DE2820204A1 - ELECTROMAGNETIC RELEASE SPRING-PRESSURE BRAKE, WITH ADJUSTABLE BRAKING TORQUE, IN PARTICULAR FOR ELECTRIC DRIVES - Google Patents

ELECTROMAGNETIC RELEASE SPRING-PRESSURE BRAKE, WITH ADJUSTABLE BRAKING TORQUE, IN PARTICULAR FOR ELECTRIC DRIVES

Info

Publication number
DE2820204A1
DE2820204A1 DE19782820204 DE2820204A DE2820204A1 DE 2820204 A1 DE2820204 A1 DE 2820204A1 DE 19782820204 DE19782820204 DE 19782820204 DE 2820204 A DE2820204 A DE 2820204A DE 2820204 A1 DE2820204 A1 DE 2820204A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
braking torque
brake
pressure brake
spring pressure
electromagnetic force
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19782820204
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE2820204C2 (en
Inventor
Adolf Ortlinghaus
Otto Ortlinghaus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ORTLINGHAUS AG
Original Assignee
ORTLINGHAUS AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ORTLINGHAUS AG filed Critical ORTLINGHAUS AG
Publication of DE2820204A1 publication Critical patent/DE2820204A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2820204C2 publication Critical patent/DE2820204C2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/24—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with a plurality of axially-movable discs, lamellae, or pads, pressed from one side towards an axially-located member
    • F16D55/26—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with a plurality of axially-movable discs, lamellae, or pads, pressed from one side towards an axially-located member without self-tightening action
    • F16D55/28—Brakes with only one rotating disc
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D59/00—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed
    • F16D59/02—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed spring-loaded and adapted to be released by mechanical, fluid, or electromagnetic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/20—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets
    • F16D2121/22—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets for releasing a normally applied brake

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

In this method, the magnetic flux of a spring pressure brake is switched off for a short period of time to prevent the armature disc (13) from sticking to the magnet body (15). The magnetic flux is then controlled as a function of the desired braking torque. The differential contact pressure which arises as a result is determined by the force of the springs (17) and the counterforce exerted on the armature disc (13) by the magnet coils. By this method, it is possible, with a commercially available, inexpensive, electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake to vary the braking torque in accordance with the load to be braked. <IMAGE>

Description

Elektromagnetisch lüftbare Federdruckbremse, mitElectromagnetically released spring pressure brake, with

regulierbarem Bremsdrehmoment, insbesondere für Elektroantriebe - Ansprüche - Elektromagnetisch lüftbare Federdruckbremse, mit regulierbarem Bremsdrehmoment, insbesondere für Elektroantriebe Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektromagnetisch, entgegen dem Federdruck lüftbare Reibscheibenbremse, die zum Abbremsen umlaufender Maschinenteile, wie z.B. der Antrieb von Untersetzungsgetrieben bzw. Antriebe für Hebezeuge, Hubstabler oder dergleichen bestimmt, aber auch für andere Zwecke verwendbar ist und je nach Last der abzubremsenden Teile ein hierauf abgestimmtes Bremsdrehmoment hat und bei der eine auf der Welle axial verschiebbare, aber unverdrehbar gehaltene Bremsscheibe zwischen der Ankerscheibe eines als Bremslüfter wirkenden Elektromagneten und einer Gegendruckscheibe geführt ist.adjustable braking torque, especially for electric drives - Expectations - Electromagnetically released spring pressure brake, with adjustable Braking torque, especially for electric drives The invention relates to an electromagnetic, Against the spring pressure releasable friction disc brake, which for braking is circumferential Machine parts, such as the drive of reduction gears or drives for Lifting equipment, forklifts or the like intended, but can also be used for other purposes and, depending on the load of the parts to be braked, a braking torque that is matched to this has and in which one on the shaft axially displaceable, but held non-rotatably Brake disk between the armature disk of an electromagnet acting as a brake fan and a counter pressure disc is guided.

Bei bekannten Bremsen dieser Bauart tritt der elektromagnetische Kraftfluss in gleichbleibender Stärke an beiden Magnetpolen in axialer Richtung auf die Ankerscheibe über, so dass die Bremse lüftet und kein Bremsmoment vorhanden ist und beim abgeschalteten Magneten die Ankerscheibe ständig unter Einwirkung von im Magnetkörper angeordneten Druckfedern steht und diese die Bremsscheibe mit gleichbleibender Federanpresskraft beaufschlagt und somit die Bremse geschlossen hält.In known brakes of this type, the electromagnetic force flow occurs with constant strength on both magnetic poles in the axial direction on the armature disk over so that the brake is released and there is no braking torque and when switched off Magnets the armature disk constantly under the action of arranged in the magnet body Compression springs stand and this the brake disc with constant spring pressure applied and thus keeps the brake closed.

