore, instead of a rotor disk, a rotor roller, a ring support frame or another holder can be provided, which holds the thermal bimetallic strips hold at an appropriate distance from the axis.

The temperature curve in the engine is through the one on the lower left 17 shown at the corner of FIG Corners show the inlet and outlet temperatures of the heat exchangers 121 and 122 according to the numbers on the arrows mentioned above.

While Figures 17 and 18 show an example of an engine, in which the torque is achieved by increasing and decreasing the mass, Figures 19 and 20 show an example of a motor in which the torque im essentially produced by mass compression and mass dilution '.

The motor of Figures 19 and 20 includes a housing made of plate-like Wall elements 128 and 129 made of a thermally insulating Material, Ring elements 130 to 132, also made of a warm insulating material, and Side walls 134 and 135, which for example consist of sheet metal and on their lower legs contain the feet 136 and 137, the bores 138 and 139 are provided for receiving fastening bolts. The wall elements, ring elements and side walls are screwed together using connecting bolts 140 to 143, which through aligned holes in the corresponding components extend. The side walls 134 and 136 contain flanges in their centers 145 and 146 limited openings in which ball bearings 147 and 148 are received. In the ball bearings 147 and 3 is a bearing and spacer sleeves 149 and 15o shaft 151 provided with a polygonal profile is rotatably supported, with the Bearing and spacer sleeves 149 and 150 engaging fixing rings 152 and 153 and on Fixing rings 154 and 155 engaging the shaft cause a displacement of the shaft 151 in prevent axial direction. Between the bearing and spacer sleeves 149 and 150, i.e. inside the housing, rotors 155 a are alternating on the shaft 151, 155 h, 155 c and 155 c, as well as spacer sleeves 156 a, 156 b and 156 c attached. the As can best be seen from FIG. 19, rotors also consist of a hub-like type "Grundroter" designated area 1 157 and in this, for example, arranged at equal angular intervals, radially extending Slots supported spokes 158 a to 158 h, which are made of identically arranged thermal bimetallic strips exist and carry additional masses 159 a to 159 h at their free ends. The thermal bimetallic strips are also arranged here so that their interface between the two metal layers different thermal expansion parallel to the longitudinal axis 3 of the shaft 151 get lost.

It can be seen from Fig. 2o that the spacer sleeves 156 a and 15i c between the rotors 155 a and 155 b and between the rotors 155 c and 155 d are wider than the spacer sleeve 156 b between the rotors 155 b and 155 c. The wider spacers 156 a and 156 c allow the attachment of heat exchangers 160 and 161 between the Rotors 155 a and 155 b or 155 c and 155 d. The heat exchangers 160 and 161 exist of heat exchanger plates 162, which are placed between the ring elements 13c 151 and 132 are trapped and fill the entire cross-section of the interior of the Notor. the The circuit boards of each heat exchanger are protruding under the surface of the ring elements Connecting flanges 163 or 163 'and 164 are provided, of which supply channels 165 and 166 to the beginning and the end of a meandex around the wave un <t to an lead this approaching media channel 1o7.

Each of the heat exchangers 160 shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 and 161 an expansion nozzle 168 is inserted into the media channel 167, which the Media channel 167 divided into two approximately equal halves. The connecting flange 163 is via a line 169, which is only indicated, at the outlet of a compressor 170 connected, that of the engine itself or one not shown in the drawing Start motor is driven. The second connection flange 164 is via a line 171 connected to a heat exchanger 172, from which a line 173 to the compressor 170 leads. A heat supply, which is shown in FIG. 1, opens into the heat exchanger 172 Trap is formed by a storm-flowed heating coil 174 and, as by indicated by arrow 175, supplies energy to the system.

The one from the line 169, the connecting flange 163, the feed channel 165, the media channel 167 provided with the expansion nozzle 168, the supply channel t66, flange 164, line 171, heat exchanger 172 and line 173, as well as the circuit formed by the compressor 170 represents a heat pump circuit, with which a recovery, i.e. a recycling, of the energy withdrawn from the rotor In the case of the nctriel) of the motor, that which is heated by the compressor 170 is heated Heat transfer fluid Via the line 169, the connecting flange 163, the supply channel 165 and the subsequent part of the media channel 167 is supplied. The heat transfer fluid cools in the media channel 167 continuously from where it is its heat on the rotor transfers after the heat transfer fluid has passed through the expansion nozzle 168 the heat transfer fluid is greatly cooled, so that - as it passes through it serves as a heat sink through the rest of the media channel 167 and removes heat from the rotor, before it exits via the feed channel 166, the flange 164 into the line 171 and absorbs heat in the heat exchanger 172. This heat absorption takes place while the Motor and heat transfer fluid entering heat exchanger 172 greatly cooled essentially by absorbing environmental heat, as indicated by arrow 176 is. Those supplied by the heating coil 174 are indicated with the reference symbol 175 The supply of heat can largely recede here and with very favorable degrees of efficiency also completely omitted.

