DE291603C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

- M 291603 CLASS 12 «. GROUP

of water vapor and air and iron.

Patented in the German Empire on August 7, 1913.

If you have a contact compound containing sponge iron or a contact compound which Mixtures of sponge iron with metal oxide, e.g. B. Manganoxydul contains, with red heat with If steam is oxidized, then the hydrogenation proceeding in general oxidation driven only to the oxidation state of iron. Higher degrees of oxidation would only become possible after long-term treatment

ίο get the contact mass with steam. Of the Oxidation process takes place under heat. dung so that the temperature is slightly below the limit required for reaction drops.

If, however, the oxidation product resulting from the steam oxidation is treated with air, the atmospheric oxygen is _{bound with the formation of higher oxidation levels, for example Fe 3} O ₄ -f · Mn ₂ O ₃ , while pure nitrogen escapes.

Since this process is exothermic, the temperature of the contact mass rises. Around To avoid excessive local overheating, a mixture of air can be advantageous and use steam for this reaction.

Through the gradual oxidation of the contact mass by means of steam and then with air or mixtures of air and steam is given the opportunity with good yield in First hydrogen from water vapor, then nitrogen from air to produce one work step, which products are known to be mixed in a suitable ratio for many syntheses are important.

The method offers the advantage that with the help of a given amount of reduced contact mass a significantly greater yield of hydrogen and nitrogen is achieved than when the same are treated at the same time Contact mass with a mixture of steam and air, because in the latter process a part of the spongy iron is immediately burned by the air, which can then practically no longer come into question for the water vapor decomposition. Against it In the case of gradual oxidation, an equivalent of oxygen is first obtained from water vapor (the is the more difficult oxidation process) and then an equivalent of atmospheric oxygen through the lower metal oxide, e.g. B. Fe O or Mn O, J bound, so that from the stepwise treatment a more oxygen-rich contact mass results.

This oxidized contact mass is in a known manner by treatment with reducing Gases reduced, the reaction temperature if necessary by periodic or continuous heating is maintained.

f Since the higher oxidation levels of the contact metals are known to be much lower Gas consumption are to be reduced, so the consumption of reducing gas is stepwise Oxidation considerably less than with joint oxidation by steam-air mixtures. This has the advantage that the! Expenditure of reducing gases for the stickj Fabric production is only very insignificant. ■ To carry out the procedure one can

use several shafts that communicate with one another.

Here the contact mass ζ. B. in two cascading shafts like this arranged that it is sufficiently permeable and can be heated evenly. To the Heating is used e.g. B. the method in which ^ the contents of one shaft is reduced with reducing gases while

ίο the contents of the second shaft with the exhaust gases the reduction is heated.

In the practice of the present method, steam is passed into the freshly reduced shaft a, * where the same pure hydrogen J ent-.

binds, while air is passed into the second duct, which has already been oxidized with steam so that pure nitrogen escapes from this.

With the gradual oxidation, as has already been indicated, there is still the advantage linked, that the contact mass cooled by the steam oxidation is restored by the subsequent air oxidation Temperature is increased.

The procedure used to prepare mixtures of hydrogen and nitrogen is expedient in such a way that the nitrogen escaping from the air-oxidized shaft is passed through the reduced one with the addition of steam Shaft through which now the finished nitrogen-hydrogen mixture escapes. '

One can also proceed in such a way that an air-steam mixture is fed into the second shaft sends; in this the atmospheric oxygen is absorbed, while a highly overheated, im essentially consisting of nitrogen and steam mixture exits, which by the freshly reduced first shaft is passed, from which then a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen goes off.

The series connection of several oxidation shafts offers something special The advantage of this is that the formation of explosive oxygen-containing gas mixtures is avoided. Because the reduced shaft represents, so to speak, a safety shaft, which prevents oxygen from getting into the gas mixture. When using a single shaft there is at least the risk of the formation of explosive mixtures as soon as the absorption capacity is reached the contact mass is exhausted.

Claims (1)

Patent Claims: i. Process for the production of hydrogen and nitrogen or mixtures of both Gases from water vapor and air and iron, characterized in that the metals or contact mass containing metal oxides or mixtures of metals and oxides in red heat, it is gradually oxidized first by steam and then by air. ■ 2. embodiment of the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact mass is oxidized by a steam-air mixture after steam oxidation has taken place. 3. Embodiment of the method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that several shafts connected in series are used here. ■ ■ ·. 4. Embodiment of the method according to claim 3, characterized in that the contact mass of a shaft is treated with air, whereupon the overheated gases escaping from this shaft through a second, with the first connected, reduced contact mass
will. containing shaft