Diese Tatsache bedingt, dass bei solchen Antrieben ohne Rücksicht auf die vorhandene Last nur ein gleichbleibendes Bremsmoment zur Verfügung steht und somit bei nur geringer oder nichtvorhandener Last zu hart abgebremst wird oder umgekehrt bei Vollast das Bremsmoment zu gering ist.This fact means that with such drives without consideration only a constant braking torque is available for the existing load and is therefore braked too hard when there is little or no load or conversely, the braking torque is too low at full load.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, diesen Nachteil zu beheben und die Regelung des Bremsmomentes einer Federdruckbremse so vorzunehmen, dass entsprechend der abzubremsenden Last das Bremsmoment variabel gesteuert werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of addressing this disadvantage remedy and regulate the braking torque of a spring-loaded brake in such a way that that the braking torque can be controlled variably according to the load to be braked can.

Gemäss der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass der Elektromagnet mit einer kleineren Spannung gespeist und somit die Ankerscheibe mit einer niedrigen elektromagnetischen Kraft beaufschlagt wird, so dass die durch die Druckfedern aufgebrachte Anpresskraft auf die Reiblamelle durch die gleichzeitig entgegenwirkende, verringerte elektromagnetische Kraft reduziert wird, wodurch wiederum nur noch ein Teilbremsmoment wirksam ist.According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the electromagnet fed with a lower voltage and thus the armature disk with a lower voltage electromagnetic force is applied, so that the applied by the compression springs Contact pressure on the friction plate due to the simultaneously counteracting, reduced electromagnetic force is reduced, which in turn only has a partial braking torque is effective.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing.

Figur 1 zeigt eine elektromagnetisch lüftbare Federdruckbremse im Schnitt. Schematisch ist noch der Bremsstromkreis dargestellt.Figure 1 shows an electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake in Cut. The braking circuit is also shown schematically.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Seitenansicht der Federdruckbremse nach Figur 1.FIG. 2 shows a side view of the spring-applied brake according to FIG. 1.

In der Zeichnung ist eine Elektromagnet-Federdruck-Zweiflächenbremse dargestellt, bei der die Bremslamelle 11 über die Ankerscheibe von den gleichmässig über den inneren und äusseren Umfang des Magnetkörpers 15 verteilten und in diesem geführten Druckfedern 17 gegen eine nicht dargestellte Gegendruckscheibe gedrückt wird und somit über die beiden Lamellenreibflächen 18, 19 ein Weiterdrehen der Welle 21 verhindern und von einer durch die im Magnetkörper 15 eingelassene Magnetspule 23 entgegen der Federkraft erzeugten elektromagnetischen Kraft nur noch die Differenz der beiden entgegengesetzten Kräften wirksam ist.In the drawing is an electromagnetic spring-applied two-surface brake shown, in which the brake plate 11 over the armature disk of the evenly distributed over the inner and outer circumference of the magnetic body 15 and in this guided compression springs 17 pressed against a counter-pressure disc, not shown and thus a further rotation of the shaft via the two lamellar friction surfaces 18, 19 21 prevent and from a magnet coil embedded in the magnet body 15 23 against the spring force generated electromagnetic force only the difference of the two opposing forces is effective.

Schematisch ist noch ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Bremsstromkreises dargestellt, wobei die Stromquelle mit 25 bezeichnet ist. Im Bremsstromkreis liegt ein Potentiometer 27, das der Einstellung des Bremsmomentes dient.Another embodiment of the braking circuit is schematic shown, wherein the power source is designated by 25. Is in the braking circuit a potentiometer 27, which is used to adjust the braking torque.

Gegebenenfalls könnte auch ein fester Widerstand verwendet werden. Je mehr Strodurch das Potentiometer fliesst, desto mehr wird die Ankerscheibe 13 entgegen der Federkraft der Federn 17 angezogen und desto geringer wird das Bremsmoment.A fixed resistor could also be used if desired. The more current flows through the potentiometer, the more the armature disk 13 becomes tightened against the spring force of the springs 17 and the lower the braking torque.

Lässt das Potentiometer 27 genügend Strom fliessen, so kann das Bremsmoment auch null werden. Gegebenenfalls kann noch ein parallel zum Potentiometer 27 angeordneter Schalter 29, der auch ein Kontakt eines Relais sein kann, verwendet werden, um die Bremse voll zu lüften. Ein weiterer Schalter 31 kann vorgesehen sein, um die Stromquelle 25 ganz abzuschalten. Dem Fachmann sind auch noch andere Schaltungen möglich; wesentlich ist nur, dass Gebrauch gemacht wird von der bisher unbekannten erfinderischen Erkenntnis, dass eine elektromagnetisch lüftbare Federdruckbremse den erforderlichen Einsatzbedingungen angepasst werden kann, indem durch Steuerung der Stromzufuhr und entsprechend geänderter elektromagnetischer Kraft die Anpresskraft und somit das Bremsdrehmoment geregelt wird. Eine solche Verwendung einer elektromagnetisch lüftbaren Federdruckbremse war bisher unbekannt.If the potentiometer 27 allows enough current to flow, the braking torque can also become zero. If necessary, can still one parallel to the potentiometer 27 arranged switch 29, which can also be a contact of a relay, is used to fully release the brake. Another switch 31 can be provided to switch off the power source 25 completely. Other circuits are also known to those skilled in the art possible; It is only essential that use is made of the previously unknown inventive knowledge that an electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake can be adapted to the required conditions of use by controlling the power supply and correspondingly changed electromagnetic force the contact force and thus the braking torque is regulated. Such a use of an electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake was previously unknown.

LeerseiteBlank page

Claims (4)

Patentansprüche 1. Elektromagnetisch lüftbare Federdruckbremse bei der eine auf der umlaufenden Welle unverdrehbar befestigten, aber axial verschiebbaren, auf beiden Seiten mit Reibflächen versehene Bremsscheibe zwischen einer Anker scheibe eines als Bremslüfter wirkenden Elektromagneten und einer Gegendruckscheibe gehalten ist und die Anpresskraft auf die Reibflächen durch Druckfedern erzeugt wird, sowie durch Aufbringen einer elektromagnetischen Kraft gelüftet werden kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei verringerter elektromagnetischer Kraft die Anpresskraft und somit das Bremsdrehmoment den erforderlichen Einsatzbedingungen angepasst werden kann.Claims 1. Electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake the one fixed on the rotating shaft non-rotatably but axially displaceable, Brake disc with friction surfaces on both sides between an armature disc an electromagnet acting as a brake fan and a counter-pressure disk and the contact pressure on the friction surfaces is generated by compression springs, as well as can be ventilated by applying an electromagnetic force, characterized in that that with reduced electromagnetic force, the contact force and thus the braking torque can be adapted to the required conditions of use. 2. Elektromagnetisch lüftbare Federdruckbremse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nur kurzzeitig durch Ausschalten des magnetischen Kraftflusses das volle Bremsdrehmoment vorhanden ist, danach ein sehr kurzer Impuls von annähernd der Betriebsspannung der Spule aufgegeben wird um ein Kleben der Ankerscheibe zu überbrücken und während des weiteren Abbremsvorganges die angelegte Spannung dann nur noch einem Teil der Betriebsspannung z.B. 50% entspricht um somit einen Differenzanpressdruck zwischen feder- und elektromagnetischer Kraft auf die Bremsreibflächen zu bewirken, wodurch ein kleineres Bremsdrehmoment erzeugt wird.2. Electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake according to claim 1, characterized marked that only briefly by switching off the magnetic flux the full braking torque is available, followed by a very short impulse of approximately the operating voltage of the coil is applied in order to stick the armature disk bridge and then the applied voltage during the further braking process only part of the operating voltage, e.g. 50%, corresponds to a differential pressure to effect between spring and electromagnetic force on the brake friction surfaces, whereby a smaller braking torque is generated. 3. Elektromagnetisch lüftbare Federdruckbremse nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erforderliche Betriebsspannung und somit das erforderliche Bremsmoment durch in den Stromkreis eingebaute Relais bzw. Potentiometer geregelt werden kann.3. Electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the required operating voltage and thus the Required braking torque through built-in relays or potentiometers can be regulated. 4. Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines regulierbaren Bremsmomentes bei einer elektromagnetisch lüftbaren Federdruckbremse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch Regelung der Stromzufuhr die elektromagnetische Kraft geändert und die Anpresskraft, bzw.4. Method for generating an adjustable braking torque at a electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake, characterized in that by Regulation of the power supply changed the electromagnetic force and the contact force, respectively. das Bremsdrehmoment den Einsatzbedingungen angepasst wird. the braking torque is adapted to the operating conditions.
DE19782820204 1977-07-11 1978-05-09 Method for braking with an electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake Expired DE2820204C2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH851777A CH624744A5 (en) 1977-07-11 1977-07-11 Method for actuating an electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2820204A1 true DE2820204A1 (en) 1979-01-18
DE2820204C2 DE2820204C2 (en) 1983-02-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19782820204 Expired DE2820204C2 (en) 1977-07-11 1978-05-09 Method for braking with an electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake

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CH (1) CH624744A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2820204C2 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0326966A2 (en) * 1988-01-28 1989-08-09 Christian Mayr GmbH & Co. KG Electromagnetically actuated spring brake
WO1993010368A1 (en) * 1991-11-11 1993-05-27 Chr. Mayr Gmbh & Co. Kg Maintenance-free, electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake with a new type of electric driving circuit for the magnet coil
FR2724898A1 (en) * 1994-09-26 1996-03-29 Linde Ag HANDLING TROLLEY ON THE GROUND HAVING AN ACCUMULATION BRAKE
EP0735292A2 (en) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-02 Lenze GmbH & Co. KG Aerzen Method of operating an electromagnetically released spring-applied brake with smooth braking initiation
EP0790429A1 (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-20 Lenze GmbH & Co. KG Aerzen Spring-applied brake with electromagnetic release
US6129184A (en) * 1996-10-25 2000-10-10 Dana Corporation Variable torque braking device
JP2012189210A (en) * 2011-02-24 2012-10-04 Nsk Ltd Negative operating type electromagnetic brake device and control method and control device thereof and driving device
CN104493608A (en) * 2014-12-29 2015-04-08 浙江恒大数控机床制造有限公司 Magnetic card lock device for main shaft stopping of numerical control machine tool and control method thereof

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4336990C1 (en) * 1993-10-29 1994-11-17 Lenze Gmbh & Co Kg Extertal Method for the operation of an electromagnetically liftable spring pressure brake
DE19548517B4 (en) * 1995-12-22 2004-11-04 Linde Ag Method for braking a vehicle and device for carrying out the method

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7231645U (en) * 1972-08-26 1974-10-31 Brinkmann K ELECTROMAGNETIC RELEASE SPRING-PRESSURE BRAKE

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7231645U (en) * 1972-08-26 1974-10-31 Brinkmann K ELECTROMAGNETIC RELEASE SPRING-PRESSURE BRAKE

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Konstruktion" 21 (1969), H. 4, S. 140, Bild 10 *

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0326966A2 (en) * 1988-01-28 1989-08-09 Christian Mayr GmbH & Co. KG Electromagnetically actuated spring brake
EP0326966A3 (en) * 1988-01-28 1990-06-13 Christian Mayr Gmbh & Co. Kg Electromagnetically actuated spring brake
WO1993010368A1 (en) * 1991-11-11 1993-05-27 Chr. Mayr Gmbh & Co. Kg Maintenance-free, electromagnetically releasable spring pressure brake with a new type of electric driving circuit for the magnet coil
FR2724898A1 (en) * 1994-09-26 1996-03-29 Linde Ag HANDLING TROLLEY ON THE GROUND HAVING AN ACCUMULATION BRAKE
EP0735292A2 (en) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-02 Lenze GmbH & Co. KG Aerzen Method of operating an electromagnetically released spring-applied brake with smooth braking initiation
EP0735292A3 (en) * 1995-03-30 1999-03-31 Lenze GmbH & Co. KG Aerzen Method of operating an electromagnetically released spring-applied brake with smooth braking initiation
DE19605234A1 (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-21 Lenze Gmbh & Co Kg Aerzen Spring-applied brake with electromagnetic ventilation
EP0790429A1 (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-20 Lenze GmbH & Co. KG Aerzen Spring-applied brake with electromagnetic release
DE19605234C2 (en) * 1996-02-13 2001-10-11 Lenze Gmbh & Co Kg Aerzen Spring-applied brake with electromagnetic ventilation
US6129184A (en) * 1996-10-25 2000-10-10 Dana Corporation Variable torque braking device
DE19747114B4 (en) * 1996-10-25 2005-05-25 Warner Françe Electromagnetically operated disc brake for lift truck
JP2012189210A (en) * 2011-02-24 2012-10-04 Nsk Ltd Negative operating type electromagnetic brake device and control method and control device thereof and driving device
CN104493608A (en) * 2014-12-29 2015-04-08 浙江恒大数控机床制造有限公司 Magnetic card lock device for main shaft stopping of numerical control machine tool and control method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH624744A5 (en) 1981-08-14
DE2820204C2 (en) 1983-02-24

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