To ensure that even those lying on the edge of the engine are heated evenly Reaching rotors 155 a and 155 d are the areas opposite the rotors The lath-like wall elements 128, 129 are provided with a heat-reflecting layer 177.

The motor shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 can be modified to this effect that instead of the continuous media channel provided with the expansion nozzle 168 167 the heat exchangers 16) o and 161 by two with one inlet and one outlet each provided independent media channels are provided, which interact with a heat pump cycle or independently of one with a hot and a cold heat transfer fluid can be charged.

In the motor described above, as shown in Fig.

19 can be seen through the heating in the first part of the media channel a mass dilution and by cooling in the second part of the media channel 167 caused a mass compression, which <to the eccentricity denoted by e of the rotor and thereby generate a torque that turns the motor clockwise turns. With the reverse installation of the thermal bimetallic rods or with the reverse arrangement The opposite direction of rotation results from the heat source and heat sink.

At the lower left corner of Fig. 19 is a diagram reproduced, the temperature curve in the engine as a function of the heat exchanger length shows. The connection temperatures are shown with "1" and "2". One recognises the temperature jump occurring in the area of the expansion nozzle 168 is particularly clear.

FIGS. 21 and 22 show variants of that in FIGS. 19 and 20 shown engine, in which the torque through a mass compression and a Bulk dilution is generated, involving heating and cooling of the various Areas of the rotor instead of by radiation exchange by means of media exchange at least one heat transfer fluid takes place. The engine consists of two together screwed units, a converter module 180 and a heating module 181.

The converter module 180 contains a housing that consists of two end faces forming plate-like wall elements made of a heat insulating material 182, 183, on the outside preferably made of metal side walls 184,185 are applied. The side walls 184 and 185 open at their lower ones Ends in feet 186 and 187 provided with mounting holes. Between the plate-like wall elements are also made of heat-insulating material existing tubular wall part 192 attached with circular cylindrical waste. The side walls 184 and 11; 5, the plate-like wall elements 182, 183 and the tubular wall part 192 are screwed on by means of connecting bolts 188 to 191, which extend from the side wall 184 through aligned holes in the same, in the plate-like wall element 182, in the tubular wall part 192, in the plate-like Wall part 183 and the side wall 185 extend and pressed together by means of nuts are.

Inside the housing additional in the drawing can not heat reflective layers shown be attached.

The side walls 184 and 185 are bores in their center line provided, which are equipped on the outer edge with collars 193 uwf 194 by means of @er ball bearings 195, 196 mounted in the bores on one of them slipping outwards are prevented. In the inner race of the ball bearings 195 and 196 is a polygonal shaft 197 supported, which is prevented from axial displacement by fixing rings 198,199 is. Spacer blocks 200 and 2o1 are attached to the bearings on the shaft 197 pushed on, which just reach the inside of the housing. On the one lying in the housing Part of the shaft 197 si alternating rotor disks 202 a ... 202n and spacer disks 2o3a .. 203n-1 attached .. The rotor disks 202a to 202n correspond in their Structure of the rotor disks 155 a to 150 d shown in FIGS. 19 and 2o Embodiment with the exception that here a larger number of thermal bimetallic strips existing spokes and additional masses attached to them are provided in shown example 24 instead of 8, hereby only an example and the maximum number used in practical embodiments is not addressed. The number of spokes should be so large that the spokes are packed as closely as possible are arranged over the circumference, so that they just do not move disturb. The large number of spokes intended that the following will be explained in more detail By directing a hot and a cold heat transfer fluid these fluids are mixed as little as possible by the rotor.

Instead of or in addition to the spacers 203 a to 203 n-1 spacer washers 210 can also be used, which may be used as in the case of the one in Fig. 20 shown example between corresponding ring elements of the outer wall can be clamped. The spacers 210 have two diametrically opposed to each other opposite ring segment-like openings 204 and 205, as shown in FIG. 21 are shown, wherein successive spacers are arranged so that these ring segment-like openings 204 and 205 over the entire lungs of the transducer module 180 align with each other and form guide channels for the heat transfer fluids. In the area of the segment-like openings 204 and 205, the spacer disks 210 be designed as baffles so that the heat transfer media inherent Energy is delivered to the rotor disks and thus generates additional torque will. The openings 204 and 205 are also aligned with correspondingly shaped openings 206 and 207 in the side wall 184 and the plate-like wall element 182, as well as Corresponding openings 208 and 2o9 in the side wall 185.

and the plate-like wall element 183. Through the openings 206 to 208, the heat transfer fluids flow into and out of the converter module out.

