DE2819936B1

DE2819936B1 - Lubricant channel system in a crosshead pin

Info

Publication number: DE2819936B1
Application number: DE19782819936
Authority: DE
Inventors: Heinrich Dipl-Ing Eth Comminot
Original assignee: Sulzer AG
Current assignee: Sulzer AG
Priority date: 1978-04-27
Filing date: 1978-05-06
Publication date: 1979-10-31
Also published as: CH632805A5; DE2819936C2

Abstract

As hitherto, the ducting system has a feed bore (11) to which the lubricant line is connected; the feed bore (11) terminates in the diametral bore (9) of the piston rod end, from which bore the central axial bore (13) of the crosshead pin (6) emerges. At least some of the lubrication points are connected to this by way of transverse bores (16, 18). The transverse bores (16, 18) are arranged mirror-symmetrical to the horizontal axial plane (c-c) through the central axial bore (13). The mirror-symmetrical arrangement of the transverse bores (16, 18) allows the crosshead pin (6) to be reversed when its bottom running surface, subject to wear, is worn out; its replacement period can thereby be considerably extended. <IMAGE>

Description

Fig.l zeigt in einem Schnitt 1-1 von Fig.2, der senkrecht zur Zapfenachse verläuft, eine erste Ausführungsform eines Kreuzkopfzapfenlagers gemäß der Erfindung; F i g. 2 ist ein Schnitt ll-ll von F i g. 1; F i g. 3 ist eine Ansicht von F i g. 4 in Richtung des Pfeiles A und gibt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Kreuzkopfzapfens wieder; F i g. 4 ist eine Aufsicht auf F i g. 3 in Richtung des Pfeiles B; F i g. 5 und 6 schließlich stellen die Schnitte V-V bzw. Fig.l shows in a section 1-1 of Fig.2, which is perpendicular to the pin axis runs a first embodiment of a cross-head journal bearing according to the invention; F i g. 2 is a section II-II of FIG. 1; F i g. 3 is a view of FIG. 4 in the direction of arrow A and gives a second embodiment of a cross head pin again; F i g. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3 in the direction of arrow B; F i g. 5 and 6 finally represent the sections V-V and

Vl-Vl von Fig.3 dar.Vl-Vl of Figure 3.

In den F i g. 1 und 2 ist der zweiteilige Lagerdeckel 1 mit dem Lagersattel 2 mit Hilfe von Schubstangenschrauben 3 fest verbunden. Eine im Deckel 1 ausgebildete erste Lagerfläche 4 bildet mit einer im Lagersattel gelegenen zweiten Lagerfläche 5 eine Lagerbohrung, in welcher ein Kreuzkopfzapfen 6 drehbar angeordnet ist. In the F i g. 1 and 2 is the two-part bearing cap 1 with the bearing saddle 2 firmly connected with the help of push rod screws 3. One formed in the cover 1 first bearing surface 4 forms with a second bearing surface located in the bearing saddle 5 a bearing bore in which a cross-head pin 6 is rotatably arranged.

Ein Endzapfen 7 (Fig. 2) der Kolbenstange 8 erstreckt sich durch eine Diametralbohrung 9 des Zapfens 6 hindurch und ist an diesem über eine Gewindemutter 10 befestigt. Der Kreuzkopfzapfen 6 weist eine quer zu seiner Achse verlaufende Zuführbohrung 11 auf, an welcher eine durch ein Kniehebelsystem 12 hindurch zugeführte, nicht weiter dargestellte Schmiermittelleitung angeschlossen ist; durch diese fließt von einer ebenfalls nicht gezeigten Pumpe gefördert, dem Zapfenlager Schmieröl zu. Der Kreuzkopfzapfen 6 hat ferner eine zentrale Axialbohrung 13, die über einen zwischen der Diametralbohrung 9 und dem Endzapfen 7 vorhandenen Zwischenraum 15 mit der Zuführbohrung 11 in Verbindung steht und an ihren beiden Enden mit je einem Verschlußstopfen 14 verschlossen ist. An end pin 7 (Fig. 2) of the piston rod 8 extends through a diametrical bore 9 of the pin 6 through and is on this via a threaded nut 10 attached. The cross head pin 6 has a transverse to its axis Feed bore 11, at which a toggle system 12 fed through, Lubricant line, not shown, is connected; flows through this promoted by a pump, also not shown, lubricating oil to the journal bearing. The cross head pin 6 also has a central axial bore 13, which has an between the diametrical bore 9 and the end pin 7 existing space 15 with the feed bore 11 is connected and each with a sealing plug 14 at both ends is locked.

