DE2845327A1 - Lubrication of sliding electrical contact - depositing colloidal graphite on moving surface by potential-free graphite block - Google Patents

Lubrication of sliding electrical contact - depositing colloidal graphite on moving surface by potential-free graphite block

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Publication number
DE2845327A1
DE2845327A1 DE19782845327 DE2845327A DE2845327A1 DE 2845327 A1 DE2845327 A1 DE 2845327A1 DE 19782845327 DE19782845327 DE 19782845327 DE 2845327 A DE2845327 A DE 2845327A DE 2845327 A1 DE2845327 A1 DE 2845327A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
graphite
contact
sliding
lubrication
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19782845327
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Paul Dipl Ing Kohlhaas
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19782845327 priority Critical patent/DE2845327A1/en
Publication of DE2845327A1 publication Critical patent/DE2845327A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
    • H01R39/22Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof incorporating lubricating or polishing ingredient

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

The proposed collector system reduces losses and wear associated with the conventional graphite brush and metal contact arrangement. The proposed assembly uses a metal to metal contact in which the moving contact is coated with a thin film of colloidal graphite. This coating is established by spring-loaded graphite blocks bearing on the sliding surface. These blocks are insulated from the electrical potential, and carry no current. The graphite assists in compensating for small surface irregularities on the sliding metal parts. It provides lubrication and also prevents the formation of single current carrying points. Experiments show that the contact drop at the sliding surface is about 22 millivolts compared with approx. 1 volt for a conventional carbon brush.

Description

Stromübertragung auf rotierende oder anders bewegtePower transmission on rotating or otherwise moving

,tromverbraucher Stand der Technik Die Versorgung eines bewegten Stromverbrauchers mit elektrischer Energie aus einer ortsfesten Stromquelle erfolgt allgemein naoh folgenden Methoden: ao Bei räumlich und zeitlich begrenzter Bewegung über flexible Zuleitungen zur Stromquelle bo Bei ständig rotierendem Umlauf sowie größerem Bewegungen umfang und schneller Umlauf- bzw. Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit über 3chleifkontaktpaarungen, deren feststehender Teil mit der Stromquelle verbunden wird., power consumer state of the art The supply of a moving power consumer with electrical energy from a stationary power source generally takes place naoh following methods: ao For spatially and temporally limited movement via flexible Supply lines to the power source bo With constantly rotating rotation and large movements circumferential and faster circulation or movement speed via 3 sliding contact pairs, whose fixed part is connected to the power source.

Die unter a. angeführte Anschlußert beschränkt sich augen mein auf ortsveränderliche Stromverbraucher.The under a. The listed connection is limited to my eyes portable electricity consumers.

Die unter b. angeführte Anschlubart beherrscht das weite Feld aller maschinell bewegten ',tronverbraucher wie die Anker von Elektromotoren und Generatoren oder z.B. bei linaarer Bewegung elektrisch angetriebene Schienenfahrzeuge.The under b. The connection type mentioned dominates the broad field of everyone machine-moved 'electronic consumers such as the armatures of electric motors and generators or e.g. electrically powered rail vehicles in the case of linear movement.

In der Regel werden bei schleifender Stromübertragung Paarungen aus metallischen Schleifkörpern mit segenannten Kohle- oder Graphitbürsten angewandt.As a rule, pairings are made in the case of looping power transmission metallic grinding tools with so-called carbon or graphite brushes are used.

Diesen Paarungen ist die typische Bürstenübergangsspannung von 0,6 bis 1,8 V sowie eine Stromdichte von nur 8 - 12 A/em² zu eigen.The typical brush transition voltage for these pairings is 0.6 up to 1.8 V and a current density of only 8 - 12 A / em².

Buide Kenngrößen wirken sich bei größeren Strömen insofern nuchtsilig aus, weil einerseits durch die Bürstanübergangsspannung ein hoher Stromwäreverlust entsteht und zusätzlich die geringe Stromdichte eine nicht untersohreitbare Baugröße erfordert, was bei manchen Maschinen hinderlich ist, Rein metallische Yontaktpaarungen besitzen bei geeigneten Metallen und Kontaktdrücken wesentlioh geringere Übergangsspannungen und erheblich höhere Stromdichten, Sie sind jedoch für eine schleifende Stromübertragung nicht geeignet, da die gegenseitige Bewegung zu ständigen kleinen Kontaktvers schweißungen führt, wodurch die Oberflächen sehr schnell eine Rauhigkeit annehmen, die eine Stromübertragung in der ursprünglichen Größe unmöglich macht und zur Zerstörung der Schleifübertragung führt. Sinn der weiter beschriebenen Nouerung ist die Vermeidung der Nachteile üblicher glei= tender Stromübertragung mittels Kohle- oder Graphitbürsten unter Anwendung der Vorteile rein metallisch ausgeführter Kontaktierungen.In this respect, buide parameters have a sterile effect in the case of larger currents because on the one hand there is a high loss of current heat due to the brush junction voltage arises and in addition the low current density a size that cannot be submerged requires, which is a hindrance on some machines, purely metallic contact pairings With suitable metals and contact pressures, they have significantly lower transition voltages and significantly higher current densities, however, you are for a dragging one Power transmission not suitable because the mutual movement to constant small Contact welding leads to a roughness of the surface very quickly assume that a current transmission in the original size is impossible and leads to the destruction of the grinding transmission. Meaning of the further described nouerung is the avoidance of the disadvantages of the usual sliding power transmission by means of Carbon or graphite brushes using the advantages of purely metallic designs Contacts.

Theoretische Grundlagen Vom Anmelder wurde in Versuchen ermittelt, daß eine rein metallische Schleifkontaktpaarung ihre Neigung zur Kontaktverschweißung verliert, wenn zumindest eine der Schleif! kontaktflächen mit einer feinen Schicht von kolloidalem Graphit überzogen ist i)ies läßt sich durch erkliren, daß das Graphit die immer vorhandenen Oberflächenrauhigkeiten der metallischen Schleifkontakte ausgleicht und zusätzliche bewegliche Jtrombriicken bildet Dadurch wird die bei flächigen Schleifkontakten immer bestehende punktförmige Auflagefläche durch die vom Graphit gebildetes Nebenschlässe entn lastet, so daß die Stromdichte der metallischen Berührung soweit absinkt, dü keine zur Kontaktverschweißung führen.Theoretical foundations The applicant determined in tests that that a purely metallic sliding contact pairing their tendency to contact welding if at least one loses the grinding! contact surfaces with a fine layer is covered by colloidal graphite i) This can be explained by the fact that the graphite compensates for the surface roughness of the metallic sliding contacts that is always present and forms additional movable junction bridges always existing punctiform contact surface due to the bypasses formed by the graphite Ent loads, so that the current density of the metallic contact drops so far, dü none lead to contact welding.

den Stromdichten mehr entstehen. Eine ständige Aufrechterhaltung des kolloidalen Graphitfilmes während der Schleif= bewegung ist erforderlich Ausfhrung: In einer praktischen Ausführung, in der ein rotierender Maschinenteil mit einem Gleichstrom von ca. 200 A auf kleine stem Raum versorgt wird, ist die Stromlbertragung so ausgebildet, daß auf einem metallischen Schleifring eine Anzahl federnder metallischer Schleifkontakte aufliegen. Die Schleifgeschwindigkeit beträgt 30 mm/sec, die gewthlte Stromdichte ca. 80 A/mm2. Zur Aufrechterhaltung des Graphitfilmes werden 2 Graphistifte unter Federdruck so auf die rotierende ebene Schleiffläche gedrückt, daß die gesamte Flache mit einem Graphitfilm überzogen ist.the current densities arise more. A constant maintenance of the colloidal graphite film during the grinding movement is required Execution: In a practical version, in which a rotating machine part with a Direct current of approx. 200 A is supplied to the smallest stem space, the current is transmitted designed so that on a metallic slip ring a number of resilient metallic Sliding contacts are in contact. The grinding speed is 30 mm / sec, the selected one Current density approx. 80 A / mm2. 2 graphite pencils are used to maintain the graphite film so pressed under spring pressure on the rotating flat grinding surface that the entire Flat is covered with a graphite film.

Nach ca. 1000 Betriebsstunden besitzt die Bürstenübergangsspannung einen Wert von 22 mV, 80 daß der Stromwärmeverlust nur 4,4 Watt beträgt.The brush transfer voltage has reached after approx. 1000 operating hours a value of 22 mV, 80 that the current heat loss only 4.4 watts amounts to.

Eine mechanische bnutzang der Gleitflächen ist nicht erz kennbar, da der Graphitfilm gleichzeitig eine schmierende Wirkung besitzt. Eine gleiche Anordnung ohne Graphit ist nach 30 Betriebsstunden bis zur Unbrauchbarkeit zerstört.A mechanical use of the sliding surfaces is not known, because the graphite film also has a lubricating effect. Same arrangement without graphite is destroyed after 30 hours of operation until it is unusable.

Zusammenfassung: Schleifkontaktübertragungen auf bewegliche Stromverbraucher können nach der vorbeschriebenen Art mit erheblich kleinen ren Abmessungen und Stromwärmeverlusten ausgeführt werden wie bekannte Ausführungen mit iiblichen Kohlebärsten. Ver= gleichsweise betragen die räumlichen Abmessungen nur noch ca. das 0,05 fache, die Stromwärmeverluste das o,o2 fachegleicher Anordnungen mit üblichen Kohlebürsten.Summary: Sliding contact transfers to movable electricity consumers can according to the type described above with considerably smaller dimensions and current heat losses are executed like known designs with common carbon bristles. Comparative the spatial dimensions are only approx. 0.05 times, the electricity heat losses the o, o2 identical arrangements with common carbon brushes.

Claims (1)

P a t e n t a n s p r u c h Stromübertragung auf rotierende oder anders bewegte Stromverbraucher, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß unter Federdruck stehende metallische Kontakte, die sich ls Uleitkontakte gegeneinander verschieben, auf ihren Berührungsflächen einen dünnen Film aus kolleidalem Graphit erhalten, der vorzugsweise durch ein- oder melirare, bei der Gleitbewegung mitgefühte potentialfreie Graphitstücke erzeugt wird, die unter Federdruck auf einer Gleitfläche aufllegen.P a t e n t a n s p r u c h power transmission on rotating or otherwise moving electricity consumers, d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that under Spring-loaded metallic contacts, which act as Uleitkontakte against each other move a thin film of colloidal graphite on their contact surfaces obtained, which is preferably carried out by one or more mélirare, along with the sliding movement Potential-free graphite pieces are produced, which are spring-loaded onto a sliding surface hang up.
DE19782845327 1978-10-18 1978-10-18 Lubrication of sliding electrical contact - depositing colloidal graphite on moving surface by potential-free graphite block Withdrawn DE2845327A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782845327 DE2845327A1 (en) 1978-10-18 1978-10-18 Lubrication of sliding electrical contact - depositing colloidal graphite on moving surface by potential-free graphite block

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782845327 DE2845327A1 (en) 1978-10-18 1978-10-18 Lubrication of sliding electrical contact - depositing colloidal graphite on moving surface by potential-free graphite block

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DE2845327A1 true DE2845327A1 (en) 1980-04-30

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006096742A1 (en) * 2005-03-08 2006-09-14 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. In-situ lubrication of sliding electrical contacts

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE476861C (en) * 1927-05-07 1929-05-31 Metallgesellschaft Ag Grinding piece for pantographs of electric railways
US2041895A (en) * 1934-04-04 1936-05-26 Speer Carbon Company Brush for dynamo-electric machines
US2537591A (en) * 1945-10-10 1951-01-09 Trustees Stevens Inst Tech Wear resistant material and method of making such material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE476861C (en) * 1927-05-07 1929-05-31 Metallgesellschaft Ag Grinding piece for pantographs of electric railways
US2041895A (en) * 1934-04-04 1936-05-26 Speer Carbon Company Brush for dynamo-electric machines
US2537591A (en) * 1945-10-10 1951-01-09 Trustees Stevens Inst Tech Wear resistant material and method of making such material

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006096742A1 (en) * 2005-03-08 2006-09-14 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. In-situ lubrication of sliding electrical contacts
US7960317B2 (en) 2005-03-08 2011-06-14 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. In-situ lubrication of sliding electrical contacts

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