The converter module 180 allows a wide range of uses some of which are shown at 24 in FIGS.

In FIG. 22, the heating module 181 is connected to the converter module 180 by means of a Flanged side wall 211, which is designed to correspond to the side wall 185 is, but without a corresponding stand. The side wall 211 forms a part a base housing 212, which has a substantially U-shaped bent back, with its ends with the openings 208 and 209 aligned channel 213 contains, which is provided with thermal insulation 214 on the outside. In the center of the channel opens the shaft 197, at its end, after the interposition of a spacer 215, a tangential turbine with a fluid flow guide aperture 216 over a sleeve 217 is attached. The tangential turbine is in one at the free end of the shaft 197 axially countersunk threaded hole by means of a fastening screw 218 and his Lock washer 219 attached. The Tangentialui; bine 218 extends to near at the apex of the U-shaped channel 213.

In the area of the channel facing the opening 208 of the transducer module 213 heating devices are attached. As shown in Fig. 22, you can a heat exchanger 220 acted upon by a heat transfer fluid instead however, a heating coil through which current flows can also be used.

The heat exchanger 220 can, as shown in FIG. 21, via feed lines 222 and 223 be connected to a convection circuit 224 of a solar heating system, Line via a collector 225 and a motor control valve 22 @ the necessary heat supply causes The different heat supply can be compensated by means of a heat accumulator, which is not shown. The temperature profile in the heat exchanger 220 is shown in FIG. 21 right below 2n @orm of a scheme.

instead of the heat exchanger 220 or in addition to this, a Burner 227 and a cooperating with this electrical ignition 228 in the Fluid flow of the heating module be provided, by means of which a combustible gas or a solid or liquid fuel is introduced and burned.

Bci the operation of the conversion module 180 and the heating module 181 existing engine is, as indicated by arrow 229 @@ tet, a cooling fluid, e.g. cold air, with the temperature t the opening 207 is sucked in, what ci the commissioning des @@ tor via a star motor, not shown, connected to the drive shaft or one of the hand cranks connected to the drive shaft takes place. The cold air passes through the converter module in its lower area, with the spokes located there the kotor disc cools down and thereby to a temperature t2 warmed up. It emerges from the converter module via the opening 209 and passes over the channel 213 in the area of the heat exchanger 220 and / or the burner 227 where it is heated and / or burned. This is heated to a temperature t3 Air and / or the combustion products then pass again through opening 208 into the converter module, which they enforce at the top in the axial direction, whereby they heat the spokes of the individual rotor disks located there before they, as indicated by the arrow 230, with a reduced due to the heat emission Temperature t4 can exit cold via opening 206. The tangential turbine 216 sucks takes in the air and leads it to the heat exchanger or burner. If instead of the burner only the heat exchanger 22c is used, non-oxygenated Gases or other fluids can be used for heat transfer. The engine can of course also in connection with heat pump cycles and / or one Heat recovery can be operated, for example, according to the circuit diagram of FIG.

The temperature profile in the converter module 180 is shown at the bottom right in FIG. 22 shown, with T1 the temperature on the left and the temperature on the right in the converter and the distance 11 to 12 denotes the length LR of the transducer.

23 shows the converter module 180 with a flange flange-mounted to it on the right Fan module 232. The fan module 232 consists of an annular element 234 made of an insulating material, which is preferably made of a metal or Heat-resistant wall 233 on the front sides and inside limitedWist. In its center opening and in alignment with the shaft 197 of the motor is an axial turbine 235 on the free one End of the shaft 197 attached. It is of course also possible between the Shaft 197 and the axial turbine 23 5 to switch on an intermediate gear, which is always recommended when the converter module rotates slowly. The same applies of course for all driven by the shaft of the rotor Aggregates like the tangential turbine 216 of FIG. 22, fans, compressors, generators, and the like Engines. In one embodiment of FIG. 23, the converter module. 180 of two in the same direction entering the openings 206 and 207 and out of the openings 2o8 and 209 discharging fluid flows, their beginning and end temperatures and its temperature profile inside the converter module in the right of Fig. 23 is illustrated.

If the heat transfer fluids in the converter module with a hollow Flow velocity can be supplied to the heat transfer fluids The inherent kinetic energy is also transferred to the shaft 197 via the axial turbine will. Conversely, it is also possible to use the axial turbine 235 for sucking in the heat transfer fluids to use.

24 shows the converter module 18o in a countercurrent operation at into which the one heat transfer fluid enters via the opening 206 and the opening 2o8 exits and the other heat transfer fluid via the opening 209 in and over the opening 2c, 7 emerges from the converter module. To the right of the converter module is a diagram is shown which reproduces the temperature profile in the engine of FIG.

A particular advantage of the rotors described is that with them the internal friction is very tight and smaller than with conventional piston or can be kept on a motorized motor.

Fig. 25 shows a detail of a rotor in which the torque by the Axis of rotation 2 is brought about by an increase or decrease in mass. On a The shaft, not shown and aligned with the axis of rotation 2, is a rotor disk 238 attached, at the outer end in the radial direction by means of a through the Gluing, welding, screw or rivet connection indicated by reference numeral 239 a thermal bimetallic strip 24s, in relation to its longitudinal extension, in the middle is attached.

The thermal bimetallic strip 240 consists of two tension-neutral Surface 241 is generally left to one another by molecular cold welding Metal layers 242 and 243 that have very different thermal expansion exhibit. The surfaces of the thermal bimetallic strips 240 are as indicated by the reference number 244 indicated, blackened.

There are additional masses at the free ends of the thermal bimetallic strips 240 245 and 246 attached in the form of rectangular weights, with the connections between the additional masses and the thermal bimetallic strips, as indicated by the reference numerals 247 and 248 indicated by gluing, interference fit, welding, compression riveting or the like can be formed. The thermal bimetallic strip 240 with the on his Additional masses 245 and 246 attached to the ends increases at a given, in general temperature corresponding to the ambient temperature, a neutral position which it protrudes vertically from the rotor disk. when heating or cooling of the thermal bimetallic strip 240 there is a bending of the same, which in Depending on whether the metal layer 242 or the metal layer 243 the stronger is expansive, to the mass increase shown in solid lines of FIG or which leads to the mass reduction indicated by dash-dotted lines. A mass lowering is also referred to as a negative, a mass increase as a positive displacement, their amplitude in addition to the mass of the bimetallic rod and the additional masses the size of the torque is determined. It can also be seen from FIG. 25 that for the Achieving a maximum displacement amplitude is important that in the approach area of the thermal bimetallic strip 240 there is a high temperature difference, with optimal Results are achieved when the entire thermal bimetal strip is a large Temperature difference is subjected. Strong heating of the thermal bimetallic strip only in the outside area would, however, only result in a smaller shift and thus lead to a lower torque.

26 shows a detailed view of a rotor in which the torque is achieved by mass compression or mass thinning. The hub-like Area 251 of the rotor disk contains n at equal angular distances α from one another arranged radially extending slots 252 into which the ends of n bimetal strips are held. The drawing shows only two of the same those by reference characters 255 and 256 are marked. The bimetal strips are constructed identically like the bimetallic strip 240 of FIG. 25, so that this is not discussed in more detail must become. The same applies to the corresponding additional masses 257 and 258. The stress-neutral ones Areas 259 and 26o of the bimetal strips 255 and 256 are temperature-neutral State, i.e. when the thermal bimetallic strips 255 and 256 are straight, in planes that contain the axis of rotation and a radius vector emanating from it. Those that occur when the thermal bimetallic strips 255 and 256 are heated or cooled Bending takes place in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 2, wherein the direction of the respective shift depends on which of the metal layers the thermal bimetallic strip, based on the axis of rotation, i clockwise or counter-clockwise are installed in a clockwise direction. The with reference to FIG. the amplitude and the torque also apply here accordingly.

In Fig. 27, a type of rotor is shown in which starting of the hub area surrounding a central recess 263 for receiving the shaft 264 circular sector-like wings 265, a,. 265 n .. are arranged. The wings are each dimensioned the same, being a multiple of that of them and their spacing occupied angular range α forms the Vpllkreis.

The wings 265 a.F. consist of a thermal bimetal or a material with large thermal expansion, the separation surface of the two layers coincides with the plane of the drawing.

Additional masses 266a to 266n are attached to their ends.

The wings 265 a .. si @@@ @@@ - teren blackened or with on their surface for improved heat absorption and release provided with a radiation-selective surface layer. Suggesting this Rotor with inert heat transfer fluid takes place in the direction of the arrows, .7 and / or 268, depending on whether it is only warmed on one side or cooled on one side or whether it is heated on one side and cooled on the other. The Rotcr 27, the wings of which are also turned on, i.e. rotated out of the plane of the rotor can be particularly suitable as a fan or fan, where u is its drive, In addition to the torque, the temperature-related radial displacements the @lügel and the additional masses originate, including those of the flowing heat transfer fluid withdrawn kinetic energy contributes.

In Fig. 28 a variant of the rotor shown in Fig. 27 is indicated, in the case of a polygonal shaft with equilateral edges one of their number corresponding number of straight rods is arranged one behind the other, of which the mutually perpendicular rods 270 and 271 are indicated. never bars are each arranged offset from one another by the angle α. At the ends of the Rods are also attached additional masses, of which only the additional masses 272 and 273 of rod 270 are shown. The bars themselves are made of thermo-bimetal or a material with a large thermal coefficient of longitudinal expansion. The loading of the rotor by means of heat transfer fluids takes place according to the example of 27 in the tangential direction along arrow 274 and / or arrow 275. The possible radial displacements of the individual rods are at the right end of the Fig. 28 is shown schematically. Also those used in the example of FIG. 28 rods are blackened or blackened on the surface for improved heat transfer provided with a radiation-selective surface layer.

29 shows an example of the application of the additional masses the free ends of rotor bars used according to FIG.

n the free end of a state 276 is on its upper side as additional ground a block 277 attached, this being for example. nittel @ gluing, riveting, welding, Soldering @ can be carried out.

Fig. 30 30 shows a further variant for the generation of the additional masses, in which the free end of a rod 278, as indicated by the reference numeral 279, is folded over several times. The attachment of additional masses according to FIG. 29 is also possible if the steel consists of thermal bimetals The configuration according to Fig. However, 30 is more suitable for monometal rods.

Fig. 31 shows another motor which is constructed similarly to that of Fig. 20. The motor includes a housing made of two insulating Plate-like wall elements 282 pass through the center of an output shaft 281 and 283, between which a tubular wall part 284 is clamped.

The housing is thermally insulated in a manner not shown inside optionally with a heat reflective layer, also not shown Mistake. In the interior of the housing, the shaft 281 carries fixing rings 285 and 285 a protected against axial displacement, two retoric disks 286 and 287 which can be designed accordingly like the rotor disks 155 a to 155 d of FIG. 20 or the rotor disks 2o2 a ... 202 n of FIG. 21. In contrast to the rotors described there are in the example shown in FIG Rotor disk 286 reversed the bending direction of the spokes made from thermal bimetallic strips as oriented in rotor disk 287. This means that in the rotor row 286 for example the more stretching and more shrinking of the metal layers of the thermal bimetallic spokes when viewed from above on the rotor in the axial direction clockwise @eist, while with the same viewing direction in the rotor disk 287 counterclockwise shows. The rotor disks 286 and 287 are so far apart by means of a spacer block 288 pushed onto the axis separated, that two Peltier elements 289 and 290 inserted between them as heat exchangers can be. The Peltier elements 289 and 290 are each connected to a DC voltage source, as shown in Fig. 31. By flowing in the polishing elements Current cools down one side surface, while the other side surface is heated. The Peltier element 289 therefore removes the rotor disk 287 in the lower area, as indicated by arrow 291, energy, while as indicated by arrow 292 indicated, the lower part of the rotor disk 286 supplies energy. The Peltier element Conversely, 290 withdraws from the rotor disk '86, as indicated by the arrow 293 in the upper area 1 energy, while it is the rotor disk 287 as indicated by the arrow 294 indicated, ends i e supplies in the upper area. As the thermal bimetallic strips are arranged in the rotor disks 286 and 287 opposite to each other, causes a cooling in the rotor disk 286 has the same mass displacement as a heating in the rotor part 287 and vice versa. So if, for example, in the upper area mass compression of the motor takes place, it occurs in the lower area of the rotor to a mass dilution or vice versa. The Peltier elements can also be made of one another be composed of sequential sectors.

According to a variant of FIG. 31 that is not explicitly shown the motor only contains the Peltier element 290 at the top. Instead of the Peltier element 291 the rotor housing below has a heat-pouring liquid that compensates for the temperature in the thermal bimetallic spokes, so that only one-sided energy supply or removal has to take place.

32 shows a possibility for direct electrical heating discrete areas of the rotor disks. On the rotor disk mounted on a shaft 296 297, at the out For the sake of clarity, they are all made of bimetal strips existing spokes with the exception of the one marked 298 are omitted, is on each of the spokes in the lower adjacent area like this A coil 299 is shown attached to the spoke 298. One end of the coil is connected to the shaft 296, where there is a sliding contact 3oo with a Pole 301 is connected to a voltage source. The other end of the coil 299 is with a sliding contact 3o2 provided, which at a certain rotational position of the rotor disk 297 comes into contact with a permanently attached contact 303. Contact 303 is connected to the other pole 304 of the voltage source. When turning the rotor disk 297 thus successively the sliding contacts 302 of the individual Coils 299 for a short time in engagement with the contact 303, so that during this Time a current flows through the coil 299, which it due to its ohmic resistance and heated due to their inductance. This makes the spoke 298 as well heated, so dan it carries out the desired bending.

A similar arrangement is shown in Fig. 33. Here the spokes are one Rotor disk 306, of which only a single spoke, likewise for the sake of simplicity 307 is shown, heated by de ohmic resistance of a current that he Sliding contacts 308 and 309 during the passage of the rotor disk 306 through A certain angle of rotation flows in which the sliding contacts 308 and 309 with stationary Contacts 310 and 311 connect to the poles 312 and 313 of a voltage source are connected.

In the circuit diagram shown in Fig. 34, the rotor 1 is used for generation of electricity by means of a Peltier element 315. The rotor 1 drives Via its shaft 2 a thermal pump compressor 316, from which a line 317 leads to a first heat exchanger 318, which has a side surface it Peltier element 315 is in heat exchange. A line leads from the heat exchanger 318 319 to a second heat exchanger 320, which is the upper area of the rotor, as through indicated by arrow 321, supplies heat. A line leads from the heat exchanger 320 322, in which an expansion valve 323 is arranged, to a third heat exchanger 324, which is in heat exchange with the other side of the Peltier element 315. A line 325 leads from the heat exchanger 324 to a fourth heat exchanger 326, which, as indicated by the arrow 327, heat the lower area of the rotor 1 withdraws. A line 328 leads from the heat exchanger 326 to the primary side of a Countercurrent heat exchanger 329, from which a line 330 back to the heat pump compressor 316 returns. The countercurrent heat exchanger 329 is, as indicated by the arrow 331, A hot medium is supplied on the secondary side, which is released from it, as indicated by arrow 332 indicated, emerges again. The Peltier element 315 contains two connection terminals 333 and 334, from which, as indicated by the arrow 335, power is taken can.

When this device is operated, this is de-transmitted via line 328 Counterflow heat exchanger 329 supplied warm heat transfer fluid from the Countercurrent heat exchanger 329 heated on the secondary side and then heated goods fed to the line 330 to the heat pump compressor 316, which it through the mechanical energy conducted to it is further heated. The heat transfer fluid then flows through the line 317 in a very strongly heated state to the first heat exchanger 318, so that one side of the Peltier element 315 is kept very hot. That Heat transfer fluid then flows via line 319 to the second heat exchanger 320, which heats the upper area of the rotor 1. Then the cooled flows Heat transfer fluid via line 322 to expansion valve 323, whereby the heat transfer fluid is strongly cooled before it is in the Third heat exchanger 324 enters where there is the second side of Peltier element 315 keeps at a low temperature. The still very cold heat transmission fluid then flows via line 325 to fourth heat exchanger 326 and cools the lower area of the rotor before it is heated somewhat via line 328 again flows to the counterflow heat exchanger 329. Since there is little heat loss in the rotor occur and the heat extracted from the rotor is returned through recycling is, the per se low efficiency of the Peltier element is sufficient to deal with the corresponding the energy supplied to the arrow 331 at the terminals 333 and 334 a relatively large Generate electricity, as indicated by arrow 335.

FIG. 35 shows a variant of the group circuit diagram shown in FIG. The rotor 1 drives a pump 338 via the shaft 2, one of which is a line 339 leads to a first heat exchanger 340, which, as indicated by arrow 341, the Environment removes heat. A line 342 leads from the heat exchanger 340 to one second heat exchanger 343, which, as indicated by arrow 344, is a Peltier element 345 extracts heat. A line 346 leads from the heat exchanger 343 to the end face of the rotor 1 in the upper area, so that that brought about by the line 346 Heat transfer fluid, as indicated by dot 347, passes through the rotor.

After penetrating the rotor, the heat transfer fluid enters a line 348 passes through a pump 349 and arrives via a line 350 in a third heat exchanger 351 in which, as indicated by arrow 352, the Peltier element 345 heat is supplied. A line leads from the heat exchanger 351 353 to the lower region of the rotor 1, in the end face of which it opens, so that the heat transfer fluid emerging from it, as indicated by the dotted line 354, flows through the rotor 1. After leaving flows through the rotor the heat transfer fluid back to pump 338 through line 355. A generator / starter motor 356 is also driven by the rotor 1 via the shaft 2. With both of them Terminals 357 and 358 of a voltage source are, on the one hand, the generator / starter motor 356, on the other hand the Peltier element is connected via electrical lines 359 and 360 345 connected.

To start up the device, terminals 357 and 358 the starter motor 356 is excited so that the rotor 1 is set in rotation. Simultaneously if current is supplied to the Peltier element 34 ') via the lines 399 and 360, see above that this greatly cools the heat transfer fluid flowing into the heat exchanger 351 and strongly heats the heat transfer fluid flowing into the heat exchanger 343. The heat transfer fluid, which has been greatly cooled in the heat exchanger 351, overflows the line 393 into the rotor and cools its lower area. Then flows it is warm via line 355 to pump 338 and via line 339 to the heat exchanger 340, where it absorbs heat from the environment, as indicated by arrow 341. The already heated heat transfer fluid flows via line 342 to the heat exchanger 343, where it is strongly heated in the manner mentioned above before it is passed over the Line 346 flows to the upper region of the rotor 1 and gives off heat to it, so that he turns. The already pre-cooled heat transfer fluid flows via line 348 back to the heat exchanger 352. Once the device is started, can the starter motor 356 can be switched as a generator, so that electrical from the system Power is delivered via terminals 357 and 358, as indicated by arrow 361 can be.

