DE27571C - Process for the preparation of aluminum from fluoroaluminum by means of the sodium vapors produced by the annealing of sodium and calcium carbonate with charcoal - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of aluminum from fluoroaluminum by means of the sodium vapors produced by the annealing of sodium and calcium carbonate with charcoalInfo
- Publication number
- DE27571C DE27571C DENDAT27571D DE27571DA DE27571C DE 27571 C DE27571 C DE 27571C DE NDAT27571 D DENDAT27571 D DE NDAT27571D DE 27571D A DE27571D A DE 27571DA DE 27571 C DE27571 C DE 27571C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- aluminum
- charcoal
- fluoroaluminum
- annealing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 5
- APURLPHDHPNUFL-UHFFFAOYSA-M fluoroaluminum Chemical compound [Al]F APURLPHDHPNUFL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims 4
- 229960003563 Calcium Carbonate Drugs 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 title claims 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 fluoroaluminum fluorosodium Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/04—Obtaining aluminium with alkali metals earth alkali metals included
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMPATENTAM
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein neues Verfahren zur Gewinnung des Aluminiums aus seinen Erzen oder aus anderen dieses Metall enthaltenden Stoffen.The present invention relates to a new process for the extraction of aluminum from its ores or from other materials containing this metal.
Nach diesem Verfahren wird zunächst das Aluminium, wie es in seinen Erzen oder sonstigen Verbindungen enthalten ist, in Fluoraluminium verwandelt und hieraus dann das Metall direct dargestellt unter Einwirkung von Natriumdämpfen oder Gasen, die durch Erhitzen einer Mischung von kohlensaurem Natron oder dessen Aequivalent mit Holzkohle und Kreide oder Kalk entwickelt und dann in directe Berührung mit dem Fluoraluminium gebracht werden.After this process, the aluminum is first, as it is in its ores or other Compounds is contained, transformed into fluoroaluminum and from this the metal direct shown under the action of sodium vapors or gases produced by heating a mixture of carbonate of soda or its equivalent with charcoal and chalk or lime and then brought into direct contact with the fluoroaluminum.
Bei Ausführung dieses Verfahrens wählt Erfinder gleiche Gewichtstheile von Korund und Bauxit oder andere .aluminiumhaltige Stoffe und Flufsspath und bringt dieselben in einen Ofen oder in eine Retorte mit entsprechend grofsem Boden, auf den die zu behandelnden Körper gelegt werden; letztere können aber auch in Tiegel gefüllt und dann in den Ofen gebracht werden. Der Zweck des Vorganges bei diesem Verfahren ist, alle Feuchtigkeit aus den Stoffen zu entfernen und die ganze Masse gehörig zu calciniren, was durch Erhitzen des Ofens bis zur vollständigen Rothglühhitze geschieht.In carrying out this process, the inventor chooses equal parts by weight of corundum and Bauxite or other aluminum-containing substances and river path and put them in a furnace or in a retort with a correspondingly large base on which the bodies to be treated are placed be placed; however, the latter can also be filled into crucibles and then placed in the oven will. The purpose of the operation in this procedure is to remove all moisture from the fabrics to remove and to calcine the whole mass properly, which can be achieved by heating the furnace to complete red glow heat happens.
Ist das Calciniren der Masse vollendet, so wird letztere aus der Retorte herausgenommen und nach dem Erkalten pulverisirt oder in kleine Stücke zerschlagen. Mit je 50 kg der pulverisirten Masse werden dann ca. 15 kg Fluornatrium gemischt, welche Mischung dann in einen Ofen oder Tiegel gebracht und zusammengeschmolzen wird, wodurch sie in Fluoraluminiumfluornatrium umgewandelt wird.When the calcination of the mass is complete, the latter is removed from the retort and after cooling, pulverized or broken into small pieces. With 50 kg each of the pulverized The mass then becomes approx. 15 kg of fluorosodium mixed, which mixture is then placed in an oven or crucible and melted together thereby converting it to fluoroaluminum fluorosodium.
Diese Mischung von Fluoriden wird dann zu Pulver zermahlen oder in sehr kleine Stücke zerschlagen und mit einer ]/4 ihres Gewichtes betragenden Menge pulverisirter Holzkohle oder mit anderen kohlenstoffhaltigen Substanzen gemischt, für welchen Zweck sich die verschiedenen. Oelarten besonders gut eignen.This mixture of fluorides is then ground to a powder or crushed into very small pieces and weight amount crowd pulverisirter charcoal or mixed with a] / 4 with other carbonaceous substances, for which purpose the various. Types of oil are particularly suitable.
Zu je 50 kg pulverisirter Masse werden 12,5 kg Chlorkalium und 5 kg Chlornatrium zugesetzt. Die Masse wird dann gemischt und, wenn nöthig, unter Zusatz von Wasser in Kuchen oder Kugeln geformt.For every 50 kg of powdered mass there are 12.5 kg Chlorine of potassium and 5 kg of sodium chloride were added. The mass is then mixed and, if necessary, formed into cakes or balls with the addition of water.