Im Kreuzkopfzapfen 6 sind ferner radiale Querbohrungen 16 vorgesehen, die gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung spiegelsymmetrisch zu einer horizontalen Axialebene C durch den Zapfen 6 verlaufen und den Zapfen 6 als Diagonalbohrungen längs eines Durchmessers durchsetzen. In the cross head pin 6 radial transverse bores 16 are also provided, which according to the present invention is mirror-symmetrical to a horizontal axial plane C run through the pin 6 and the pin 6 as diagonal holes along one Enforce diameter.

Die radialen Querbohrungen 16 gehen alle von der Axialbohrung 13 aus und erstrecken sich bis zur Oberfläche des Lagerzapfens 6. Sie münden je in eine, ihnen zugeordnete, in Umfangsrichtung der Lagerfläche 5 verlaufende Umfangsnut 17, die in einer Lagerschale 22 eingebettet ist; jede Nut 17 steht mit einer Durchgangsbohrung für eine der Schubstangenschrauben 3 über eine Abströmbohrung 20 in Verbindung. The radial transverse bores 16 all go from the axial bore 13 and extend to the surface of the journal 6. They each open into a circumferential groove assigned to them and extending in the circumferential direction of the bearing surface 5 17, which is embedded in a bearing shell 22; each groove 17 has a through hole for one of the push rod screws 3 via an outflow bore 20 in connection.

Neben den Querbohrungen 16 sind in Achsrichtung des Zapfens 6 weiter außen im Bereich der Gleitschuhe 19 weitere, ebenfalls radial verlaufende Querbohrungen 18 vorhanden, durch die die Gleitschuhe 19 mit Schmieröl versorgt werden. In addition to the transverse bores 16, the pin 6 continues in the axial direction outside in the area of the sliding shoes 19 further, also radially extending transverse bores 18 present, through which the sliding shoes 19 are supplied with lubricating oil.

Die im Lagersattel 2 ausgebildete Lagerfläche 5 enthält ferner Schmiernuten 21, welche in der Lagerschale 22 in axialer Richtung der Lagerbohrung für den Zapfen 6 verlaufen. Die Abströmbohrungen 20 kommunizieren mit Zuströmkanälen 23 über weitere Teile eines Strömungsweges für das Schmiermittel. The bearing surface 5 formed in the bearing saddle 2 also contains lubrication grooves 21, which in the bearing shell 22 in the axial direction of the bearing bore for the pin 6 run. The outflow bores 20 communicate with inflow channels 23 via further ones Parts of a flow path for the lubricant.

Diese umfassen die zwischen den Schubstangenschrauben 3 und einer Durchgangsbohrung vorhandenen Hohlräume 24, von denen jeder mit einer Abströmbohrung 20 in Verbindung steht, sowie Verbindungsbohrungen 25, welche in Querrichtung des Kreuzkopfzapfenlagers verlaufen und die Hohlräume 24 mit den Zuströmbohrungen 23 zur Lagerschale 22 verbinden.These include those between the push rod screws 3 and one Through hole existing cavities 24, each of which with a discharge hole 20 is in communication, as well as connecting bores 25, which in the transverse direction of the Cross-head journal bearings and the cavities 24 with the inflow bores 23 connect to the bearing shell 22.

Weiter sind eine in axialer Richtung des Lagersattels 2 verlaufende, die Bohrungen 25 miteinander verbindende Längsbohrung 26 und eine von dieser ausgehenden, im Innern der Pleuelstange 28 in Richtung zum nicht gezeigten unteren Pleuelstangenlager erstreckende Speisebohrung 27 zur Versorgung dieses Lagers mit Schmiermittel vorgesehen. Next are a running in the axial direction of the bearing saddle 2, the bores 25 interconnecting the longitudinal bore 26 and one extending from this, inside the connecting rod 28 in the direction of the lower connecting rod bearing, not shown extending feed bore 27 is provided for supplying this bearing with lubricant.

Im Betrieb fließt das Schmiermittel entlang den in F i g. 1 mit Pfeilen angedeuteten Strömungswegen zunächst durch das Kniehebelsystem 12, das mit einer Anschlußplatte 33 am Zapfen 6 befestigt ist, dann weiter über die Zuführbohrungen 11 und den Zwischenraum 15 in die Axialbohrung 13 und durch die unteren Radialbohrungen 16 des Zapfens 6 in die Umfangsnuten 17. Zur Versorgung der Lagerschale 22 strömt das Schmiermittel aus den Nuten 17 durch die Abströmbohrungen 20, die Hohlräume 24, die Verbindungsbohrungen 25 und die Zuströmbohrungen 23 zu den Nuten 21 in der Lagerfläche 5. Die Verbindungsbohrungen 25 versorgen dabei zugleich die Längsbohrung 26 und die Speisebohrung 27, über die die Schmierung des unteren Pleuelstangenlagers stattfindet Beim zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel (F i g.3 bis 6) bleiben die in einer Ringnut 30 endenden Radialbohrungen 18, durch die die Gleitschuhe 19 mit Schmieröl versorgt werden, gegenüber der ersten Ausführungs. In operation, the lubricant flows along the lines shown in FIG. 1 with arrows indicated flow paths initially through the toggle system 12, which is with a Connection plate 33 is attached to the pin 6, then on through the feed bores 11 and the space 15 into the axial bore 13 and through the lower radial bores 16 of the pin 6 in the circumferential grooves 17. To supply the bearing shell 22 flows the lubricant from the grooves 17 through the outflow bores 20, the cavities 24, the connecting bores 25 and the inflow bores 23 to the grooves 21 in the Bearing surface 5. The connecting bores 25 at the same time supply the longitudinal bore 26 and the feed bore 27, via which the lubrication of the lower connecting rod bearing takes place in the second embodiment (F i g.3 to 6) remain in one Annular groove 30 ending radial bores 18 through which the sliding shoes 19 with lubricating oil are supplied, compared to the first execution.

form unverändert Um jedoch die Menge ungenutzt durch die das eigentliche Zapfenlager mit 1versorgenden Querbohrungen fließenden Öls zu reduzieren, sind statt der radial angeordneten Bohrungen 16 horizontale Längsbohrungen 31 vorhanden, die wiederum spiegelsymmetrisch zur Ebene C den Kreuzkopfzapfen 6 durchsetzen und an den Enden durch Verschlußzapfen 32 verschlossen sind Von den Längsbohrungen 31 gehen - etwa in der Mitte der voneinander unabhängigen Hälften der eigentlichen Lagerfläche des Zapfens 6 - horizontal verlaufende Querbohrungen 34 aus, die, wie die Radialbohrungen 16, auf der Mantelfläche des Zapfens im Bereich der Umfangsnuten 17 enden Parallel zur Zuführbohrung 11, die die zentrale Axialbohrung 13 mit der in der Anschlußplatte 33 endenden Schmiermittelleitung 37 verbindet, verlaufen zu den Längsbohrungen 31 im Zapfen 6 Zubringerbohrungen 35; durch diese Bohrungen 35 können die Längsbohrungen 31, parallel zur und unabhängig von der Zuführleitung 11 zur Axialbohrung 13, mit Öl gespeist werden.form unchanged To however the amount unused by the the actual Journal bearings with 1 supplying cross bores to reduce flowing oil are instead of the radially arranged bores 16, horizontal longitudinal bores 31 are present, the again, mirror-symmetrically to plane C, pass through the cross-head pin 6 and on the ends are closed by locking pins 32. Go from the longitudinal bores 31 - roughly in the middle of the independent halves of the actual storage area of the pin 6 - horizontally extending transverse bores 34, which, like the radial bores 16, on the lateral surface of the pin in the area of the circumferential grooves 17 end in parallel to the feed bore 11, which the central axial bore 13 with that in the connection plate 33 terminating lubricant line 37 connects, extend to the longitudinal bores 31 in the pin 6 feeder bores 35; through these bores 35, the longitudinal bores 31, parallel to and independently of the feed line 11 to the axial bore 13, with Fed by oil.

Durch eine entsprechend ausgebildete Nut 36 in der Anschlußplatte 33 wird dabei dafür gesorgt, daß jeweils nur diejenige der Längsbohrungen 31 mit Öl versorgt wird, die mit den Umfangsnuten 17 in Verbindung steht, während diejenige, die auf der freien Oberfläche des Zapfens 6 endet, von der Ölzufuhr abgesperrt ist Auf diese Weise ist der ungenutzt abströmende Ölfluß, der in der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 und 2 möglich ist, wirksam unterbunden. By means of a correspondingly formed groove 36 in the connection plate 33 it is ensured that in each case only that of the longitudinal bores 31 with Oil is supplied, which is in communication with the circumferential grooves 17, while the one which ends on the free surface of the pin 6, is blocked from the oil supply In this way, the unused outflowing oil flow is that in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 and 2 is possible, effectively prevented.

Claims

Claims: 1. Lubricant channel system in a cross head pin a piston machine, in particular a diesel internal combustion engine, for the supply of lubricant to the cross-head journal bearing, with lubricating oil supplied by means of a lubricant line is fed to the lubrication points, and the connection of the lubricant line via at least one feed bore and one diametrical bore for the piston rod end is connected to a central axial bore to which at least some of the lubrication points connected via transverse bores distributed at intervals over the axial length of the pin is, characterized in that the transverse bores (16, 18, 31) are mirror-symmetrical to one, with the pin (6) installed, through the central axial bore (13) horizontally extending axial plane (C) are arranged.

2. lubrication channel system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a part of the transverse bores (16, 18) as the pin (6) along a diameter penetrating diagonal bores are formed.

3. lubrication channel system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that in addition to the central, some of the lubrication points via radial diagonal holes (18) supplying axial bore (13) two more eccentric to the pin axis Longitudinal bores (31) are provided, which preferably have horizontal transverse bores (34) are connected to the remaining lubrication points, and that also the lower of the two eccentric longitudinal bores (31) with the lubricant line (37) a feeder bore (35) and a groove (36) in the connection plate (33) for this Line (37) is connected.

The invention relates to a lubricant channel system in a cross head pin a piston machine, in particular a diesel internal combustion engine, for the supply of lubricant to the cross-head journal bearing, with lubricating oil supplied by means of a lubricant line is fed to the lubrication points and the connection of the lubricant line via at least one feed bore and one diametrical bore for the piston rod end is connected to a central axial bore to which at least some of the lubrication points connected via transverse bores distributed at intervals over the axial length of the pin is.

One system of the above type is for the lubricant delivery known for the cross-head pin (DE-PS 26 31 376); starting from the central axial bore Cross bores open into circumferential grooves on the outer periphery of the pin, which are arranged in a bearing surface of the bearing cover or the bearing saddle and via outflow bores with the further system housed in the bearing parts of lubricant channels are in communication.

As a result of wear and tear, the lower, load-bearing running surface of the cross-head pin damaged during operation. In order to postpone his replacement as much as possible, the pin should therefore be designed to be reversible, i.e. by rotating it through 180 °, for example about its transverse axis in FIG. 4, the previously lower, should be wrecked The running surface comes to rest on the top and the unused, previously upper running surface of the pin become the loaded lower.

The object of the invention is to provide the lubricant channel system described to be modified so that such reversibility of the crosshead pin is possible will. According to the invention, this object is achieved in a simple manner in that the transverse bores mirror-symmetrically to one, with built-in pin through the Axial bore are arranged horizontally extending axial plane; radial Cross bores can be produced with particularly little manufacturing effort wcrden if they are used as diagonal bores penetrating the pin along a diameter are trained.

Depending on whether the mentioned circumferential grooves in which the tenons penetrating cross bores open into the bearing cover or in the bearing shell of the Bearing saddle are arranged, are for the lubricant supply upper or lower Cross holes required. Those not used in a certain mounting position of the journal Cross bores are deliberately left open at their ends in order to avoid turning of the journal to ensure the flow of lubricant safely and to avoid the risk of that opening the previously closed holes is forgotten.

This increased security against the journal bearing running dry after turning the cross head pin must - when arranging the circumferential grooves in the lower bearing shell - but may be bought with the disadvantage that A relatively large amount of lubricant is unused between the bearing cover and the cross-head pin the upwardly facing transverse bores flows into the upper half of the bearing, in which there is greater play in operation relative to the lower one. In such cases it is therefore necessary to equip the lubricating oil pumps with an unnecessarily large capacity. According to a further concept of the invention, this disadvantage can, however, be countered that in addition to the central one, some of the lubrication points have radial diagonal holes supplying axial bore two further longitudinal bores located eccentrically to the pin axis are provided, which preferably have horizontal transverse bores with the remaining Lubrication points are connected, and that also the lower of the two eccentric Longitudinal bores with the lubricant line via a feeder bore and a Groove in the connection plate for this line is connected. With this construction only the lower ones, i.e. H. the transverse bores opening into the circumferential grooves supplied with oil, so that the problem described is avoided.

In the following the invention is illustrated by means of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail in connection with the drawing.