The dolls 338 and 339 can also be decoupled from the rotor, so that these are driven independently e.g. by means of an electric motor, which at the same time the controllability of the system improved. L) em generator is thus omitted the simultaneous Characteristic as a starter motor.

FIG. 36 shows, in front view, a variant of that shown in FIG Rotor. On a hub 363 a central bore 362 for attaching the rotor on a shaft is a number at equidistant angular distances from one another supported by circular sector-like bimetal strips 3631 - 363n, shown in the Case 18 pieces, the parting line between the two layers being different thermal expansion capacity lies in the plane of the drawing. At the free ends the thermal bimetallic strips 3631 363n carry additional masses 3641 - 364nu with a Heating or cooling by bending the thermal bimetallic strips from the The neutral position shown in FIG. 37 is shifted in the positive or negative direction will.

This shift changes the distance between the additional masses from the axis of rotation, which leads to the generation of the torque.

38 shows a thermal bimetal strip 365, the a: -location of the Thermal bimetal strip 115 of the in Fig.

17 and 18 can be used, but from For the sake of simplicity, only one half is shown. The thermal bimetal strip 365 is therefore based on the fastening bores 366a, 366b passing through it Center line MM 'continued to think symmetrically. The thermal bimetal strip 365 is rotated about its own longitudinal axis, so that its free end 367, which is in the illustrated trap with bores 368a and 368b for attaching additional masses or the like is provided at an angle to the plane defined by the central area which can vary between 0 and 900.

When the temperature of the thermal bimetal strip 365 changes the deflection in the positive or in the negative direction which can be seen in FIG. 38 from the neutral position shown. If the angle of twist is 900, is the dividing line between the different materials thermal Expansion capacity in the area of the free end 367 of the thermal bimetal strip 365 in the neutral state in a plane which is defined by the axis of rotation of the in Figs. 17 and 18 goes through if the thermal bimetal strip 365 is at the rotor there instead of the thermal bimetallic strips 115 are used. That Torque is then instead by increasing and decreasing the mass a mass compression or mass thinning is generated. For twists that are below 900 lie, there is an overlap between mass compression and mass lifting or mass dilution and mass lowering.

A twist of the thermal bimetal strips as shown of Fig. 38 is of course also possible if the stripes are not like indicated in Fig. 38, are formed symmetrically to the center line MM '.

Such twisted thermal metal strips can also be used on rotors use, for example as shown in Figs.

27, 28 and 36 are shown, in these cases the rotation a bracket on the hub facilitated, and a closer packing of the thermal bimetal strips allows over the circumference of the rotor.

In Fig. 39 a rotor is shown schematically in side view, in which a support frame formed from struts 371, 372 on a shaft 370 is attached, at the outermost end by means of an II-aging 373 made of thermo-bimetal existing sector disk 374 is held in such a way that it is in the temperature-neutral State occupied plane passes through the axis of rotation of the shaft 370. Instead of Sector disk 374, which can be punched out of a material, can also be use a rotor disk as indicated in FIGS. 27, 28 and 36.

The sector disk 374 or the other rotor disks mentioned above are distributed around the shaft 370 at equidistant angular distances from one another attached to the supporting structure, so that a kind of annular bead is created within it in the event of local temperature changes, mass densification and mass dilution occur. It is also possible to arrange sector disks 374 so that the from them in the temperature-neutral state occupied an angle with the through its center going includes the axis of rotation of the shaft 370 containing plane.

Claims (32)

