DE2834132A1 - HYDRAULIC DISTRIBUTORS AND CONTROL DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

. 5.

The invention relates to a hydraulic distributor or control device.

In principle there are already hydraulic control or distributor devices known, but it has been shown that they only do their job in certain use or operating states in an imperfectly fair manner, i.e. especially when the pressure is supplied by the control or distribution device Fluids is not constant and in a no longer negligible Scope can vary, which leads to pressure 'peaks', which are harmful to the organs arranged downstream of the control or distribution device and operated by it are. ■

The invention is based on the object of providing a control or distribution device of the type under consideration, whose Construction makes it possible to overcome the disadvantages briefly outlined above to avoid, so that the delivered pressure is not only proportional to the control force but also for every V / ert of this control force is constant.

A hydraulic control device according to the invention, which one Distributor body or block and in this block comprises a slide which is displaceable in the axial direction with respect to grooves is that with a liquid supply opening and at least one outlet opening to the circle of use can be related, as well as a. Device which is suitable for a backflow of the liquid in a collecting or. To enable storage container is characterized in that the supply of a distributor opening for the liquid takes place through an annular reaction chamber, which is formed in that a secondary slide in a main slide is arranged, which is in the main slide in connection with a so-called limiting spring for a shift

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is mounted, whereby this spring acts on the main slide, and that a device is provided to return the main slide in a rest position, if the associated Control organ is not used or not operated.

According to an advantageous development of the invention Apparatus, the main slide comprises a series of passages or channels allowing access of pressurized liquid into the annular reaction chamber, as well as a series of passages or channels that are suitable to deliver liquid at a desired pressure to the above-mentioned opening, the passages or channels for the supply of the liquid in this chamber at one end of the chamber are arranged and have a larger cross-section than the output channels, which in turn are arranged at the other end.

Furthermore, the device for returning the main slide in the rest position is advantageously a spring that directly opens the control element acts and which also has no connection whatsoever with the pressure-limiting spring.

According to a further advantageous feature of the invention, the control member is a mechanical arrangement and works under Train against the above-mentioned return spring, this control member is connected to an element which is arranged in a volume and can form a reaction cross-section which adjustable depending on the desired properties is, this element being coupled to the main slide via the limiting spring by means of an axial pull rod, which runs through the secondary slide.

According to a special embodiment of the control or distribution device According to the invention, the return and the drainage of the liquid to the collecting tank are via passages

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"or channels causes that are provided in the above-mentioned element and which are in communication with an annular chamber stand between the outer surface of the tie rod and dem.Secondary slide is designed.

Thanks to the arrangements described above, the inventive Hydraulic control or distribution device suitable for numerous applications and is particularly suitable for such Cases in which you have to adjust the power depending on the use or the type of use, for example as a control for a power cylinder that is part of a Machine flanging, whereby the force is regulated depending on the structure of this part in order to deform this part to avoid, or as a control device for a winch, for brakes, etc.

In that the annular chamber has passages or channels is supplied whose cross-section is larger than that of the outlet ducts, one avoids pressure peaks in the distribution in the event of violent actuation of the control element, with the eventual occurring momentary overpressures are absorbed by the reaction cross-section of the annular limiting chamber, which in the situation is to interrupt the supply to the distributor opening.

The invention is illustrated below, for example, with reference to the drawing described; in this shows:

Figure 1 in longitudinal section a control or distribution device according to the invention,

Figures 2 to 4 corresponding views showing different functional phases or operating states,

Figure 5 is a perspective partial view on a plane, which goes through the line V-V of Figure 1,

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and the

Figures 6 and 7 are longitudinal sectional views of two others Embodiments.

According to the one selected and shown in FIGS. 1 ″ to 5 The embodiment includes the distribution or control device according to the invention a body block 10, which is drilled open in the axial direction in three sections A, A1 and A2, wherein the central section A1 has a diameter on v / eist which is smaller than the diameter of the other two sections, which advantageously are equal to each other.

At one side end the body 10 is drilled out at A3, while at the other end the bore A2 is closed by a cover 11, which is a fastening or coupling device 12 includes-

The bore A1 receives a first slide, which is referred to below as the main slide, is identified as a whole by the reference symbol T and in this bore in the axial direction is movable.

In the example shown, the main slide T is an element " 15 assigned, which is arranged in the figures on the left.

The element 15 has a pin 15A with sealing bodies 15B and 15G, which is mounted in a sliding or displaceable V / iron in the bore A3 of the body 10, and a shoulder 15D, which is arranged in a sliding manner in the recess or bore A1 provided in the body.

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The pin 1 5A is with averbindansatζ 18 for connection provided with a control member not shown here.