Die beiden letztgenannten Bestandtheile werden zusammengeschmolzen, ehe sie mit den anderen gemischt werden. Es können hierfür auch andere Flufsmittel zur Verwendung gelangen, doch sind die beiden vorbeschriebenen jedenfalls vorzuziehen.The two last-mentioned components are melted together before they are combined with the others are mixed. Other fluxes can also be used for this purpose, but the two above are to be preferred in any case.
Nach Behandlung der Masse in der beschriebenen Weise wird sie in einen geeigneten Ofen gebracht und unter Einwirkung von Hitze von ihrer Feuchtigkeit befreit.After treating the mass in the manner described, it is transformed into a suitable Brought to the oven and freed from their moisture under the action of heat.
Im weiteren Verlauf dieses Verfahrens wird das getrocknete Material auf den falschen Boden oder eine gelochte Zwischenwand einer Retorte gebracht, so dafs sie sich in einiger Entfernung über dem wirklichen Boden der Retorte oder des Ofens befindet.In the further course of this process, the dried material is on the wrong floor or a perforated partition of a retort placed so that it is some distance away above the actual bottom of the retort or furnace.
Diese Retorte ist mit einer anderen Retorte verbunden, in der sich ungefähr 20 Gewichtstheile calcinirter Soda oder kohlensauren Natrons, 10 Gewichtstheile pulverisirter Holzkohle undThis retort is connected with another retort which contains about 20 parts by weight calcined soda or carbonate of soda, 10 parts by weight of powdered charcoal, and
5 Gewichtstheile Kreide, Kalk oder anderer kohlensaurer Salze befinden. Die Masse wird nach inniger Vermischung in eine Retorte gebracht, die mit der das zu behandelnde Fluorid enthaltenden Retorte so in Verbindung steht, dafs das in ersterer erzeugte Gas frei nach der letzteren übertreten kann. Aus Bequemlichkeitsrücksichten empfiehlt es sich, die gasbildende Masse in Röhren aus Asbest oder ähnlichem hitzebeständigen Material einzubringen, doch kann sie auch auf den Boden der Retorte gebracht werden, ohne die Wirkung wesentlich zu beeinflussen.5 parts by weight of chalk, lime, or other carbonate. The crowd will after intimate mixing brought into a retort containing the fluoride to be treated containing retort is so connected that the gas generated in the former is free after the can override the latter. For reasons of convenience, it is advisable to use the gas-forming To put mass in tubes made of asbestos or similar heat-resistant material, but it can also be brought to the bottom of the retort without significantly affecting the effect influence.
In diesem Stadium des Verfahrens werden die beiden letztgenannten Retorten der Einwirkung äufserer Hitze ausgesetzt und wird die die zu vergasende Masse enthaltende Retorte allmälig bis nahe auf Weifsglühhitze gebracht, hierdurch entwickeln sich aus der Soda und der Holzkohle Natriumdämpfe, die dann in die mit dem gelochten Boden versehene Retorte hinüberstreichen und mit der darin befindlichen Masse in Berührung kommen, wodurch sie eine chemische Reaction in Bezug auf diese hervorrufen, welche darin besteht, dafs sich das in der Retorte enthaltene Metall auf deren Boden niederschlägt.At this stage of the procedure, the latter two retorts are exposed to the action exposed to external heat and becomes the retort containing the mass to be gasified Gradually brought to close to white glowing heat, as a result of which the soda and the charcoal sodium vapors, which are then fed into the retort with the perforated bottom stroke over and come into contact with the mass in it, making them a to produce chemical reaction in relation to these, which consists in the fact that the The metal contained in the retort is deposited on the bottom of the retort.
Erfinder behält sich vor, die vorstehend angegebenen Verhältnifszahlen der zur Ausübung seines Verfahrens benöthigten Stoffe abzuändern, da, wie praktische Versuche dargethan haben, dieselben auch anders gewählt werden können, ohne an den von ihm angegebenen Erfolgen etwas Wesentliches zu ändern, obgleich die oben angegebenen Mengen solche sind, mit denen zufriedenstellende Resultate erzielt worden sind.The inventor reserves the right to use the ratios given above to exercise to change the substances required by his method, since, as practical experiments have shown, the same can also be chosen differently, without affecting the successes indicated by him to change something substantial, although the quantities given above are those with which satisfactory results have been obtained.
Aus den Vorgängen bei der vorbeschriebenen Verfahrungsweise ergiebt sich, dafs die Entwickelung der Natriumdämpfe zu derselben Zeit stattfindet, wenn sie ihre Wirkung als Reductionsmittel auf die Aluminium mischung ausüben sollen.From the processes involved in the procedure described above, it follows that the evolution of sodium vapors takes place at the same time when they are acting as reducing agents should exert on the aluminum mix.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE27571C true DE27571C (en) |
Family
ID=303877
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DENDAT27571D Active DE27571C (en) | Process for the preparation of aluminum from fluoroaluminum by means of the sodium vapors produced by the annealing of sodium and calcium carbonate with charcoal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE27571C (en) |
-
0
- DE DENDAT27571D patent/DE27571C/en active Active
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