Device for converting heat into mechanical Energy, with a rotor containing thermo-bimetallic elements, the axis of which is perpendicular is arranged to a force component of a gravitational field, the bimetal elements deformed in one direction in one area of the rotor by heat to be converted and are deformed in a second area by cooling in the opposite direction, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the rotor protrudes from the axis of rotation Contains spoke-like or rod-like elements that lie in planes that define the axis of rotation of the rotor included, and that the spoke-like or rod-like elements in at least consist of a longitudinal piece of thermo-bimetal elements. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that in the thermal bimetal elements the interfaces between the two Layers of different thermal expansion run parallel to the axis of rotation. 3. Device according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k f n nz e i c h n e t that in the thermal bimetal elements the interfaces between the two Layers of different thermal expansion run transversely to the axis of rotation. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that the interfaces between the two layers of different thermal Expansion in the thermal bimetal elements in a temperature-neutral state, vertical run to the axis of rotation. 5. The device according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the spoke-like or rod-like elements in the radial direction of the The axis of rotation. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e k e n n n n z e i c h n e t that the thermal bimetal elements are designed in such a way that that in them the two layers of different thermal training in itself are twisted. 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c It does not mean that the rotation is by 900. 8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z It is true that the interfaces between the two layers are different thermal expansion in the thermal bimetal elements in the area close to the axis in the plane which contain the axis of rotation. 9. Device for converting heat into mechanical energy, with a rotor containing thermo-bimetal elements, the axis of which is perpendicular to a Force component of a gravitational field is arranged, the bimetal elements deformed in one direction in one area of the rotor by inadmissible heat and are deformed in a second area by cooling in the opposite direction, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the thermo-bimetallic elements on the outside Circumference of the rotor are arranged such that they lie in planes which the axis of rotation contain, their free ends in the event of temperature changes due to the heat supply or -Discharge experienced a radial and S or tangential displacement with respect to the axis of rotation. 10. The device according to claim 9, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z ei c n e t that the theriio-T'imetall-elements in their middle area on the outer one of the rotor are attached parallel to the axis of rotation. 1-1. Device according to claim 9 or 10, d u r c h e k e n It should be noted that the interfaces between the two layers are different thermal expansion in the thermo-bimetal elements, if this 1t.re neutral Assume position, lie in planes which run parallel to the axis of rotation. 12. The device according to claim 11, since d u r c h g e k e n ne e i c Note that the planes contain the axis of rotation. 13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c it is noted that the thermosimetallic elements are longitudinal strips. 14. Device according to one of claims 9 to 12, d a d u r c h g I do not know that the hermo bimetallic elements are in the form of slotted disks or star arrangements are formed. 15. The device according to claim 14, d a d u r c h g e -ü e n n z e i c h n e t that the slotted disks or star arrangements circular sector-like areas included that extend from a common hub. 16. Device according to one of claims 9 to 14, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n e i c h n e t that the Thermo-Dimetall elements are designed in such a way that that in them the interfaces between the two layers of different thermal Expansion are twisted. 17. The apparatus of claim 15 or 16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n e i n e t that the interfaces between the two layers different thermal expansion in the area of their attachment to the outside The circumference of the rotor is tangential to this. 18. Device according to one of the preceding claims, g e k e n n z ei c h n e t d u r c h a plurality of rotors, which on a common longitudinal the axis of rotation extending shaft are attached. 19. Device according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e k e n n z e 2 c h n e t that the st, oak or bar-like elements or the metal bodies are provided with additional masses at their free ends. 20. Device according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e k e k e n n n n e c h n e t that the thermal bimetallic elements with one the energy absorption and release-promoting surface are provided. 21. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, d a -d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c 1 n e t that the one side surface of the thermal bimetal elements With one side surface that absorbs radiation and the other with a side surface that reflects radiation Surface is provided. 22. Device according to one of the preceding claims, q e k e n n Draws a heat source that heats the rotor in one area and a heat sink that cools the rotor in a different area. 23. The device according to claim 22, g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h a heat-insulating housing, which the rotor at least in the for the heat provided area surrounds and through a device for introducing the Warmth inside the house. 24. Device according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c It is not noted that this led past the areas of the rotor to be sounded Heat transfer fluid heated by a heat source and then to the is bypassed heating areas of the rotor. 25. The device according to claim 22 or 24, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the at least one rotor is accommodated in a housing, that by at least one thermally insulating partition wall in a warm comb and a cold chamber is divided, wherein the partition is designed so that the passage of the individual rotor areas from the hot chamber into the cold chamber and vice versa allows and that the hot chamber and / or the cold chamber with connections for the supply and discharge of heat transfer fluids are provided. 2h. Apparatus according to claim 18, which is not indicated c h at least one heat exchanger that can be acted upon by a heat transfer fluid, between two rotors the individual spoke-like or rod-like elements at least facing in the area provided for heating. 27. Device according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c it is noted that the at least one rotor is used as a conveyor for the at least one heat transfer fluid is formed or conveying means for that drives at least one heat transfer fluid. 28. Device according to one of claims 22 to 27, d a d u r c h it is not noted that the heat source and / or the heat sink of the warm resp. the cold area of a thermal pillow are formed. 29. Vorrichtunt according to claim 28, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the heat pump is driven by the rotor. 30. Device according to one of claims 22 to 26, d a d u r c h It is noted that at least one Peltier element is used as a heat source and heat sink serves. 31. The device according to claim 30, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that at least two rotors are mounted on the shaft, the thermal bimetals in the spoke-like or rod-like elements, two on each other along the axis the following rotors are each attached rotated by 1800 against each other, and that at least one Peltier element is arranged in this way in an area between each two rotors is that its cold side faces one rotor and its warm side faces the other is. 32. Device according to one of claims 22 to 27, d a d u r c h it is noted that at least one burner is used as a heat source is.