The approach 15D extends in the present case with his largest part in the bore A of the body and has a diameter which is smaller, so that a volume V between this hole and the approach remains free.

In the approach 15D is on its opposite to the pin 15A Surface a pull rod 20 is screwed in, which extends in the axial direction through the body to the vicinity of the cover 11 .

The approach 15D also includes on its opposite to the pin 15A Surface (see in particular FIG. 5) two diametrically extending mutually perpendicular. Grooves or grooves 15E and 15F; the mode of action of these hats and the approach will be described below.

The main slide T is bored out in the axial direction at 21 and 22 in order to receive a second so-called limiting slide, which is designated as a whole by the reference symbol T ¹ and comprises a head 23 which is slidably mounted in the bore 21 and through a tubular section 24 which is slidably mounted in the bore 22.

The main slide T comprises, at its end arranged in a part of the bore A2, a collar 26 which is used with a perforated disk 27 cooperate, which forms a stop and is permanently installed in the bore A2 of the body 10.

The main slide T and the above-mentioned element 15 are connected to one another in their contact plane 34 by a first so-called

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. ΊΟ.

te limit spring 35 held in contact with one of its ends is supported on a washer 30 which is attached to the tie rod 20 with a nut 31, while her the other end is supported on the collar 26. A second so-called return spring 28 has one end which is attached to a surface of the in the hole A2 attached perforated disk 27 is supported, and another end which rests against the disk 30, so that this spring 28 exerts a tensile force on the pull rod and via this the shoulder 15D of the element 15 exercises, so that there is a tendency from the components T5 and .τ. existing over the To keep collar 2 6 in contact with the perforated disk 27, while the. Spring 35 is suitable ', with a tared force, the two EIeiriente 15 and T to keep in contact with each other.

The second so-called limiting spring 35 is advantageous arranged coaxially to the first spring.

Thus, the main slide T has a stroke between a position in which the collar 26 is in contact with the perforated disk 27 (FIG. 1) and a position is available in which this collar 26 comes to abut a circular shoulder 10C which the holes Λ1 and A2 separates from each other (Fig. 2).

The pull rod 2o runs through the tubular Vbschnitt 24 and has a smaller diameter than the inner bore of the tubular portion 24 of the secondary slide, so that a first annular chamber C is provided between these two components, while a second annular chamber C1, which has a reaction cross-section S, between the tubular portion of the secondary slide and that in the main slide provided hole 21 is left open »

On its outer surface, the main slide T has an annular groove or hat 40 ₉ which is essentially median

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runs, and on both sides of this groove radially. Bores 41 and 42 which open into the annular chamber C1.

It should be noted that the radial bores 41, the are arranged next to the head 2 3 of the secondary slide, one have a smaller cross-section than the bores 42 which are arranged next to the end part of the tubular section 24.

The part of the bore A1 comprises a central one on both sides circular groove or groove 50, two also circular grooves and grooves 51 and 52, respectively.

The groove 52 is connected via a radially extending channel 54 with a feed device for liquid and a metering pump, which are shown schematically and with the Reference numeral 55 is designated, while the middle groove via the bore or the channel 56 with an opening for in Auxiliary or additional devices not shown in the drawing or for a return to the collecting tank, this opening in the case of installations with permanent Print can also be covered or closed.

The groove 51 stands above the channels or bores 58, 60 on the one hand in connection with the volume V enclosed between the extension 15D and the body 10 and on the other hand in connection with a distribution opening or outlet opening 61, which is able to be controlled via a line To supply organ.

The operation of the control or distribution device, which will now be described, can be represented in the following way:

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In Fig. 1, the control or distribution device is in its rest position, i.e. there is no tensile force on the Approach 18 exercised and the main slide T is with its collar 26 under the action of the return spring 28, the a tensile force (arrow F) on the pull rod 20 and via this on the assembly consisting of the main slide T and the element 15 exercises, in contact with the perforated disk 27.

The so-called limiting spring 35 is not loaded in this position of use of the distribution or control device and is under a certain bias, which ensures coupling or contact of the elements T and 15.

The grooves 50 and 52 stand with each other through the circular groove 40 in connection and the auxiliary or additional devices can be supplied from the metering pump 55, the return of the Liquid to the collection or reservoir B takes place in any suitable manner.

In this position of the main ^{slide T and the secondary slide T 1} , the distribution or discharge opening 61 is isolated from the flow of liquid coming from the pump 55 because the chamber C1 itself is not supplied with liquid because the main slide T forms a seal between the pump and the dispensing orifice 61 is effected in cooperation with a seat surface P formed between the grooves 50 and 51 and in cooperation with a seat surface P1 formed between the groove 52 and the bore A2.

It should be noted that the discharge opening 61 with the Return opening 65 via the channel 58, the grooves 15E, 15F and the chamber C opening into the bore A2 communicates.

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In Pig. 2 "is the control or distribution device in a position in which the opening 61 is supplied with liquid.

In this figure, there is a tensile force in the direction of arrow F1 been exercised on the approach 18, which causes a displacement of the main slide T in the bore A1, this Displacement has been caused by punctual entrainment of the tension rod 20 via the limiting spring 35.

The approach 15D has been brought to bear on a corresponding bottom of the bore A, while at the same time the collar 26 has left its abutment position to be supported on the shoulder 10C.

The displacement of the main slide has the consequence that the supply channel 56 for the additional or auxiliary devices has been isolated because the groove or hat 40 has been displaced while starting the exit or manifold opening from the pump 55 via the circular hat 52, the feed channels located essentially opposite this groove 42, the restriction chamber C1, the passages or channels 4I and the channels 58, 60, which communicate with both the outlet opening 61 and the volume V in Connected, is supplied with liquid (the line with arrows shows the flow path of the liquid in the distribution or control device).

The limiting spring 35 is not compressed in the position shown, since its taring tension force or hardness is greater is than that exerted on the reaction cross section S of the chamber G1 Pressure, the aim of which is the main slide T to decouple from the element 15 at the level of their connecting plane from each other.

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In this way, an axial displacement of the main slide is obtained T and of the element 15 by a value or by a distance which corresponds to the displacement impressed on the projection 18. Reference is now made to Fig. 3, which shows a position of the IIa "ptschiebers T shows, in which the tensile force exerted on the extension 18 corresponds to the liquid pressure that is applied to the annular · Cross-section 15G- formed by the shoulder 15D This cross section is shown with reinforced lines and is able to turn the main slide into a neutral To bring back position.

In such a position of the slide T, the liquid supply to the outlet opening 61 is terminated due to the fact that the annular chamber ei no longer supplied with liquid because the channels or DUrchgä.nge 42 are covered, v / eil they are located opposite the seat surface p1 of the hole A1.

At the same time, the tightness against a return is ensured, since the main slide τ covers the groove 51, leaving the outlet opening 61 in connection with the annular chamber C1, so that the liquid pressure prevailing in the delivery or distribution circuit remains stable and corresponds to the force exerted on the control member 18.

From Fig. 4 it can now be seen that the control member on the approach 18 has brought the element 15 into mechanical contact with a surface of the bore A provided in the center punch 10.

This position is based on an excessive pulling force exerted on the projection 18 _W, ^which has ill a fluid pressure to the annular cross-section S of the chamber C1 to the result that is larger than the Tarierkraft the limiting spring 35; these

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The spring 35 is thus compressed in terms of air pressure due to the axial displacement of the main slide C "belsstet, resulting in a decoupling of the latter from element 15 at the level of their plane of contact, as can be seen very well in Pig-4, and interrupts the fluid supply.

In FIG. 6, which shows a first modification, are for identifying elements that correspond to elements of the previous embodiment, but the same by the numerical value IQO uses increased reference numerals.

According to this embodiment, the control element 85 is displaceable mounted in a housing 86 which is attached to the body 110

Is tight with the / bodies 87 inserted; the end of this control element, which is located inside the housing 86, can cooperate with one end of a pull rod 12 o , the other end of which carries a reaction piston 88. The surface of this piston 88, which is arranged opposite the main slide T1 and the secondary slide T1, comprises at least one groove or groove 115F for the return of the liquid, while the reaction cross-section of the annular chamber is designated S1, and the free surface of the piston 88 performs functions corresponding to those of the reaction cross-section 15 £.

The mode of operation of such a distribution or control device corresponds in all points to the mode of operation of device described above with the one exception that the control element works in pushing instead of pulling action (arrow F2), where the tax or. Distribution device is shown in its rest position.

Fig. 7 schematically shows another embodiment, in which the same reference numerals are used, however, increased by a numerical value 200 to identify parts, the parts

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pus the into the Pig. 1 "to 5 reproduced embodiment correspond. The control element is G-according to this embodiment variant no longer mechanically but hydraulically, where "with the The main difference in the arrangement is the fact that the control member is formed by a piston 70 which is arranged in a bore 71 which is in one with the body 210 of the control or distribution device connected housing 72 is provided; the main slide 12 can be in the axial direction slide in the bore Λ1 provided in the body 210, this Bore comprises three grooves or grooves 250, 251 and 25 2, and is closed on the side opposite the control member by a closure 75 which is located on its inner surface at least one groove or groove 2151? owns.

The piston 70 is slidably mounted on the main slide T2 coupled by means of an axial screw 76, their IOpf 77 into the corresponding end of the main slide T2 engages which includes a stop 78; while the piston 70 is otherwise in its displacement by a Stop 79 is limited and is via an opening 80 with "Supplies liquid while another opening 81 can provide an air outlet.

In this embodiment, too, the openings 261, 256, 265 , 254 described in detail above and a secondary slide T'2 are found.

The mode of operation of such a distribution or control device is essentially analogous to the mode of operation described above and is therefore not repeated; the peculiarity of this distributor consists in the fact that the reaction cross-section S2 in itself the punctures of the cross sections 15G and P of the im

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Connection with the jig. 1 "to 5 described control resp. Distribution device united in itself.

Ε · -! it should also be noted that instead of a hydraulic control, the control or distribution device can also be coupled to a pneumatic device.

The invention thus creates a hydraulic distributor or control device, which is characterized in that a secondary slide T ^? is arranged in such a way that a chamber 01 with an annular reaction cross-section C2 is formed between these two. Examples of use are the flanging of parts to be machined, braking systems, etc.

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eerseite

Claims (12)

Claims · Hydraulic control or distribution device with a Slide which is coupled to a control member that is able to move this slide in the body of the Steuerbzw. To move distributor device to through an annular reaction chamber through at least one To supply liquid distribution or control circuit or to interrupt the supply while a device is provided to enable the return of the liquid in a storage or collecting container, thereby characterized in that a first slide, referred to as the main scraper, is provided, the one of the effect is subject to a tared limiting spring that a second slide is slidably mounted in the first slide is that the two slides leave an annular chamber with a reaction cross-section free between them through which the entire throughput passes, so that this ring- 809886/1038 MANlTZ FINSTERWALD HEYN MORGAN 8000 MUNICH 22 ROBERT-KOCH-STRASSE 1 TEL. (089) 2242 11 TELEX 05-29672 PATMF ORIGINAL INSPECTED shaped chamber is able to cause the first slide, to interrupt the fluid supply or supply or this slide in the event of possible and short-term excess pressures, which can arise in particular from a violent operation of the control member, into a Bring inhibition. 2. Hydraulic control or distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular chamber on the one hand has a first group of radially extending Passages or channels with a liquid supply device and on the other hand by means of a second group of radially extending channels or passages is in connection with a distribution or delivery channel. 3. Hydraulic distribution or control device according to claim 2, characterized in that the radial channels or passages of the first and the second group have a different one Have passage cross-section, the passages of the first group have a larger cross-section, so that any pressure peaks are absorbed by the reaction cross-section provided between the slides. 4. Hydraulic distribution or control device according to claim 1, thereby gekennz eichnet that the first main slide by a pull rod or a pull rod and a Spring device is coupled to an axial control intermediate element, this intermediate element is used to one To be assigned control member, and is able to have an annular volume with a volume provided in the body Form control response surface. 5. Hydraulic distributor or control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in 809886/103 8 η. e t that the return device for the liquid to a collecting container is formed by channels or passages which are in the plane of contact of the first slide and of the axial control element are provided, and an annular chamber between the tie rod and the second slide is provided through which the pull rod extends. 6. Hydraulic distribution or control device according to claim 5, characterized in that the provided in the contact plane of the first slide and the axial control element Passages or channels are formed by at least one groove or groove in the surface of the first and the second slide cooperating control is provided. 7. Hydraulic distributor or control device according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate control element is subjected to the action of a return spring, which is supported at one end on a disk associated with the pull rod, while a second limiting spring is supported on this disc and a surface of the first slide, and that the two springs are arranged on one and the same side of the first slide. 8. Hydraulic distribution or control device according to a of claims 1 and 5, characterized in that that the two springs are coaxial with one another. · 9. Hydraulic distributor or control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the control member is a mechanical and responsive to a direct tractive force and that it is the axial Control intermediate element assigned or attached to this 8 0 9 8 8 6/1038 and acts on the first main slide. 10- Hydraulic distribution or control device according to a of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the control unit to a hydraulic or pneumatic Circle is connected. 11. Hydraulic distribution or control device according to claim 1, dη characterized in that the secondary slide a head and a tubular portion that the head serves to contact the first slide stand that the tubular portion forms a Viand of the annular reaction chamber and comprises an end portion that is connected to a bore of the first slide is in engagement, and that the circular surface between the tubular Section and an inner wall of the first slide is enclosed, forms the reaction cross-section « 12. Hydraulic distribution or control device according to one of claims 1 to 5 »characterized in that that the first slide by means of a slidable assembly to the return spring and the limiting spring coaxial screw is coupled to a control piston and that the head of this screw in a sliding manner with a claw device provided in the end portion of the first slider is engaged. 809886/1038