DE288507C

DE288507C -

Info

Publication number: DE288507C
Application number: DENDAT288507D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

-■ JVr 288507 KLASSE 46 a. GRUPPE- ■ JVr 288507 CLASS 46 a. GROUP

HUGO JUNKERS in AACHEN..HUGO JUNKERS in AACHEN ..

Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 7. Januar 1912 ab.Patented in the German Empire on January 7, 1912.

Die Erfindung betrifft Verbrennungskraftmaschinen mit ζλνέϊ gegenläufigen Kolben, die in der inneren Totpunktlage einen Raum einschließen, in welchem der durch Düsen eingespritzte Brennstoff verbrannt wird.The invention relates to internal combustion engines with ζλνέϊ opposing pistons, which include in the inner dead center a space in which the injected through nozzles Fuel is burned.

Bei den bisher bekannten Maschinen dieser Art erfolgt die Einspritzung· des Brennstoffes während der inneren Totpunktlage und des ersten Teils des Arbeitshubes durch eine' oderIn the previously known machines of this type, the fuel is injected during the inner dead center position and the first part of the working stroke by a 'or

ίο mehrere Düsen, die in einer senkrecht zur Zylinderachse liegenden und etwa durch die Mitte des Totraumes gehenden Ebene angeordnet sind.ίο multiple nozzles in one perpendicular to the cylinder axis lying and arranged approximately through the center of the dead space going level are.

Diese bekannte Anordnung besitzt folgende Nachteile. Da die gegenläufigen Kolben von ihrer Anfangstotpunktstellung aus sich gleichmäßig'bewegen, so wird die zwischen ihnen hoch komprimierte Luft sich nach beiden Seiten gleichmäßig entsprechend dem Vorrücken der Kolben ausdehnen; dabei suchen die einzelnen Luftteilchen den Kolben zu folgen, und sie legen Wege zurück, die um so größer sind, je näher sie den Kolbenböden in der Totpunktlage liegen, während die genau in der Mitte zwischen den beiden Kolben liegende Schicht überhaupt in Ruhe bleiben wird. Der' in der Mitte eingespritzte Brennstoff wird sich ähnlich verhalten und keine Neigung zeigen, der von den Kolben nachgezogenen Luft zu folgen, so daß der Brennstoff mit diesem Teil der Luft nicht in Berührung kommt und die Verbrennung leicht unvollkommen wird. Die Erfindung besteht nun darin, die Einspritzstellen aus dieser Symmetrieebene heraus und in Richtung auf die Kolben zu verlegen, so daß mindestens zwei Reihen von Einspritzstellen vorhanden sind, die in verschiedenen, außerhalb der Mitte liegenden Ebenen angeordnet sind. Die Einspritzdüsen werden zweckmäßig so nahe wie möglich an die Stellen herangerückt, welche die Kolbenböden in ihrer' inneren Totpunktlage einnehmen. This known arrangement has the following disadvantages. Since the opposing pistons of move evenly out of their initial dead center position, that between them will highly compressed air moves equally to both sides according to the advance expand the piston; the individual air particles try to follow the pistons, and they cover distances that are greater, the closer they are to the piston crowns in the dead center position, while the exact in the The layer lying in the middle between the two pistons will remain at rest at all. Of the' fuel injected in the middle will behave similarly and show no tendency to follow the air drawn in by the pistons, so that the fuel with this Part of the air does not come into contact and the combustion is easily imperfect. The invention now consists in removing the injection points from this plane of symmetry and relocated towards the pistons, leaving at least two rows of Injection points are present in different, off-center Layers are arranged. The injectors are expediently as close as possible moved closer to the places which the piston crowns occupy in their 'inner dead center position.

Die Fig. ι und 2 zeigen im Längsschnitt und Querschnitt A-B eine Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes der Erfindung.FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the subject matter of the invention in longitudinal section and cross section AB.

Der Brennstoff wird durch die Düsen d_x und d₂ in Form zweier möglichst den ganzen Zylinderquerschnitt deckender, fein zerstäubender Ölschleier nahe den Kolbenböden eingeführt, so daß die beiden Ölschleier die hoch komprimierte Luft im Verbrennungsraum zwischen sich fassen. Beim Auseinandergehen der in der inneren Totpunktlage gezeichneten Kolben folgt die hoch komprimierte Luft den Kolben, wobei sie die Ölschleier mit sich reißt und sich innig mit ihnen mischt, so daß naturgemäß der überwiegende Teil der Verbrennungsluft mit dem Brennstoff in Berührung kommt,. und als Folge davon eine vollkommene Verbrennung des eingespritzten Brennstoffes bewirkt wird.The fuel is introduced through the nozzles d _x and d ₂ in the form of two finely atomized oil veils covering the entire cylinder cross-section near the piston crowns, so that the two oil veils hold the highly compressed air in the combustion chamber between them. When the pistons drawn in the inner dead center position move apart, the highly compressed air follows the pistons, dragging the oil curtain with it and mixing it intimately with them, so that naturally the predominant part of the combustion air comes into contact with the fuel. and as a result, complete combustion of the injected fuel is effected.

Auch für den während des Arbeitshubes der Kolben noch weiter eingeführten Brennstoff hat diese Betriebsweise den großen Vorteil, daß dieser nachgeführte Brennstoff mit den vom Mittelpunkt des Verbrennungsraumes vorrückenden frischen Luftmassen Also for the fuel that continues to be introduced during the piston working stroke this mode of operation has the great advantage that this tracked fuel with the fresh air masses advancing from the center of the combustion chamber

(2. Auflage, ausgegeben am 27. Mai igzo.J (2nd edition, issued on May 27 , igzo.J

Claims

mixes, while the burnt gases follow the piston and thus the carbon dioxide can affect the combustion as little as possible. Depending on the axial extent of the combustion chamber, subdivisions by further veils or similar devices can come into question in order to use the entire air content of the combustion chamber for combustion. 3 and 4 show in longitudinal section and cross-section along line CD an arrangement with three fuel nozzles du d2 and da, from which the nozzle d2 transfers the fuel into the middle layer of air that remains at rest during the piston outward movement, the other two Ci1 and ds again laterally Inject the center plane as close as possible to the piston k located in the inner dead center position. In this case, the nozzles are ηichit radial, but slightly inclined in the direction of the chords, so that the fuel jets give the air enclosed in the combustion chamber a circular movement which, in conjunction with the piston movement, causes the combustion air to exit the two lateral nozzles dx and ds veils of exiting fuel sweeps through in a helical motion, whereby the contact time between fuel and combustion air is extended, while at the same time each air particle in the combustion chamber is given the opportunity to get to the fuel jet. This screw-shaped penetration, which is achieved by the arrangement of the nozzle axes in the direction of chords in connection with the arrangement - outside the plane of symmetry, forms an essential and distinguishing feature compared to known arrangements in single-piston internal combustion engines. In Figures 1 to 4, each fuel curtain is created by a single nozzle body; the veil can of course also be produced by any number of nozzles arranged in a plane. This arrangement is particularly useful for larger cylinder diameters. Because of the low dead space in internal combustion engines, you can add several to different ones. Rows belonging injection points (nozzle openings) in a common insert, z. B. on the body of the injector, attach. Such an embodiment is shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, while FIGS. 9 and 10 show the installation of such a nozzle in the cylinder of a double piston engine. The nozzle body α in Fig. 11 has two injection openings S1 and S2, which are useful, such as. FIG. 12 (FIG. 11 viewed from below) shows, in the form of long narrow gaps or a row of fine holes, or also in the form of several shorter gaps one behind the other, the piston crown kx and k2 are arranged approximately parallel. The outlet openings are designed according to the side view of FIG. 13, which shows a section along an outlet gap J1 'or through the fine outlet holes J2, in such a way that a beam is created which spreads to the side and covers as large a part of the dead space cross-section as possible, such as can be seen from FIG. 10. Fig. 5 shows the longitudinal section through a cylinder with a nozzle attached in the center of the combustion chamber. The injection takes place through two rows of holes in the radial direction that are arranged parallel to one another and on the side of the feed line, so that two parallel, disk-shaped fuel veils are created in the immediate vicinity of the piston crown. 6 shows the same. Device in a section E-F perpendicular to the cylinder axis. FIG. 7 shows a section through the enlarged scale nozzle of the device according to FIG. 5. FIG. 8 shows the same section with another embodiment of such a nozzle. P at en τ-An Proverbs:

1. Arrangement of the injection nozzles in internal combustion engines with two pistons rotating in opposite directions, characterized in that the injection points are mounted in two planes which are to the side of the central plane of the combustion chamber and i _O o close to the piston crown in its inner dead center position.

2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel for the supply line "of the fuel is led to the center of the cylinder, and that on two sides of this channel approaches are provided through which the fuel from slots or holes arranged around them in the direction of the no Cylinder wall is injected.

3. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that in an insert two or more exit gaps or gap-like rows of holes arranged are.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings.