DE282101C

DE282101C -

Info

Publication number: DE282101C
Application number: DENDAT282101D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

KLASSE 20«. GRUPPECLASS 20 «. GROUP

Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 14. Juli 1914 ab.Patented in the German Empire on July 14, 1914.

Im Eisenbahnbetriebe werden vielfach Sicherungseinrichtungen verwendet, bei denen eine meist an einem Ende einer Blockstrecke befindliche Stromquelle ihre Ströme durch die isoliert verlegten Schienen zu einem an anderer Stelle der Blockstrecke befindlichen Empfangsapparat sendet. Dieser Empfangsapparat läßt nur im stromdurchflossenen Zustande z. B. das Ziehen eines Signals, die Freigabe von Blockfeldern o. dgl. zu. Befindet sich ein Fahrzeug auf der Blockstrecke, so wird durch das Kurzschließen der Schienen durch die Achsen des Fahrzeuges der Empfangsapparat stromlos und die Signalgabe oder Freigabe der Blockfelder o. dgl. unmöglich. . Um diese Sicherungseinrichtung vor dem Einflüsse, fremder Gleichströme zu schützen, läßt man die Anlage gewöhnlich mit Wechselstrom . arbeiten.In the railway company, security devices are often used in which one usually located at one end of a block section power source its currents through the insulated rails to one at another point on the block route Receiving device sends. This receiver can only be used in the current-carrying state z. B. the pulling of a signal, the release of block fields o. The like. To. Located If a vehicle is on the block route, the short-circuiting of the rails through the axles of the vehicle the receiving apparatus is de-energized and the signaling or Release of the block fields or the like impossible. . To protect this safety device from the influences To protect external direct currents, the system is usually left with alternating current . work.

Wenn Starkstrom in genügender Menge vorhanden ist, z. B. bei elektrischen Bahnen, macht die Beschaffung der zum Betriebe der Sicherungseinrichtung erforderlichen Ströme keine Schwierigkeiten. Man benutzt in diesen Fällen meist Umformer als Wechselstromquelle für die Sicherungsanlage. Anderenfalls, z. B. bei Dampfbahnen, ist die Frage der Strombeschaffung oft schwierig. Man ist in solchen Fällen oft gezwungen, starke Primär- oder Sekundärbatterien aufzustellen und ohne Umformer stärkere Gleichströme, zum Betriebe der Sicherungseinrichtung zu benutzen. Derartige Einrichtungen sind aber sehr empfindlich und den oben erwähnten Störungen durch fremde Gleichströme ausgesetzt.If there is a sufficient amount of heavy current, e.g. B. for electric railways, procures the electricity required to operate the safety device no difficulties. In these cases, converters are usually used as an alternating current source for the security system. Otherwise, e.g. B. with steam trains, is the question of electricity procurement often difficult. In such cases one is often forced to set up strong primary or secondary batteries and without a converter Use stronger direct currents to operate the safety device. Such However, facilities are very sensitive and exposed to the above-mentioned interference from external direct currents.

Durch die Erfindung wird nun eine Einrichtung geschaffen, zu deren Betrieb nur wenige Elemente genügen und die gegen die Einwirkung fremder Gleichströme geschützt ist. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß ein verhältnismäßig schwacher Gleichstrom einer kleineren Gleichstromquelle (Elemente) entnommen und durch ein Kontaktpendel, wie es bei Polwechsiern üblich ist, in unterbrochenen Gleichstrom oder Wechselstrom umgewandelt dem Empfangsapparat, zugeführt wird. Der Empfangsapparat wird durch Kondensatoren oder Transformatoren und nach Bedarf durch Hinzufügung eines mit Verzögerung arbeitenden Relais vor fremden Gleichströmen geschützt.The invention now creates a device for its operation only A few elements are sufficient and which are protected against the effects of external direct currents is. This is achieved by using a relatively weak direct current smaller direct current source (elements) and taken through a contact pendulum, like it is common in pole changes to be converted into interrupted direct current or alternating current the receiving apparatus. The receiving apparatus is made up of capacitors or transformers and, if necessary, by adding a delayed one Relay protected from external direct currents.

In der Zeichnung sind zwei Ausführungsformen der Erfindung dargestellt. Two embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing.

