DE2738610A1 - Catalytic solid bed reactor - with one coaxial zone filled with catalyst and the other with inactive material - Google Patents
Catalytic solid bed reactor - with one coaxial zone filled with catalyst and the other with inactive materialInfo
- Publication number
- DE2738610A1 DE2738610A1 DE19772738610 DE2738610A DE2738610A1 DE 2738610 A1 DE2738610 A1 DE 2738610A1 DE 19772738610 DE19772738610 DE 19772738610 DE 2738610 A DE2738610 A DE 2738610A DE 2738610 A1 DE2738610 A1 DE 2738610A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- reactor
- bed reactor
- filled
- fixed bed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Beschreibung description
zu der Patentanmeldung betreffend Katalytischer Festbettreaktor. to the patent application relating to the catalytic fixed bed reactor.
Die Erfindung betrifft einen katalytischen Festbettreaktor zur Durchführung exothermer und endothermer chemischer Reaktionen. Solche Reaktoren lassen sich auf Reaktionen in der Gas-Gasphase, der Gas-Flüssigphase und der Flüssig-Flüssigphase anwenden. Festbettreaktoren sind entweder völlig oder in übereinandergelegten Schichten über den ganzen Radius mit einem Katalysator gefüllt. Besonders bei gekühlten Reaktorkonstruktionen sind zwischen dem heißen Inneren des Reaktors und der gekühlten Wand erhebliche Temperaturunterschiede vorhanden, die sich als radiales Temperaturprofil in der Weise bemerkbar machen, daß der Katalysator in den kühleren Randzonen an der chemischen Reaktion der niedrigen Temperatur entsprechend kaum beteiligt und daher umsatzmäßig ungenügend ausgenutzt ist. The invention relates to a catalytic fixed bed reactor for implementation exothermic and endothermic chemical reactions. Such reactors can be opened Reactions in the gas-gas phase, the gas-liquid phase and the liquid-liquid phase use. Fixed bed reactors are either total or in superimposed layers Filled with a catalyst over the entire radius. Especially with cooled reactor designs are significant between the hot interior of the reactor and the cooled wall Temperature differences exist, which can be seen as a radial temperature profile in the Way noticeable that the catalyst in the cooler edge zones at the chemical Reaction of the low temperature hardly involved and therefore in terms of sales is insufficiently used.
Um das zu veranschaulichen, sind in Abb. 1 die aus Versuchen ermittelten axialen Temperaturprofile der exothermen Reaktion von Äthan und Sauerstoff in einem auf 590 Kelvin gekühlten Rohrreaktor mit einem Durchmesser von 5 cm aufgezeichnet. Die Kurven 2,3 und 4 sind die Temperaturprofile bei einem Radius von 13t20 und 24 mm. Kurve 5 ist die Wandtemperatur des gekühlten Reaktors. Den Temperaturen entsprechend sind auch die Umsätze über den Radius des Reaktors abnehmend verteilt. To illustrate this, Fig. 1 shows those determined from experiments axial temperature profiles of the exothermic reaction of ethane and oxygen in one recorded to 590 Kelvin cooled tubular reactor with a diameter of 5 cm. Curves 2, 3 and 4 are the temperature profiles at a radius of 13t20 and 24 mm. Curve 5 is the wall temperature of the cooled reactor. According to the temperatures the sales are also decreasing distributed over the radius of the reactor.
Der in den kälteren Randzonen liegende Katalysator trägt somit nur in sehr geringem Umfang zum Umsatz bei.The catalyst located in the colder edge zones therefore only carries contributes to sales to a very small extent.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, den ungenügend ausgenutzten Teil des Katalysators einzusparen und dabei am Ende der Reaktionazone denselben Umsatz zu erzielen, den man bei einem vollkatalytiachen Reaktor erhalten würde. The object of the invention is to reduce the underutilized part of the Save catalyst and at the end of the reaction zone to the same conversion achieve that would be obtained in a fully catalytic reactor.
Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß in radialer Richtung nur die wärmere Zone des Reaktors mit Katalysator und die kältere Zone mit Inertmaterial gefüllt ist. Zur Unterscheidung soll der vollständig mit Katalysator gefüllte Reaktor als vollkatalytischer Reaktor und der Reaktor gemäß der Erfindung als teilkatalytischer Reaktor bezeichnet werden. This is achieved in that only the warmer one in the radial direction Zone of the reactor filled with catalyst and the colder zone with inert material is. To distinguish, the reactor, which is completely filled with catalyst, should be used as fully catalytic reactor and the reactor according to the invention as a partially catalytic reactor Reactor.
Abb. 2 und 3 zeigen zwei mögliche Ausfühzungen von teilkatalytischen Festbettreaktoren, von denen der nach Abb. 2 an der Außenwand gekühlt und der nach Abb. 3 an der Außenwand beheizt wird. Bei dem wandgekUhlten Reaktor ist die innen liegende wärmere Zone 6 mit dem Katalysator und die außen liegende kältere Zone 7 mit einem katalytiach inaktivem Material gefüllt. Bei dem wandbeheizten Reaktor ist umgekehrt die wärmere Außenzone 6 mit Katalysator und kältere Innenzone 7 mit Inertmaterial gefüllt. Laborversuche haben gezeigt, daß bei genügender Reaktorlänge mit dem teilkatalytischen Reaktortyp am Ausgang des Reaktors unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen derselbe Umsatz erzielt wird wie mit einem vollkatalytischen Reaktor. Bei diesen Versuchen wurde fast die Hälfte an Katalysator eingespart. Diese überraschende Tatsache ist damit zu erklären, daß die in dem Reaktor vorhandenen radialen Konzentrationsunterschiede der durchströmenden Medien durch Diffusion und andere Austauschprozesse mit zunehmender Durchströmungslänge ausgeglichen werden. Das reaktionsfähige Gasgemisch mA + mB gelangt während des Durchströmens aus der katalytisch inaktiven Zone 7 (Bild 2) in die aktive Katalysatorzone 6 (Bild 2), während das Endprodukt mC von Zone 6 nach Zone 7 ausgetauscht wird. Die inaktive Zone 7 gibt somit das zunächst gespeicherte reaktionsfähige Gasgemisch mA + m B mit zunehmender Reaktorlänge an die Katalysatorzone ab und nimmt von dieser in gleichem Maße das Endprodukt mC auf. In einem adiabatenzgekühiten oder von außen beheizten Reaktor wirkt die inaktive Randzone im Reaktor als Speicher-und Austauschzone für das noch reaktionsfähige Gas und für das Endprodukt. Fig. 2 and 3 show two possible versions of partially catalytic Fixed bed reactors, of which the one according to Fig. 2 is cooled on the outer wall and the one after Fig. 3 is heated on the outer wall. The wall-cooled reactor is inside lying warmer zone 6 with the catalyst and the outer lying colder zone 7 filled with a catalytically inactive material. With the wall-heated reactor conversely, the warmer outer zone 6 with catalyst and colder inner zone 7 with Inert material filled. Laboratory tests have shown that with sufficient reactor length with the partially catalytic reactor type at the outlet of the reactor under otherwise same Conditions the same conversion is achieved as with a fully catalytic reactor. In these experiments, almost half of the catalyst was saved. This surprising This fact can be explained by the fact that the radial concentration differences present in the reactor of the flowing media through diffusion and other exchange processes with increasing Flow length are compensated. The reactive gas mixture mA + mB gets out of the catalytically inactive zone 7 during the flow (Fig. 2) into the active catalyst zone 6 (Fig. 2), while the end product mC from zone 6 to Zone 7 is exchanged. The inactive zone 7 thus gives the initially saved reactive gas mixture mA + m B with increasing reactor length to the catalyst zone and absorbs the end product mC from this to the same extent. In an adiabatence-cooled or the reactor heated from the outside, the inactive edge zone in the reactor acts as a storage tank and Exchange zone for the still reactive gas and for the end product.
