DE2820748A1 - Water boiler using multiple heat sources - has double walled solar heat exchanger contg. washing water storage tank with inlet and outlet - Google Patents

Abstract

The heating boiler has a water vessel enclosing a combustion chamber supplied with fuel. Below the chamber is a solar heat exchanger transferring heat from a medium warmed by solar energy to the boiler return water. The solar heat exchanger (24) is of the double-walled type, the annular space (32) between the walls being supplied with the heated medium. The inner wall (26) forms a washing water storage tank, with inlet and outlet (28, 30) for the washing water. The water vessel can also contain a washing water after-heating and storage tank above the combustion chamber, connected to the one below it.

Description

"Boiler"

The invention relates to a boiler with a fuel heatable combustion chamber, a heating water tank surrounding the combustion chamber, in which by heat exchange with the jacket of the combustion chamber the heating water for a central hot water heating is heated, one in the heating water tank below the combustion chamber arranged solar Heat exchanger that works with a with solar energy heated medium can be fed and its heat to the heating water of the heating return.

Recently, solar energy has been increasingly used for heating used by apartment houses and for the production of service water. However, as the solar energy only occurs unevenly and predominantly in the warmer months of the year, it is in the In most cases it is necessary to provide additional heating sources.

The combination of conventional heating sources with solar energy in the same However, heating system causes considerable difficulties and is more satisfactory to achieve Results can only be solved with more equipment.

The invention is therefore based on the object of using solar energy to easily combine a conventional heating source in a single system, without the need for expensive additional equipment.

According to the invention this object is achieved in that the solar heat exchanger is a double-walled tank, the double room with the one with solar energy expect medium to be acted upon, and that the inner jacket has a domestic hot water tank forms with a domestic water inlet and a domestic water outlet.

The boiler according to the invention is very versatile.

With intense solar radiation, the solar energy is sufficient to to heat the heating water, so that the entire heating system only uses solar energy can work. At night or in colder seasons with less solar radiation the system is built in particular by heating the combustion chamber with conventional fuel, like oil or gas. However, it is also a combination of both heating sources possible, whereby the cooled return heating water is first fed to the solar heat exchanger meets, is preheated there and then through heat exchange with the combustion chamber is heated to the required flow temperature. At the same time can in the invention Boiler domestic water can be heated. The inner jacket of the double jacket container serves to exchange heat between the medium heated with solar energy and that too. heating domestic water, while the outer tank jacket is used for heat exchange between the heating return water and the medium heated with solar energy.

Since the heat available from the solar heating circuit may not be available sufficient to bring the domestic hot water to the desired temperature, in a domestic hot water tank above the combustion chamber in the heating water tank be arranged, its inlet with the outlet of the lower domestic hot water tank connected is. The lower domestic water tank is used to preheat the domestic water exploited with solar energy, while the top, in series with the Preheating storage tank arranged for post-heating to the set final temperature of the domestic water.

In the case of a boiler with a cylindrical combustion chamber, its axis is horizontal, the solar jacketed tank of the solar heat exchanger and the domestic hot water reheating storage tank is also cylindrical, with the cylinder axes of the three containers are arranged one above the other and preferably in a common one vertical plane. The double-walled solar tank, the combustion chamber as well The heating water tank surrounding the domestic hot water reheating tank can thereby through three cylinders arranged one above the other can be formed, the interiors of which are in the areas of contact the cylinder jackets are continuously connected to one another. With this construction a space-saving, very effective arrangement can be created.

In the heating water tank, preferably at the level of the domestic hot water post-heating storage an electric heating cartridge can be arranged. This can then be particularly advantageous if only a small amount in addition to the heat available from the solar heating circuit Additional energy requirement is required. The combustion chamber can be heated in this operational case can then be waived.

All heating elements, namely the combustion chamber, the lower heat exchanger with double jacket and preheating storage tank, the upper reheating storage tank and the electric heating cartridge, can be arranged in a common, closed pressure vessel. With this Construction can not only keep the technical expenditure low, probes there is about it in addition, the advantage that in the den entire remaining space of the pressure vessel filling heating water depending on of the various operating states under pure gravity circulation conditions can develop vertical flow conditions and temperature stratifications. Of the Boiler always works optimally, even if the temperature conditions are due a different heat supply through the solar heating circuit, through change the temperature of the heating return due to the difference in heat from the domestic water or by switching the burner or the electric heating cartridge on and off continuously change.

To support the setting of the desired flow conditions the pressure vessel above the combustion chamber can be the connection for the heating water flow and below the combustion chamber have the connection for the heating water return.

Furthermore, for better mixing of the entering into the pressure vessel Return water with the rest of the heating water is a funnel-shaped widening Pipe socket be provided, which inden from the connection of the heating water return Interior of the heating water tank extends.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, for example and described in detail below with reference to the drawing.

There are shown: FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a longitudinal section through the boiler and a representation of the circuits and FIG. 2 a section along the line II-II from FIG. 1.

According to the drawing, the boiler 2 consists of a pressure vessel 4, which is surrounded by an insulating outer jacket 6.

The pressure vessel 4 has corresponding to that shown in FIG Cross-section on an outer contour, which is defined by three cylinders arranged one above the other 8, 10 and 12 is formed, the superposed cylinders in their contact area are continuously connected to one another over a greater width, so that one in proportion the height of the container is narrow with three bulges.

A cylindrical combustion chamber 14 is located in the middle bulge 10 used, which can be heated with the aid of a 1 or gas burner 16. The burner 16 is fixed in one end wall 18 of the cylindrical combustion chamber 14, while the smoke outlet 20 is mounted in the opposite end wall 22.

In the lower bulge 8 of the pressure vessel 4 is located a centrally arranged double-walled container 24. The inner jacket 26 is used for Except for service water and has a service water inlet in its lower area 28 and a hot water outlet 30 in its upper area. The annulus 32 between the inner hot water tank 26 and the outer jacket 34 is with fed by a medium heated by solar energy. The Sol-ar flow 36 is with Using a circulation pump 38 pushed through solar panels 40 and passed over a return 42 again into the annular space 32 formed by the double jacket 24. The connections 44 and 46 of the flow and return of the solar circuit are located at opposite ends of the annulus 32.

In the upper bulge 12 of the pressure vessel 4 is in the center Arrangement, a cylindrical container 48 used as a reheat storage for the domestic water is provided.

For this purpose it is connected in series with the preheating storage tank26, wherein the outlet 30 of the preheating memory 26 via a line 50 and an inlet Aß connection 52 opens into the lower region of the reheating memory 48. From the An outlet leads to the upper area of the reheating storage tank 48, which is surrounded by the heating water 54 to extraction point 56.

Between the combustion chamber 14 and the upper post-heating domestic water storage tank 48 there is an additional heater in the form of a Electric heating cartridge 58, the heating surfaces of which are closely spaced below the post-heating domestic hot water storage tank 48 run.

The connection 60 of the heating water flow is located between the combustion chamber 14 and the reheating water storage tank 48 located area Von there the heating water runs through a flow line 62, a mixer valve 64, in which it can optionally be mixed with return water, and via a Circulation pump 66 to the radiators 68 and arrives from there via the return line 70 and a connection 72 back into the pressure vessel 4, namely the connection 72 in the area between the lower double-walled container 24 and the combustion chamber 14. From the connection 72 of the heating water return a goes into the interior of the Pressure vessel 4 extending funnel-shaped widened pipe socket 74 from which for a good mixing of the return water with that in the pressure vessel the rest of the heating water.

In times of strong sunlight, the boiler can be used alone Solar energy are operated. The ehäl through the annular space 32 of the Doppelmantelb ters 24 circulating solar medium is through the inner jacket 26 its heat to the process water and via the outer jacket 34 to the water in the pressure vessel 4 located heating water. When the solar energy to run the boiler fails more is sufficient, the electric heating cartridge 58 and / or the burner 16 can be switched on. However, the solar energy can be used in any operating case be exploited; The solar energy can be used even with the slightest amount of sunlight at least for preheating the domestic water in the lower preheating domestic water storage tank 26 use.

A good one automatically takes place inside the pressure vessel Heat transfer to the heating water by automatically changing the rinsing around the heating surfaces. Vertical flow conditions are created under the pure gravity circulation and temperature stratifications. These properties make inside the boiler any control devices, motor mixers, pumps, etc. superfluous, as the individual heat sources from the heating water are already automatic are optimally washed around.

Claims (10)

Claims boiler with a combustion chamber that can be heated with a fuel, a heating water tank surrounding the combustion chamber, in which by heat exchange the heating water for central hot water heating with the jacket of the combustion chamber is heated, one arranged in the heating water tank below the combustion chamber Solar heat exchanger that can be fed with a medium heated by solar energy and transfers its heat to the heating water of the heating return, d a d u r It is noted that the solar heat exchanger is a double-walled tank (24) is, the double jacket space (32) with the medium heated with solar energy can be acted upon, and that the inner jacket (26) has a water heater a process water inlet (28) and a process water outlet (30). 2. Boiler according to claim 1, d a d u r ch g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that in the heating water tank (4) above the combustion chamber (14) a domestic hot water post-heating storage (48) arranged with a process water inlet (52) and a process water outlet (54) is, the domestic water inlet (52) with the domestic water outlet (30) of the lower Domestic hot water tank (26) is connected. 3. Boiler according to claim 2 with a cylindrical combustion chamber, whose axis is horizontal, which means that the Solar jacketed tank (24) of the solar heat exchanger and the domestic water reheating storage tank (48) are cylindrical and that the cylinder axes of the solar double-walled container (24), the combustion chamber (14) and the domestic hot water reheating tank (48) one above the other lie. 4. Boiler according to claim 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that the three cylinder axes of the solar double-walled container (24), the combustion chamber (14) and the domestic hot water reheating tank (48) in a common vertical Lie level. 5. Boiler according to claim 4, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the solar double jacket container (24), the combustion chamber (14) as well the domestic hot water reheating tank (48) surrounding the heating water tank (4) by three Cylinders (8, 10, 12) arranged one above the other are formed, the interiors of which are in the contact areas of the cylinder jackets are continuously connected to each other. 6. Boiler according to one of claims 1 to 5, d a -d u r c h g e no indication that there is an electric heating cartridge in the heating water tank (4) (58) is arranged. 7. Boiler according to claim 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that the electric heating cartridge (58) is approximately at the level of the domestic hot water storage tank (48) is arranged. 8. Boiler according to one of claims 1 - 7, d a d u r c h g e k It is noted that all heating elements in a common, closed Pressure vessel (4) are arranged. 9. Boiler according to claim 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that the pressure vessel above the combustion chamber (14) has the connection (60) for the heating water flow and below the combustion chamber the connection (72) for the heating water return having. 10. Boiler according to claim 9, d ad u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that from the connection (72) of the heating water return a into the interior of the heating water tank (4) extending funnel-shaped widened pipe socket (74) goes out.