In Fig. ι wird der Strom einer Batterie durch ein Kontaktpendel in einen unterbrochenen Gleichstrom verwandelt, welcher an der Relaisseite der isolierten Schienenstrecke durch einen Transformator in Wechselstrom verwandelt wird.In Fig. Ι the current of a battery is interrupted by a contact pendulum in a Converted direct current, which is on the relay side of the isolated rail line is converted into alternating current by a transformer.

In Fig. 2 wird das Kontaktpendel mit einem Transformator derartig verbunden, daß in der Sekundärwicklung Wechselstrom entsteht, der durch die Schienen zum Relais geleitet wird. Dieses wird durch besondere Kon-In Fig. 2 the pendulum contact is connected to a transformer in such a way that Alternating current is generated in the secondary winding, which is conducted through the rails to the relay will. This is made possible by special

Claims

capacitors are protected from the effects of external direct currents.

In Fig. Ι A and A _{1 are} the two isolated rails of a block section. B represents a set of apparatus which is located at one end of this block section and produces the required currents. C forms the apparatus set at the other end of the block section. In the apparatus set B , α means a direct current source (primary or secondary element), b is a contact pendulum, which is set in oscillation with the help of the electromagnet b _x in a known manner in that when the pendulum is pulled, the excitation current for the electromagnets again through an isolating contact is interrupted. This returns the pendulum to its rest position. One pole of the battery is connected to the rail A ₁ via the resistor Ci ₁ . The other pole is connected to the rail A via contacts I> ₂ and O ₃ - on the pendulum b in such a way that the oscillation of the pendulum b continuously sends any number of direct currents per second through the rails. On the other side of the block section, c represents the primary and C ₁ the secondary winding of a transformer. The secondary side C ₁ is connected to the winding of a relay d . The armature of this relay closes the current of a battery e via a second relay f, the armature of which closes a current that enables the signal setting or other releases in the blockwork. This relay is provided with a delay device of a known type, e.g. B. by granting a high level of self-induction.

If there is no vehicle on the block section , the current surges produced by the contact pendulum b flow over the rails through the transformer c, C ₁ , so that the relay d is traversed by alternating current from the secondary winding C _1. The armature of this relay is attracted and thereby closes the current for the relay / ¹ , whereby the driving position of the signal or the like is made possible. If, on the other hand, there is a vehicle on the isolated track, the two rails are short-circuited by the axles of this vehicle, the armature of the relay d drops as a result and also interrupts the current for the relay f, so that the signal is brought back to the stop position or other locking bars are made in the blockwork. The purpose of the resistor Ct ₁ is to short-circuit the rails. to prevent an excessive increase in the current through the axles of the vehicle.

Should foreign direct currents find their way into the rails, they can equalize each other through the primary winding of the transformer, c, without affecting the relay d . If a foreign direct current suddenly occurs in the rails with greater strength, a current could be generated _{in the secondary winding C 1} by the first current surge and the relay d could be made to respond briefly. In this case, however, the relay f remains unaffected because it works with a delay.

The device shown in Figure 2 operates in a similar manner. The only difference is that not interrupted direct currents are sent through the rails, but alternating currents. These are brought about in a known manner in that current surges are generated in alternating directions in the primary winding a _{ä of} the transformer by the Kon.taktpendel b , which cause alternating current in the secondary winding. These go through the insulated rails via the capacitors e ^ into the relay d. The capacitors C ₁ protect the relay d from the effects of §5 external direct currents. The mode of operation of this device is as shown in Fig.

2 what has been said is easily understandable.

■ Patent claims: _go

i. Safety device with isolated rail sections, in which interrupted direct currents or alternating currents are transmitted through the rails, characterized in that these currents are transmitted with the aid of. a contact pendulum (b) generated from a direct current source directly or with the interposition of a transformer and passed through the rails to a relay (d) through which signals or the like are influenced.

, 2. Device according to claim r, characterized in that the relay (d) is protected from the action of external direct currents by transformers (c, C ₁ ) or capacitors (S _{1 -).}

3. Device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the relay (d) is designed as a delay relay or controls a delay relay in order to prevent a harmful effect of suddenly occurring foreign direct currents.

For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.