Damit das reaktionsfähige Gasgemisch noch schneller in die Katalysatorzone gelangt, können in die inaktive Zone Leit- oder Umlenkbleche eingebaut werden. So that the reactive gas mixture enters the catalyst zone even faster baffles or baffles can be installed in the inactive zone.
Die Trennung der Katalysatorfüllung von der Inertfüllung kann durch unterschiedlichen Korndurchmesser zwischen beiden oder durch den Einbau eines Netzes zwischen der Hatalyeator- und der Inertschicht erleichtert werden. The catalyst filling can be separated from the inert filling different grain diameters between the two or by installing a net between the hatalyeator and the inert layer can be facilitated.
Der technische Fortschritt der Erfindung besteht darin, daß durch Einsparung von sehr teuerem Katalysator bei wandgekühiten, adisbatischen oder beheizten Festbettreaktoren der eingesetzte Katalysator besser und gleichmäßiger beansprucht wird und dadurch eine erhebliche Koateneinsparung möglich ist. The technical progress of the invention is that by Saving of very expensive catalyst with wall-cooled, adisbatic or heated Fixed bed reactors, the catalyst used is better and more evenly stressed and thereby a considerable saving in Koaten is possible.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19772738610 DE2738610C2 (en) | 1977-08-26 | 1977-08-26 | Partially catalytic fixed bed reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19772738610 DE2738610C2 (en) | 1977-08-26 | 1977-08-26 | Partially catalytic fixed bed reactor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2738610A1 true DE2738610A1 (en) | 1979-03-01 |
DE2738610C2 DE2738610C2 (en) | 1983-01-05 |
Family
ID=6017424
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19772738610 Expired DE2738610C2 (en) | 1977-08-26 | 1977-08-26 | Partially catalytic fixed bed reactor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2738610C2 (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3050375A (en) * | 1960-07-22 | 1962-08-21 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Moving bed catalytic converter |
US3051561A (en) * | 1959-05-14 | 1962-08-28 | Standard Oil Co | Radial flow reactor |
US3090667A (en) * | 1958-03-03 | 1963-05-21 | Shell Oil Co | Granular bed contactor with extended surface and method of making and using same |
US3127247A (en) * | 1964-03-31 | Alternate annular isothermal reactor | ||
US3489529A (en) * | 1967-01-31 | 1970-01-13 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Reactor with floating fluid distributor means |
US3498755A (en) * | 1966-05-26 | 1970-03-03 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Means for effecting a multiple stage contact of a reactant stream |
US3595626A (en) * | 1968-11-14 | 1971-07-27 | Du Pont | Ceramic fillers and covers for packed beds |
-
1977
- 1977-08-26 DE DE19772738610 patent/DE2738610C2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3127247A (en) * | 1964-03-31 | Alternate annular isothermal reactor | ||
US3090667A (en) * | 1958-03-03 | 1963-05-21 | Shell Oil Co | Granular bed contactor with extended surface and method of making and using same |
US3051561A (en) * | 1959-05-14 | 1962-08-28 | Standard Oil Co | Radial flow reactor |
US3050375A (en) * | 1960-07-22 | 1962-08-21 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Moving bed catalytic converter |
US3498755A (en) * | 1966-05-26 | 1970-03-03 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Means for effecting a multiple stage contact of a reactant stream |
US3489529A (en) * | 1967-01-31 | 1970-01-13 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Reactor with floating fluid distributor means |
US3595626A (en) * | 1968-11-14 | 1971-07-27 | Du Pont | Ceramic fillers and covers for packed beds |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2738610C2 (en) | 1983-01-05 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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OAP | Request for examination filed | ||
OD | Request for examination | ||
D2 | Grant after examination | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |