DE2933121A1 - Exploitation of coal ash contg. sulphate - by milling ash with cement clinker to obtain usable cements, which may also contain blast furnace slag or pozzuolana - Google Patents
Exploitation of coal ash contg. sulphate - by milling ash with cement clinker to obtain usable cements, which may also contain blast furnace slag or pozzuolanaInfo
- Publication number
- DE2933121A1 DE2933121A1 DE19792933121 DE2933121A DE2933121A1 DE 2933121 A1 DE2933121 A1 DE 2933121A1 DE 19792933121 DE19792933121 DE 19792933121 DE 2933121 A DE2933121 A DE 2933121A DE 2933121 A1 DE2933121 A1 DE 2933121A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ash
- cement
- sulphate
- blast furnace
- furnace slag
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/28—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from combustion residues, e.g. ashes or slags from waste incineration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
In Kohlekraftwerken fällt viel Asche an. Diesen RückstandA lot of ash is produced in coal-fired power plants. This residue
zu beseitigen ist ein vordringliches Problem.eliminating it is an urgent problem.
Aschen aus Braunkohlenfeuerungen enthalten zumeist beträchtlich Sulfat. So findet man in der Asche Rheinischer Braunkohle 15 bis 22 Gew-% SO3, im Mittel etwa 20 Gew. Hingegen enthalten Aschen aus Steinkohlenfeuerungen selten mehr als 1,0 Gew-% SO3. Sie gelten daher nicht als sulfathaltig.Ashes from lignite furnaces usually contain a considerable amount of sulphate. In the ashes of Rheinischer lignite, for example, 15 to 22% by weight of SO3 is found on average about 20 wt. On the other hand, ashes from hard coal furnaces rarely contain more than 1.0 wt% SO3. They are therefore not considered to contain sulphate.
Flugasche aus Steinkohlenkraftwerken wird zum Teil für die Herstellung von Baustoffen genutzt. Für die sulfathaltige Braunkohlenasche jedoch hat man bisher keine nennenswerte Möglichkeit gefunden, sie zu verwerten.Fly ash from coal-fired power stations is used in part for production used by building materials. For the sulphate-containing lignite ash, however, one has so far found no appreciable way to utilize them.
Voraussichtlich wird diese Lage noch ungünstiger werden.This situation is likely to become even more unfavorable.
In manchen Kraftwerken nämlich versucht man die Schwefeloxide im Rauchgas mit Kalk, den man in die Züge der Feuerung bzw. des Kessels eindüst, zu Sulfat abzubinden. Dabei gelangt das Kalziumsulfat in die Flugasche, mit der es abgeschieden wird. Man erhält damit aus Steinkohlenfeuerungen ebenfalls eine sulfathaltige Asche. Das gilt auch für Wirbelbettfeuerungen, in die man Kalk einbringt, um die Schwefeloxide schon im Wirbelbett einzufangen.In some power plants, the sulfur oxides are tried in the flue gas with lime, which is sprayed into the flues of the furnace or boiler, to bind to sulphate. The calcium sulfate gets into the fly ash, with which it is separated. A sulphate-containing ash is thus obtained from coal-fired furnaces. That also applies to fluidized bed furnaces in which lime is introduced to remove the sulfur oxides to be captured in the fluidized bed.
Doch diese Bemühungen, die Schwefelemmission der Kraftwerke zu mindern, werden ernstlich gehemmt, weil man auch für diese "sekundär" sulfathaltige Aschen noch keine Verwendung weiß. Weiterhin ist man gezwungen, sie fachgerecht mit beträchtlichen Kosten zu deponieren, was dennoch die Umwelt belastet.But these efforts to reduce sulfur emissions from power plants are seriously inhibited because one is also for this "secondary" containing sulfate Ashes not yet know how to use. Furthermore, one is forced to use them professionally to dump with considerable costs, which nevertheless pollutes the environment.
