DE276719C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

- Yes 276719 - CLASS 12 f. GROUP

and reduction of iron.

Patented in the German Empire on May 25, 1913.

The invention relates to such processes for the production of hydrogen from Water vapor and iron, in which the iron contact mass with mixtures of gas and Air is treated.

In these processes, caking and slagging easily occur; the contact ground very soon diminishes in effectiveness; the yield of hydrogen decreases. These

ίο unpleasant phenomena are after Investigations by the inventor attributed to the fact that on the one hand the combustion at the points where the air is supplied is a very violent one, while on other places the temperatures are too low again.

These evils appear particularly unpleasant when one is dealing with reducing Flame works using high quality gases. Here, at the point of entry of the air, there are so rapid and sudden Burns take place that temperatures occur here which are well above the Go beyond the melting point of the iron contact mass. The mixture formed at these points of carbonic acid, carbon dioxide, water and hydrogen, as a rule, no longer has any reducing properties; the same thing can even under certain circumstances have an oxidizing effect on sponge iron that has already formed. Conversely, there is a large excess of at other points in the reduction shaft Reducing gas, however, the temperature is so low that the attack of the gases is not quick can, so that they can go through the contact mass

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enough to go through part undecomposed.

According to the present invention, these deficiencies are remedied in that the for Treatment of the iron mass serving gas-air mixture out of contact with the same in special rooms upstream of the contact area.

The gas-air mixture is produced, for. B. in with the reaction shaft in Connecting mixing chambers into which the gas and a certain percentage introduced by air and partially burned and implemented there, while at the same time care is taken that the air that occurs at the combustion zones Heat is transferred to all of the gases so that temperatures do not rise too high can occur anywhere.

The invention can be used in a wide variety of methods and devices for producing hydrogen find successful application after the iron contact method. In the following, the same is intended to be based on a few specific exemplary embodiments explained.

Fig. Ι illustrates z. B. a device for hydrogen production, in which an annular, at the same time directly and indirectly heated decomposer α is provided, which is limited from the outside by the shaft wall β and is directly connected to the boiler room b enclosed by it.

In the lower part of this generator there is one

annular mixing chamber 2 is provided, which is in communication with the annular decomposer α through slots 3. 4 is a ring line for the gas, 5 is a ring line for the air. The gas line 4 is connected to the mixing chamber 2 by a plurality of lines 6, the air line 5 by a plurality of lines 7.

The lines 3 connecting the mixing chamber 2 to the reaction space b are directed downwards in order to prevent the gas-air mixture from leaving the mixing chamber 2 before intimate mixing.

When working with the device illustrated in FIG. 1, gas is introduced into the mixing chamber 2 through the line 4, 6, while at the same time a controllable amount of air is supplied through the line 5, 7. The gas-air mixture is intimately mixed in the annular chamber 2 and partially burned. The highly heated combustion gases flow through the slots 3 into the lower part of the decomposition room a, flow through the reaction material from the bottom up and from here into the heating room b, where they are completely burned in a known manner with sufficient amounts of fresh air being supplied. The exhaust gases are led into the chimney through pipe c.

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the device illustrated in Fig. Ι, in which the mixing chamber 2 is arranged in the upper part of the generator. 3 shows a section according to II-II of FIG. 2. In the apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the filling openings I are arranged laterally, while the discharge openings i are located directly under the decomposer space α .

When working with the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 2, the combustion products flow out of the mixing chamber 2 through the slots 3 into the upper part of the decomposition chamber a, penetrate the contact mass from top to bottom and leave the decomposition chamber at 8.

The exhaust gases from the reduction, which can possibly be completely burned by air supplied from below from the room 9, now flow through the inner heating room b in a known manner and escape into the chimney when the flap 10 is open.

The embodiment illustrated in Fig. 2 has the advantage that the risk of Overheating is reduced even more as the hot gases are conducted from top to bottom that the discharge of the exhaust gases leaving the boiler room directly into the chimney can take place, and that, finally, the emptying is simplified.

The space 9 is expediently connected to an auxiliary line 11 for heating gas, which makes it possible to particularly heat the heating space b.

In this furnace, the hydrogen is discharged through the mixing chamber 2, which is equipped with a hydrogen discharge 12 for this purpose.

To achieve a completely intimate mixture of gas and air have particularly Ring channels proved to be advantageous in which the gas and air nozzles tangentially merge. When using such ring-shaped mixing chambers, the Jet flames occurring at the points of entry of the air are compensated for by the fact that velvet Gases are in rapid rotation. This creates a very even reaction mixture which distributes its heat evenly over the entire cross-section of the furnace.

Claims (3)

Patent Claims: 1. Device for generating hydrogen by alternating oxidation and reduction of iron, characterized by an optionally arranged above the reaction space Chamber in which the mixture of gas and air required for the treatment of iron apart from contact with the iron mass. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the arranged below Mixing chamber is connected to the reaction space by downwardly directed slots or tubes. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the mixing chamber ring-shaped and equipped with feeds for air and gas that open into the same tangentially is. 1 sheet of drawings.