DE2800927A1 - PROCESS FOR CONNECTING COMPONENTS MADE FROM DIFFERENT MATERIALS - Google Patents

Description

PAT DEALERS

H. KINKELDEY

3 => -XI

W. STOCKMAiR K. SCHUMANN P. H. JAKOB G. BEZOLD

CR HE »-J.T ■ DIH - CHe, M

8 MUNICH 22

P 12 327

Jan. 10, 1978

Polyplastics Co., Ltd.

50, 2-chome, Azuchimachi, Higashi-ku, Osaka-shi, Japan

Method for connecting components from different

materials

The invention relates to a method for connecting components made of different materials.

According to the method according to the invention, in particular two components made of different materials A and B connected, where A is a material that can be welded by ultrasound, from which the first component is formed. The third component made of material A is used in such a way that one under Using ultrasonic waves, the two components made of material A can be welded together to form the second component made of material B with the first component made of material A. The second component from the material B is placed tightly between the first and third component.

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1 (O39) 22 23 62 TELEX O5-Q9 38O TELEGRAMS MONAPAT TELECOPER

_M 28Q0927

z-

For connecting components made of different materials with one another there are several different known methods:

(a) Connection with the help of screws or with the help of Flanges,

(b) driving in with the help of ultrasonic waves,

(c) caulking using heat or ultrasonic waves, and

(d) Connect by driving.

However, these known procedures are disadvantageous.

Procedure (a) is only suitable for limited areas of application, procedure (b) requires large amounts of energy and tends to cause deformation, the method (c) is low in work efficiency connected and requires a large amount of energy and the process (d) leads to deformation or Deformation and can only be used to a limited extent.

In contrast to this, the method according to the invention requires only a small amount of energy and can be carried out within a shorter time are executed. Due to the diminished, to be melted Amount of material and the reduced tendency! the method according to the invention can be used for a wide variety of purposes.

According to the invention, a method for connecting two components, at least one of which consists of a material, is characterized which is weldable with ultrasonic waves, characterized in that the first component is made of the material that can be welded with ultrasonic waves and the second components made of a different material are fixed in their respective positions for connection, that the third component made of the same material as the first component is arranged outside the second component and in contact is brought with the first component, and that ultra-

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Sound waves are applied to the first and third component to fix the second component to the first component connect to.

In order to advantageously achieve the aim according to the invention, the third component must be arranged at such a point that the second component does not move away from the first component again due to the presence of the solid third component can separate.

In other words, the invention provides a method for Connection of components made of different materials, according to which the second component made of a material B in the first component made of a material that is different from material B and can be welded with the aid of ultrasonic waves is that then the third component made of the material A is arranged outside the second component and in contact with the first Component is brought, and that the first and the third component are then welded together with the aid of ultrasonic waves to connect the second component to the first component. In this way, the inserted into the first component Piece of the second component to be fixed tightly.

A preferred idea of the invention lies in the connection of two components, of which at least one consists of a material that can be welded by ultrasonic waves, the first component of the material that can be welded by ultrasonic waves and the second component of a different material in their corresponding positions for connection who arranged the, the third component made of the same material as the first component outside the second component and brought into contact with the first component, and that ultrasonic waves are applied to the first and third component to the second component with the first component to connect the relevant bodies.

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The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of exemplary embodiments.

Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the invention for assembling a container;

Figure 3 shows schematically several methods for ultrasonic welding, which can be used in the invention,

FIGS. 4-A and 4-B show a further embodiment according to FIG Invention for assembling an object with an inserted piece before and after the welding is carried out,

FIGS. 5A, 6A,? A and J? B _t 6B, 7B show schematically in cross-sectional views objects which include inserted pieces with different shapes, namely before and after the welding is carried out.

The components and their reference symbols are listed below:

a »first component, b» second component, c * third Component, d * weld section,

1 »main body, 2 - cover part, 3 ^β ring, 1 ^! = Main body, 2 '»insert or inserted piece, 3'» ring »^, 4 '= weld section or weld seam.

To illustrate the invention, the following is specifically a basic embodiment of the method according to the invention is explained with reference to FIG.

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According to FIG. 1, two components a and b are made of different materials A and B provided. The second saw part b made of the material B can be inserted into the first component a, the consists of material A and has a receiving section, which is formed, for example, by a recess or a cavity. The second component b * iird then salt the Component a connected. Since the components are made of different materials, it is impossible to help them with one another by ultrasonic waves, although the material A by ultrasonic waves with components made of the same material is weldable.

The third component c, which is made of a material A and is arranged outside the second component d, is shown in FIG Contact with the first component a. ilacli figure Ί will be the first Component a of a cylindrical main body with a hollow ~ space is formed and the second component b is an insert that can be received by the first component »Then the third Component c made of the material A, which is designed in the form of a ring, attached to the outer circumference of the insert b.

As can be seen, the insert b is between the main body a and the ring c set so that it cannot fall out of the main body a when the ring c and the main body a by ultrasonic waves on their contact surfaces have been welded.

Two typical and extremely advantageous embodiments of the Processes according to the invention are explained in detail below, although the process also applies to various others Areas of application can be transferred.

The first embodiment deals with assembly a container, which is composed of components made of different materials, which are interconnected by ultrasonic waves should be connected.

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According to the method according to the invention, a closed or an open container can consist of at least two components different materials can be assembled with the help of ultrasonic waves if the components are specially designed, although the components are not welded with the help of ultrasonic waves according to the previously customary procedures could.

The invention thus enables at least two components that are never directly welded to one another to be joined together with the aim of completing a closed or open container

Conventionally, containers were produced by joining at least two components from the same plastic. The components were designed in the usual way for welding, so that a caterpillar seam, an overlapped joint seam with beveled joints, a weld with energy concentration and a partial seam on the welding surfaces.

In some applications, however, it is necessary to connect a component made of a plastic material to another component made of a metallic material with the purpose to obtain a container a final product, that is, composed of a main body of a plastic with a cover plate composed of a metal.

The components cannot possibly be connected by welding. Typical manufacturing methods for this include, for example: (1) clamping a plastic main body by flanging the edge of a metallic cover plate, (2) driving in a metallic cover plate with the aid of ultrasonic waves, (3) sealing the plastic material using heat or ultrasonic waves, etc.

These procedures are, of course, complicated and often associated with inadequate bonding.

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The present invention overcomes these difficulties by having a simple and understandable process indicates with which the goal can be achieved in a simple, faster and more economical way.

According to Figure 2, horizontal contact surfaces 5 (flange) provided on the upper portion of a main body 1 and on the bottom part of a cover plate 2. The two components are on to connect their surfaces to one another to form a container 'or a receptacle. When a special air— If tightness is required, a sealing element, such as an O-ring seal, with a circular cross-section can be used or a packing can be inserted between the contact surfaces.

With 6 is an O-sealing ring in the illustrated embodiment designated, which is intended to be sealed off.

In general, the main body 1 has a vertically upwardly pointing section 7 ^a ^ of the edge of the flange, on which the main body 1 is to be welded to a separately manufactured welding ring 3.

When assembling, first internal parts and contents are put into the main body 1, which is molded by injection molding has been. A cover plate 2, which has been compression-molded from a metallic material or from a plastic, the is not weldable to the main body 1, is then placed on the main body 1.

Subsequently, a ring 3 », which is produced by injection molding from the same material as the main body 1, is placed in an appropriate position and then welded to the main body Λ along the welding section 4 with the aid of a known technique of ultrasonic welding.

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An O-ring or other sealing element is used during welding placed on the horizontal flange surface and by a pressure force acting in the direction of the arrow in FIG depressed by a welding device for ultrasonic welding to complete the assembly of the container.

The time required to complete and carry out the aforementioned method steps is equal to the sum of the Times for assembling the components (which can generally be done within a very short time) and for welding (this time is usually 1 to 3 seconds including cooling).

In the method according to the invention, the connection can different materials, which were previously considered impossible to combine, within one shorter period.

The invention thus provides a substantially simplified and very cheap method of joining.

The method can also be used to assemble a main body and a lid in which the complementary assignment is reversed.

In F.ig. 3 are four basic embodiments for ultrasonic welding shown. The numbers (1), (2), (3) and (4) indicate a construction weld, an overlapped connection seam with beveled joints, a weld with a concentration of energy and a partial seam. The main body 1 and the ring can be welded together in any of the four types of welds shown above. The direction in which the ultrasonic waves should impinge is indicated in the drawing with an arrow.

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ΛΑ

According to another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, an inserted piece or j an insert recorded and fixed without stresses and tensions with the help of ultrasonic waves.

In other words, the invention enables definition an insert or an inserted piece with the help of ultrasonic waves in a special design, wherein the insert cannot be inserted during injection molding, and the insert is set so that no tensions or stresses remain in the assembled structure.

Usually inserts have been made in one by injection molding molded object in the following ways

placed.

1) An insert is inserted during injection molding and is held in place as the plastic shrinks; ·

2) An insert is pressed into the injection molded item and is thus recorded in this $

3) an insert is driven into the molded article using ultrasonic waves;

4-) An insert is made using a cast object driven by high frequency waves.

The method according to 1) is used in most application cases of inserts and is widely used. However At the same time, this procedure has disadvantages. One such disadvantage is that the object break easily due to a so-called creep rupture or creep rupture as a result of internal stresses or internal stresses

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_ - ■■> _

that can be caused by the shrinkage. Another The problem is that the use is limited or restricted when the object is formed from a material that tends to deform under pressure, such as For example a sintered alloy or ferrite, or a material that can be influenced by high pressure values and high temperature values such as plastics with a low melting point or glass.

As for the procedures according to 2) to 4), are Effects due to the heat except for the procedure according to 4-) not so severe, although the procedure according to 3) is also associated with a heat generation. At the same time it should be noted that procedures 2) to 4) are limited by the mechanical strength of the Are subject to use, and is not suitable for applications in which the surface of one is subject to impact standing object is not flat, i.e. if the surface is spherically curved or pointed.

In the method according to the invention, use can also be made thereby be determined that one forms on the insert a certain projection or a retaining element that a Prevents the insert from falling out. If necessary, the insert can also be arranged non-rotatably by trains suitable devices to prevent rotational movement on the mission. The invention also encompasses in contrast, the use of an insert which is designed so that it relates to the object can rotate freely.

In particular, the desired article can be assembled with an insert by attaching a retaining ring to a Main body made of plastic welded using ultrasonic waves.

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INSFECI .--

With reference to the drawing, there is in particular this Yorgeiiensvieise in Eigur 4-A with a very advantageous embodiment of an operation shown. To fix this insert on the main body, the aforementioned "procedure 1) can be used. This practice would however, lead to creep rupture when the article is used at a high temperature, although the insert can be held very easily by the shrinkage of the plastic. The method 2) on an interference fit is also unsuitable because creep rupture or crack formation is easy to cause during the interference fit can be, since one achieves only a low resistance to a peel force and a reduced compliance with norms.

Also with the method according to 3) occurs during driving Lär-a on, and nan only gets a low resistance craft against peeling and reduced dimensional accuracy. Although the method according to 4) can be carried out using a reduced force compared to the method according to 5) where ultrasonic waves can be used, this method cannot be used when the use is out consists of a material that cannot be heated inductively or tends to deteriorate when heated inductively.

However, these difficulties are overcome with the method according to the invention.

In particular, the insert is formed so that it has a portion which creates a resistance force against the insert falling out, which is shown in Figure 4-A. The main body 1 'and the ring 3 ¹ "which consist of the same plastic material which is weldable by ultrasonic waves are welded together using ultrasonic waves, so that the insert is held accurately and tightly onto the main body. Since the insert does not apply mechanical force to the main body, the article is free from creep rupture risk.

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In Figures 4-A and 4-B, the components are inclined before the application of ultrasonic welding and after assembly. A weld seam is denoted by 4- ^1.

With regard to the use, the material used for this purpose is not restricted according to the invention. This represents a significant one This has an advantage over the usual procedures according to 1) to 4-), in which the material is subject to restrictions is subject.

In particular, the method according to the invention is free from fractures, for example in ferrite or during deformation occur from a sintered alloy during injection molding and free from the melting of the plastic masses or rubber masses at a temperature below the melting point of the main body. In addition, a fragile insert, such as made of glass, can be used without the risk of breakage.

According to Figures 4A and 4B, the use can be different Shapes (flat) have, for example, a circle, a polygonal shape, an oval shape, one with notches or grooved circular shape and a shape with a knurling.

In Figures 5 to 7, an arrangement is shown in which the Use is designed in different ways, which is not possible with the previously customary methods according to 1) to 4). Compartment of Invention, however, can be used with designs according to can be attached to the figures in a simple manner.

In Figures 5 to 7, the arrangement in Figures 5A, 6A, 7A before welding and in FIGS. 5B, 6B and TB shown after welding. The direction in which the ultrasonic waves impinge and are transmitted are shown in the figures indicated with an arrow.

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

28QQ92?

If the ring 5 ' , which is a basic component of the invention, does not go through the insert, as is the case for example in Figure 5A, where the insert has a curved section, the ring can be divided into two halves for this purpose.

In Figure 7, a spherical insert is shown which can be formed by a steel ball, the Insert can act as a bearing if the insert is inserted with a loose fit or can act as a a damping device serve when the use of a Rubber ball is formed, which is used with a snug fit.

In the embodiments according to Figures 4-7, this is Ultrasonic welding is used to form a bead weld, which is the basic embodiment of a welded joint represents. However, similar effects are also obtained when other procedures are used, for example in Figure 3, i.e., a procedure for forming an overlapping Connection seam with beveled joints, welding with energy concentration or a process: for Bi-I-dung a partial connection seam.

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Claims (4)

TA N WÄ '-T ΕΞ £ 800927 A. GRÜNECKER 0 ' ⁰ L-ING H. KINKELDEY W. STOCKMAiR PH JAKOB G. BEZOLD 8 MUNICH MAXIMiI-IANSTRASSS P 12 32? Claims h.J Method of joining two components, one of which at least one of one with the aid of ultrasonic waves weldable material, characterized in that the first component consists of the through Ultrasonic waves weldable material and the second component made of a different material in their respective positions be arranged for connecting that the third component made of the same material as the first component outside of the second component is arranged and brought into contact with the first component, and that ultrasonic waves on the first and second component meet to the second component to connect with the first component in the appropriate places. draws, 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second component is attached to a receiving portion of the first component is first inserted into the first component, and that the third component is in the form of a ring placed on the second component along its outer circumference will. ORiGJNAL INSPECTED 809828 / G992 TELEPHONE (OB9) as as 62 TELEX OS-SQ 3BO TELEGRAMS MONAPAT 28ÜÜ327 3. The method according to claim 1 and / or claim 2, characterized in that the first component and the
third component have contact surfaces in a shape, so a caterpillar joint, an overlapped joint with beveled joints, a weld with energy concentration or can bring down a partial connection seam. 4. The object, characterized in that it is produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 has been. 5- subject to. Claim 4-, characterized in that the object is designed as a container is. 809828/0992