Aus dieser höchst unbefriedigender Lage weist diese Erfindung den Weg zu sinnvoller Verwertung, indem sie,Kohlenasche mit mehr als 7 Gew-% SO3 verwendet, um in Zemente den erforderlichen Sulfatgehalt einzubringen. Dazu wird solche Kohlenasche mit Klinker zusammen zementfein d.h. auf eine Feinheit nach Blaine von 2.500 bis 4.500 cm2/g gemahlen. Gegebenenfalls kann ein Teil des Klinkers dabei durch Hochofenschlacke und/oder Puzzolan ersetzt sein.From this highly unsatisfactory situation, this invention has the Way to meaningful recovery by using coal ash with more than 7% by weight SO3, to bring the required sulphate content into cement. Such coal ash is used for this purpose cement-fine together with clinker, i.e. to a Blaine fineness of 2,500 to 4,500 cm2 / g ground. If necessary, part of the clinker can be replaced by blast furnace slag and / or pozzolan.
Es ist bekannt, daß im Portlandzement bis zu 4,0 Gew-% SO3 zugelassen sind, im Hochofenzement bis zu 4,5 Gew-% SO3.It is known that up to 4.0% by weight of SO3 is permitted in Portland cement are, in blast furnace cement up to 4.5% by weight SO3.
In der Haputsache wird das SO3 beim Zementmahlen als Gipsstein und/oder Anhydrit eingebracht.In the main, the SO3 is used as gypsum stone and / or during cement grinding Introduced anhydrite.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, so viel sulfathaltige Kohlenasche zuzusetzen, daß im fertigen Zement 4,5 Gew-% SO3 nicht überschritten werden.According to the invention, as much sulfate-containing coal ash is provided add that 4.5% by weight SO3 are not exceeded in the finished cement.
Es wurde nämlich gefunden, daß in allen erwähnten sulfathaltigen Kohlenaschen das Sulfat fast ausschließlich als Anhydrit vorliegt, und daß beim Erstarren und Erhärten des Zements dieser Anhydrit mit den Klinkermineralen zufriedenstellend reagiert. Außerdem wurde gefunden, das auch die übrigen Bestandteile dieser Aschen zum Erstarren und Erhärten beitragen, weil sie hydraulisch und puzzolanisch wirken, und somit zementsteinähnliche Verbindungen eingehen. In solchem Zement ersetztalsodie sulfathaltige Kohlenasche nicht nur Gipsstein und/oder Anhydrit vollständig, sondern teilweise auch den Klinker.It was found that in all of the sulphate-containing coal ashes mentioned the sulfate is present almost exclusively as anhydrite, and that when solidifying and Hardening of the cement of this anhydrite with the clinker minerals is satisfactory reacted. In addition, it was found that the other constituents of these ashes also solidify and hardening because they act hydraulic and pozzolanic, and thus enter into cement-stone-like connections. In such cement, the sulphate-containing one replaces Coal ash not just gypsum stone and / or anhydrite completely, but partially also the clinker.
Dazu folgende Beispiele: Herzustellen ist ein Zement mit 3,5 Gew-% S03, was 35 kg S03 für die Tonne Zement verlangt.The following examples: A cement with 3.5% by weight is to be produced S03, which requires 35 kg of S03 for one ton of cement.
Von diesen stammen 5 kg S03/t Zement aus dem Klinker, die übrigen 30 kg/t Zement sind mit der Kohlenasche einzubringarn.Of these, 5 kg S03 / t cement come from the clinker, the rest 30 kg / t cement are to be added with the coal ash.
Mit 10 Gew-% S03 in der Asche mischt man 70 Gew-% Klinker mit 30 Gew-% Asche und mahlt sie zu Zement mit 35 Gew-% S03 Die Druckfestigkeiten dieses Zements nach 7 Tagen sind wie die eines handelsüblichen Portlandzements gleicher Feinheit, der aus dem selben Klinker hergestellt wird, und den gleichen S03-Gehalt aufweist.With 10% by weight of SO3 in the ash, 70% by weight of clinker is mixed with 30% by weight Ash and grinds them to cement with 35 wt% S03. The compressive strengths of this cement after 7 days are the same fineness as those of a commercial Portland cement, which is made from the same clinker and has the same SO3 content.
Mit 20 Gew-% S03in der Asche besteht die Mischung aus 85 Gew-% Klinker und 15 Gew-% Asche, und sie wird zu Zement mit 3,5 Gew-% 503 vermahlen.With 20% by weight of SO3 in the ash, the mixture consists of 85% by weight of clinker and 15 wt% ash, and it is ground into 3.5 wt% 503 cement.
Seine Druckfestigkeit nach 7 Tagen entspricht der eines Portlandzements, der handelsüblich aus dem selben Klinker mit gleichem S03-Gehalt und gleicher Feinheit hergestellt ist.Its compressive strength after 7 days corresponds to that of a Portland cement, which is commercially available from the same clinker brick with the same S03 content and is made of the same fineness.
Diese Beispiele Zeigen, daß Asche mit weniger Sulfat die Festigkeit des Zements nicht mindert, weil alle Minerale der Asche am Erstarren und am Erhärten teilnehmen, und damit echt zur Festigkeit beitragen. Dies gilt auch für Zemente, in denen ein Teil des Klinkers durch Hochofenschlacke und/oder durch Puzzolan ersetzt ist.These examples show that ash with less sulfate has the strength of the cement does not diminish, because all the minerals in the ashes are solidifying and hardening participate, and thus really contribute to strength. This also applies to cements, in which part of the clinker is replaced by blast furnace slag and / or by pozzolan is.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19792933121 DE2933121A1 (en) | 1979-08-16 | 1979-08-16 | Exploitation of coal ash contg. sulphate - by milling ash with cement clinker to obtain usable cements, which may also contain blast furnace slag or pozzuolana |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19792933121 DE2933121A1 (en) | 1979-08-16 | 1979-08-16 | Exploitation of coal ash contg. sulphate - by milling ash with cement clinker to obtain usable cements, which may also contain blast furnace slag or pozzuolana |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2933121A1 true DE2933121A1 (en) | 1981-02-26 |
Family
ID=6078556
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19792933121 Withdrawn DE2933121A1 (en) | 1979-08-16 | 1979-08-16 | Exploitation of coal ash contg. sulphate - by milling ash with cement clinker to obtain usable cements, which may also contain blast furnace slag or pozzuolana |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2933121A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4470850A (en) * | 1980-10-11 | 1984-09-11 | L. & C. Steinm/u/ ller GmbH | Process with calcium sulfite hemihydrate in a powdery byproduct from dry flue gas desulfurization for the production of fly ash cement |
DE3537812A1 (en) * | 1985-10-24 | 1987-04-30 | Deutag Mischwerke Gmbh | Hydraulically hardening binders for road construction and the like |
DE3818774A1 (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1988-12-15 | Wethmar Herbert Dipl Kaufm | Hydraulically setting building material mixture |
DE4231910A1 (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-03-24 | Witega Forschung Gemeinnuetzig | Composite with increased durability - contg glass fibre and binding agent additives including aluminosilicate filter ash |
US5578122A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1996-11-26 | The University Of Texas System | Methods of producing concretes containing class C fly ash that are stable in sulphate environments |
-
1979
- 1979-08-16 DE DE19792933121 patent/DE2933121A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4470850A (en) * | 1980-10-11 | 1984-09-11 | L. & C. Steinm/u/ ller GmbH | Process with calcium sulfite hemihydrate in a powdery byproduct from dry flue gas desulfurization for the production of fly ash cement |
DE3537812A1 (en) * | 1985-10-24 | 1987-04-30 | Deutag Mischwerke Gmbh | Hydraulically hardening binders for road construction and the like |
DE3818774A1 (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1988-12-15 | Wethmar Herbert Dipl Kaufm | Hydraulically setting building material mixture |
DE4231910A1 (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-03-24 | Witega Forschung Gemeinnuetzig | Composite with increased durability - contg glass fibre and binding agent additives including aluminosilicate filter ash |
US5578122A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1996-11-26 | The University Of Texas System | Methods of producing concretes containing class C fly ash that are stable in sulphate environments |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |