DE2737430C2 - Polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer - Google Patents

Polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer

Info

Publication number
DE2737430C2
DE2737430C2 DE2737430A DE2737430A DE2737430C2 DE 2737430 C2 DE2737430 C2 DE 2737430C2 DE 2737430 A DE2737430 A DE 2737430A DE 2737430 A DE2737430 A DE 2737430A DE 2737430 C2 DE2737430 C2 DE 2737430C2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
insulation
voltage stabilizer
polyolefin insulation
polyolefin
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE2737430A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE2737430A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Dr.Phil. 3500 Kassel Saure
Johann Dipl.-Chem. 3501 Vellmar Wartusch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kabel Rheydt AG
Original Assignee
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority to DE2737430A priority Critical patent/DE2737430C2/en
Priority to DE2805875A priority patent/DE2805875C2/en
Publication of DE2737430A1 publication Critical patent/DE2737430A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2737430C2 publication Critical patent/DE2737430C2/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/2813—Protection against damage caused by electrical, chemical or water tree deterioration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/36—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K5/541—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen
    • C08K5/5415—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one Si—O bond
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/002—Inhomogeneous material in general
    • H01B3/004—Inhomogeneous material in general with conductive additives or conductive layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/46—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes silicones

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Description

χ =0 bis 4 ist, χ = 0 to 4,

R einen gesättigten aliphatischen, aromatischen oder cycloaliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest darstellt, der gegebenenfalls noch durch Amino-, Epoxigruppen oder andere substituiert sein kann, undR is a saturated aliphatic, aromatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical represents, which may optionally be substituted by amino, epoxy groups or others can, and

Ri aus Alkpxigruppen, vorzugsweise Methoxigruppen, bestehen kann.Ri can consist of alkoxy groups, preferably methoxy groups.

2. Polyolefinisolierung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung von vernetzten Polyolefinen, insbesondere vernetzten! Polyäthylen.2. polyolefin insulation according to claim 1, characterized through the use of crosslinked polyolefins, especially crosslinked! Polyethylene.

3. Polyolefinisolierung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polyolefine in heißem Wasserdampf vernetzt worden sind.3. polyolefin insulation according to claim 2, characterized in that the polyolefins in hot Water vapor have been crosslinked.

4. Polyolefinisolierung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als rußenthaltende, leitfähige Schicht ausgebildet ist und die Grenzschicht einer Kabelisolierung bildet.4. Polyolefin insulation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is used as soot-containing, conductive layer is formed and forms the boundary layer of a cable insulation.

Polyolefinisolierungen unterliegen der Gefahr der Ausbildung sogenannter Treeing-Phänomene, d. h. bei Spannungsbeanspruchung zeigen sie mikroskopisch sichtbare, bäumchenartige bzw. büschelartige Zersetzungserscheinungen in der Isolierung. Neben den Bäumchen, in denen elektrische Entladungen stattfinden (electrical treeing), sind auch sogenannte »water trees« beobachtet worden. Sie entstehen vermutlich, wenn an irgendwelchen Fehlstellen höhere Feldstärken auftreten und dort Wasser konzentriert wird.Polyolefin insulation is subject to the risk of Formation of so-called treeing phenomena, d. H. when stressed, they show microscopically visible, tree-like or tuft-like decomposition phenomena in isolation. Next to the little trees in which electrical discharges take place (electrical treeing), so-called »water trees« have also been observed. They probably arise when on any imperfections, higher field strengths occur and water is concentrated there.

Aus der US-PS 39 36 572 ist es bekannt. Polysiloxane als Spannungsstabilisatoren in Polyolefinisolierungen zu verwenden, um die Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Ionisierung zu verbessern.From US-PS 39 36 572 it is known. Polysiloxanes To be used as voltage stabilizers in polyolefin insulation to increase the resistance to ionization to improve.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, in einer Polyolefinisolierung, die unter Hochspannungseinwirkung steht, die sogenannten Water-Trees zu verhindern.The invention is based on the object in a polyolefin insulation that is exposed to high voltage stands to prevent the so-called water trees.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die in Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous further developments can be found in the subclaims.

s Die erfindungsgemäßen Stabilisatorzusätze vermögen mit Wasser zu reagieren und das Auftreten der sogenannten Water-Trees offenbar zu verhindern.s The stabilizer additives according to the invention are able to react with water and the occurrence of the apparently to prevent so-called water trees.

Als Stabilisatorzusätze können z.B. Alkoxysilane Anwendung finden, wie Tetramethoxisilan, Äthyltrimethoxisilan, Phenyltrimethoxisilan, /}-{3,4-Epoxi-cyclohexyl)-äthyltrimethoxisilan oder y-Aminopropyl-triäthoxisilan. Als Stabilisatorzusätze haben sich Mengen von 0,1 bis 3%, vorzugsweise von 0,5 bis 2%, als geeignet erwiesen.Alkoxysilanes, for example, can be used as stabilizer additives Find application, such as tetramethoxisilane, ethyltrimethoxisilane, Phenyltrimethoxysilane, /} - {3,4-Epoxi-cyclohexyl) -äthyltrimethoxisilan or γ-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane. As stabilizer additives, amounts of 0.1 to 3%, preferably from 0.5 to 2%, have been found to be suitable.

is Es ist bereits bekannt, als Stabilisatorzusätze anorganische Salze, wie z. B. NaCl oder NaiSO«, zu verwenden (DE-OS 25 37 283). Diese haben jedoch den Nachteil, nur schwierig in dem Dielektrikum homogin verteilt werden zu können und eine geringe Verträglichkeit mit dem Dielektrikum aufzuweisen. Die erfindungsgemäßen Zusätze sind dagegen in Polyolefinisoliermassen leicht einzumischen und zeigen eine gute Verträglichkeit in der Isolierung, zumal sie meistens als Flüssigkeiten vorliegen. Im Falle des Einsatzes in einer Isolierung aus VPE sind sie darüber hinaus mit den in diesen Isolierungen anwesenden Vernetzerspaltprodukten mischbar, womit die Verteilung von Stabilisatoranteilen in der Isolierung noch verbessert werden kann. Außerdem wird bei VPE die chemische Vernetzung durch den Stabilisatorzusatz nicht beeinträchtigtIt is already known that inorganic stabilizers are used Salts such as B. NaCl or NaiSO «to use (DE-OS 25 37 283). However, these have the disadvantage that they are difficult to distribute homogeneously in the dielectric to be able to and have a low compatibility with the dielectric. The invention Additives, on the other hand, are easy to mix into polyolefin insulating compounds and are well tolerated by the insulation, especially since they are mostly in the form of liquids. In the case of use in insulation They are also VPE with the crosslinking cleavage products present in these insulations miscible, which means that the distribution of stabilizer components in the insulation can be improved even further. In addition, the chemical crosslinking of VPE is not impaired by the addition of stabilizers

Wenn die Vernetzung des Polyäthylens unter der Einwirkung von heißem Wasserdampf erfolgt, gelangt ein geringer Anteil des Wasserdampfs in die Isolierung. Davon ausgehend können bei späterer Spannungsbeanspruchung Water-Trees in der Mitte der Isolierung entstehen. Durch die Reaktion des erfindungsgemäßen Zusatzes mit dem Wasser kann die Entstehung von Water-Trees weitgehend eliminiert werden.If the polyethylene is crosslinked under the action of hot water vapor, it gets a small proportion of the water vapor in the insulation. Based on this, later stress loads Water trees emerge in the middle of the insulation. By the reaction of the invention In addition to the water, the formation of water trees can be largely eliminated.

Die Stabilisatoren können sowohl der Isoliermi-The stabilizers can be both the insulating

schung als auch den angrenzenden leitfähigen Schichten zugesetzt werden. Im letzten Fall kann so das Eindiffundieren von Wasser in die Isolierung weitgehend verhindert werden.
Neben Isolierungen aus vernetzten Polyolefinen, insbesondere vernetztem Polyäthylen, können die Stabilisatorzusätze auch in Isolierungen aus nicht vernetzten Polyolefinen Anwendung finden. Die Reaktivität der Stabilisatorzusätze kann durch Mitverwendung von Katalysatoren gesteigert werden. Dafür kannSchung as well as the adjacent conductive layers can be added. In the latter case, water can largely be prevented from diffusing into the insulation.
In addition to insulation made from crosslinked polyolefins, in particular crosslinked polyethylene, the stabilizer additives can also be used in insulation made from non-crosslinked polyolefins. The reactivity of the stabilizer additives can be increased by using catalysts. For that can

so z. B. Dibutylzinndilaurat in Frage kommen.so z. B. dibutyltin dilaurate come into question.

Claims (1)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: 1. Polyolefinisolierung mit einem Spannungsstabilisator, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spannungsstabilisator aus Alkoxisilanen der allgemeinen Formel besteht:1. polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer, characterized in that the voltage stabilizer is made from alkoxysilanes of the general Formula consists of: Rx-Si (O-R,)*-,,
wobeiR x -Si (OR,) * - ,,
whereby
DE2737430A 1977-08-19 1977-08-19 Polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer Expired DE2737430C2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2737430A DE2737430C2 (en) 1977-08-19 1977-08-19 Polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer
DE2805875A DE2805875C2 (en) 1977-08-19 1978-02-11 Polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer as the boundary layer of cable insulation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2737430A DE2737430C2 (en) 1977-08-19 1977-08-19 Polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer
DE2805875A DE2805875C2 (en) 1977-08-19 1978-02-11 Polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer as the boundary layer of cable insulation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2737430A1 DE2737430A1 (en) 1979-02-22
DE2737430C2 true DE2737430C2 (en) 1983-03-17

Family

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DE2737430A Expired DE2737430C2 (en) 1977-08-19 1977-08-19 Polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer
DE2805875A Expired DE2805875C2 (en) 1977-08-19 1978-02-11 Polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer as the boundary layer of cable insulation

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE2805875A Expired DE2805875C2 (en) 1977-08-19 1978-02-11 Polyolefin insulation with a voltage stabilizer as the boundary layer of cable insulation

Country Status (1)

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DE (2) DE2737430C2 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4400429A (en) 1980-12-22 1983-08-23 National Distillers And Chemical Corporation Tree retardant additive composition for polymeric insulation
DE3344759A1 (en) * 1983-12-10 1985-06-20 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Stabilised polyolefin-based insulation material
DE3418792A1 (en) * 1984-05-19 1985-11-21 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Polyolefin insulation resistant to treeing
EP2107951A1 (en) * 2007-01-12 2009-10-14 Utilx Corporation Composition and method for restoring an electrical cable and inhibiting corrosion in the aluminum conductor core

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4299713A (en) * 1979-07-19 1981-11-10 National Distillers And Chemical Corp. Electrical tree and water tree resistant polymer compositions
CA1161589A (en) * 1979-07-19 1984-01-31 Melvin F. Maringer Electrical tree and water tree resistant polymer compositions
AT374298B (en) * 1979-07-26 1984-04-10 Union Carbide Corp INSULATION MIXTURE, ESPECIALLY AS ISOLATION OF ELECTRIC WIRE OR CABLE
US4263158A (en) * 1979-07-26 1981-04-21 Union Carbide Corporation Dielectric compositions stabilized against water treeing with organo silane compounds containing the azomethine group and partial condensation products
DE2935224A1 (en) * 1979-08-31 1981-03-19 Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover WATERPROOF HIGH VOLTAGE INSULATION FOR ELECTRIC CABLES
EP0038718B1 (en) * 1980-04-21 1986-08-27 RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a California corporation) Conductive polymer compositions containing fillers
IT1154815B (en) * 1980-06-30 1987-01-21 Pirelli PERFECTED AERIAL LINE CONDUCTOR
US4376180A (en) 1981-09-30 1983-03-08 Union Carbide Corporation Ethylene polymers stabilized against water-treeing by N-phenyl substituted amino silanes; and the use of these compositions as insulation about electrical conductors
DE3233324A1 (en) * 1982-09-08 1984-03-08 kabelmetal electro GmbH, 3000 Hannover Plastic-insulated electrical medium- or high-voltage cable
EP0114495A3 (en) * 1982-12-27 1984-10-17 Dow Corning Corporation Anti-treeing additives
DE3318988A1 (en) 1983-05-25 1984-11-29 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München ELECTRICAL INSULATION
DE3321268A1 (en) * 1983-06-13 1984-12-13 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München ELECTRICAL INSULATION
US4499013A (en) * 1983-08-17 1985-02-12 National Distillers And Chemical Corporation Electrical tree and water tree resistant compounds and polymer compositions containing the same
US4548865A (en) * 1984-02-01 1985-10-22 National Distillers And Chemical Corpooration Silanes useful as anti-treeing additives
US4514536A (en) * 1984-02-01 1985-04-30 National Distillers And Chemical Corporation Silanes useful as anti-treeing additives
IT1186155B (en) * 1985-12-20 1987-11-18 Pirelli Cavi Spa ELECTRIC CABLES AND MATERIAL FOR FORMING COATINGS OF ELECTRIC CABLE CONDUCTORS
US4840983A (en) * 1986-05-23 1989-06-20 Dow Corning Corporation Anti-treeing additives
EP0256340B1 (en) * 1986-08-04 1990-06-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electrical insulation
DE3628554A1 (en) * 1986-08-22 1988-03-03 Licentia Gmbh PLASTIC INSULATION
US4766011A (en) * 1986-12-29 1988-08-23 Dow Corning Corporation Restoring stranded conductor electrical distribution cable
DE3702209A1 (en) * 1987-01-26 1988-08-04 Licentia Gmbh PLASTIC INSULATION AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION
GB9113584D0 (en) * 1991-06-24 1991-08-14 Bp Chem Int Ltd Stabilised polymer composition and use
EP2527396A3 (en) 2007-08-06 2013-03-27 General Cable Technologies Corporation Tree resistant insulation compositions

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1294986A (en) * 1970-01-05 1972-11-01
GB1477764A (en) * 1975-08-20 1977-06-29 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Power cable

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4400429A (en) 1980-12-22 1983-08-23 National Distillers And Chemical Corporation Tree retardant additive composition for polymeric insulation
DE3344759A1 (en) * 1983-12-10 1985-06-20 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Stabilised polyolefin-based insulation material
DE3418792A1 (en) * 1984-05-19 1985-11-21 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Polyolefin insulation resistant to treeing
EP2107951A1 (en) * 2007-01-12 2009-10-14 Utilx Corporation Composition and method for restoring an electrical cable and inhibiting corrosion in the aluminum conductor core
EP2107951A4 (en) * 2007-01-12 2011-06-08 Utilx Corp Composition and method for restoring an electrical cable and inhibiting corrosion in the aluminum conductor core

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2805875C2 (en) 1983-05-26
DE2737430A1 (en) 1979-02-22
DE2805875A1 (en) 1979-08-16

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