DE2734360A1 - Quick set cement with good elastoplastic properties - contains bitumen or coal tar in dissolved or emulsion form - Google Patents

Abstract

Quick set concrete or mortar is based on (a) a modified Portland cement (CaO)11.(Al2O3)7.CaF2(+C11A7CaF7); an alumina melt cement; Brunauer cement; roman cement (roman lime); Grenoble cement or Portland cement, esp. a gypsum-free Portland cement; (b) chemical quick setting additives; (c) bitumen and/or coal tar in dissolved and/or emulsion form and/or in the milled state and (d) opt. >=1 plastics material in powdered, dissolved or dispersed form (esp. an aq. dispersion). The prods. have rapid setting characteristics and the hardened materials have good elastoplastic properties, similar to those of poured asphalt. The addn. of bitumen or coal tar to the fresh concrete overcomes problems of poor initial strength and reduced mechanical properties encountered when adding plastics materials to cement mixes. Depending on the combination of materials used, the prods. can be used e.g. for road and bridge laying, car parks, garage entrances, sports ground laying and internal flooring.

Description

Binder or concrete and process

for its manufacture It is known that the Concrete production in the last few decades the addition of plastics again and again attempted and found application. Such additives, however, led to one Reduction of the initial strength and deterioration of the mechanical properties of the concrete, when the plastics are added to the fresh concrete and not just as post-treatment of the already hardened concrete were used. These shortcomings could also be caused by the last known inventions and practice ranks are not eliminated. In particular the slow hardening of normal concrete containing plastic is disadvantageous on their applicability.

Surprisingly, it was found that binders on Based on bitumen and / or coal tar in dissolved, emulsion or ground Form in combination with rapidly hardening cements or their components, e.g. with modified Portland cements based on (CaO) 11. (Al2O3) 7.CaF2 high-alumina cement, Brunauer cement, Roman cement (Romankalk), Grenoble cement or Portland cement, in particular gypsum-free portland cement with chemical additives for rapid hardening and gypsum-free Portlandsement does not have these defects. In addition, it was found that Additions of plastics in addition to bitumen and / or coal tar are pronounced result in versatile binders.

The subject matter of the invention is therefore a binding agent or concrete based on cement and possibly plastic, which is characterized in that it is a rapidly setting cement or its components, preferably a modified Portland cement based on (CaO) 11. (Al2O3 ) 7.CaF2 (= C11A7CaF2), an alumina cement, a Romanzemen 7Romankalk) a Brnnauer cement, / a Grenoble cement, a Portland cement, in particular a gypsum-free Portland cement with setting regulation for chemical additives or a gypsum-free Portland cement in combination with bitumen and / or coal tar in dissolved andXor emulsion form and / or in ground state and optionally additionally at least one plastic in powdery and / or dissolved and / or in dispersed, especially water-dispersed form, in particular for the production of quick-setting mortar or concrete which, after its preparation, can preferably be used quickly, in particular can be driven over or walked on, and / or has an in particular elastoplastic behavior, similar to cast asphalt, corresponding to the respective requirements.

The binder mixtures according to the invention described above not only show excellent early strength but also enable preparation of concretes, which the properties of cast asphalt, in particular with regard to far exceed the variability, but the Deficiencies in these Cast asphalts do not occur.

In addition, they have the enormous advantage of being made from them Coverings can be carried out cold. It is of course also an application when warm, this is not excluded.

Coverings produced from the binder mixtures according to the invention furthermore have the advantage that they are capable of elastoplastic behavior to show. Accordingly, the new binder mixtures are, for example, for regeneration Elastoplastic coverings, such as asphalt pavements, are excellently suited. Both Coverings produced from the binders according to the invention are elastic Deformability guaranteed at the same time high stability, and it can for example by simply bypassing the brittleness of the durability of such coverings previously known and customary are significantly improved.

In addition, the binders according to the invention and In particular, the concretes made from them have excellent adhesive strength on various substrates such as concrete and bituminous substrates, so that they are ideal for all types of renovation work. In addition, there is that In addition to the favorable behavior of the finished flooring, it is also extremely quick to use after its production is given. The coverings made from the new binder are great for toppings Roads, bridges, parking lots, They are used in driveways, on sports fields, but also for screeds very promising.

As areas of application of the binder according to the invention or the one with it manufactured concrete. civil engineering and building construction are to be emphasized where they are as was shown by high chemical resistance to attacks from aggressive Watering and solutions but also against mineral oils and their derivatives and aggressive gaseous substances such as SO2 or like

distinguish.

In addition, they are resistant to abrasion and mechanical loads extremely resistant.

Another very important advantage of the binders according to the invention can be seen in the fact that they do have the favorable properties of cast asphalt can show these cast asphalts in terms of temperature resistance are far superior.

The binders or the concretes made from them create a The gap closed, for example, in the road sector on the regeneration of concrete previously roadways / was still available.

Those produced using the binders according to the invention Concretes have the particular advantage that they are already 2 hours after they have been prepared and application can be walked on and driven over. When using commercially available Cements different grades for binders otherwise composed according to the invention such properties can often only be achieved after a period of 2 to 4 weeks can be achieved.

With regard to their temperature behavior, the binders according to the invention are or the concretes made from it are less thermoplastic than poured asphalt and also much less sensitive than the asphalt pavements made from a single grain scaffold, the later by slurrying in or brushing in cement and plastic dispersions be solidified.

By choosing the proportion of bitumen and / or coal tar in the binder can in each case very specifically desired elastoplastic properties from it prepared concretes can be set.

So it has proven to be beneficial to use bitumen and coal tar in dissolved and / or emulsion form and / or in the ground state in an amount from 1 to 30% by weight, in particular from 10 to 35% by weight, based on the total Amount of binding agent are included.

In particular with regard to the adhesive strength and anchoring of the Concretes prepared from the binders according to the invention on the respective substrates a binder has proven to be beneficial in which the additionally contained Plastic, a polyvinyl acetate and / or propionate and / or a polyacrylate and or Is styrene-butadiene or their respective copolymers and / or a melamine resin and preferably in an amount of 2 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 30 wt .-% in particular from 3 to 10% by weight in each case based on the total amount of binder, is present.

If the plastic it contains is polyvinyl acrylate, the quantities are in the range in each case preferably in the range from 2 to 30% by weight, preferably 2-15% by weight * and especially 4-6 Gev. each based on the total amount of binder.

If the plastic contained is polyvinyl acetate, the individual ones are Quantities advantageously in the range from 2 to 35% by weight, preferably from 3 to 10% by weight and in particular 3.5-5.5% by weight, based in each case on the total amount of binder, The Properties of the binders according to the invention or of the concretes prepared therefrom can be made up of chemical additives of a nature known per se, which however have never before been used in the combination according to the invention, nor improve.

So it has proven itself when in the binder next to the coal tar and / or bitumen and possibly the plastic regulating the properties of the concrete It contains additives, preferably a) substances that reduce the amount of mixing water, especially with the same workability of the mortar and concrete mix, for example Cation actives, anion-based or non-ionic wetting agents or sulphite waste liquors and / or b) changing the setting speed and / or the hardening of the mixture Substances such as gluconates, phosphates, citrates, alkali carbonates, silicon fluorides, Aluminates, alkali or alkaline earth halides and / or c) introducing micro air pores Substances such as natural Vinsol resins or synthetic pore formers, for example synthetic soaps or carboxylates.

By changing the amounts of these additives added, can be fine-tuned specifically and precisely tailored to the respective purpose the properties of concretes prepared from the binding agent or those made with it Toppings are made.

Gluconate in is preferred as additive b) in the binding agent or concrete an amount of 0.02 to 1 wt .-%, in particular 0.04 wt .-, each based on the total amount of binder.

Another beneficial additive is soda in an amount of 0.2 up to 2.3% by weight, in particular 0.3-0.5% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of binder.

The binders can be produced in a cold way by mixing the ground products, i.e. the hydraulic binder (cement), the plastics, the cold-milled bitumen and the chemical additives, or by mixing the hydraulic binder, the bitumen emulsion, the plastic dispersion as a powder or aqueous solution and the chemical additives, further by grinding together in a grinding unit (mill, pan mill or the like), also by adding the bitumen emulsion or coal tar to the remaining components of the binder.

The concretes are generally made using one as above described prepared binder and conventional additives or by the Addition of the individual components made in the mixer.

Preferred is a method for producing the one as described above Binder or concrete, which is characterized in that bitumen and / or coal tar in the painted state with the cement, optionally together with a plastic dispersion and optionally with the addition of one or more of the above-mentioned properties of the concrete regulating, additives can be mixed until homogenization.

Veiters is advantageous such a method in which the binder components Bitumen and / or coal tar, cement and possibly plastics and additives, be ground together in a grinding unit.

The temperature of the grist should not exceed 30 ° C.

Another possibility is that cold milled Bitumen and / or coal tar and / or bitumen and / or coal tar emulsion the rest of cement and possibly plastic and additives Bizdemittel components is added.

Sometimes it is favorable that bitumen and / or coal tar and Plastic after previous joint grinding or processing the remaining Components of the binder are added.

There is also the possibility that at least one component from the group of bitumen and / or coal tar and plastic in liquid (emulsion) form and / or solid form the remaining components of the binding = 5ttels directly during the production or mixing of the concrete: is; According to another At least two components from the group of bitumen and coal tar, Plastics and additives in liquid (emulsion) and / or solid form remaining constituents of the binder directly during manufacture or during mixing of the concrete are added.

In summary, it should be pointed out that the invention Binders and the concretes made from them have the advantage that as a result the intimate mixture of the above components promoted the formation of bridges is, making both the elastoplastic as well as the mechanical Properties come into play.

The following table shows the properties of concretes prepared from cementing agents according to the invention, which have been tested in tests Exposure. Table: combination mixes Test result: Water surcharges / grading curve volume weight kg / m3h elastoplastic behavior kg / m3 according to ÖNorm B 3304 fresh room weight. 2 Test according to ÖNorm B 36 CK / mm kg / m3 B 3638 310 4 840 1780 1765 51 278 2 685 1460 1450 60 288 2 772 1520 1495 46 302 4 878 1752 1734 41 235 8 1200 1812 1800 32 250 4 771 1520 1518 56 180 8 1565 2113 2100 30 182 12 1620 2120 2107 18 310 4 840 1780 1765 no hardening 73ch 2 @ after 28 days 48 176 12 1627 2083 2070 9 Ver Hydraul. Steinkonlenteer x) or plastic dispersant chemical such as binding agent bitumen emulsion kg / m3 sion as powder additives No. kg / m3 50% solids content type kg / m3 type kg / m 1 420 210 - Sulphite from 0.4 lye 2 220 250 x) polyacrylate 27 -. - 3 245 215 - - - 4 335 235 - - Soda 2 5 250 115 styrene butadiene 12 - - 6 249 250 x) - - - 7 265 80 polyvinyl propylene 20 potash 3 8 258 60 - - - 9 420 210 - Sulphite from 0.4 lye 10 238 30 xx) polyvinyl acetate 12 - - xx) Bitumen ground in the frozen state Example no. l: Modif Portl. @@@ based on C11A7CaF2 "" 2: """" 3: """" 4: """" 5: Roman cement "" 6: Brunauer cement """""7: Grenoble cement" 8: Alumina cement "9: PZ 375 according to ÖNORM B 3310" 10: Mod.Portl.Z. based on C11A7CaF2 ÖNorm B 3638: ball indentation test of cast asphalts Test time: 2 hours after mixing at 50 ° C in a water bath. can be varied in any desired way and values from 9-18 (corresponding to an almost hard surface, e.g. for garage entrances), from 18-30 (corresponding to an already elastoplastic behavior, e.g. for P £ W parking spaces), from 30 - 42 (corresponding to a mastic asphalt, such as for road and bridge surfaces) and finally by more than 42 (corresponding to a linolasphalt for interiors and for sports fields). Of course, coverings with values below 9 can also be obtained.

By changing the quantity of the components, deposits can be created whose properties range from brittle to plastic, plasto-elastic and elastoplastic until elastic (resilient).

Claims (1)

Claims: Binder or concrete based on cement and possibly. Plastic, characterized in that it hardens quickly Cement or its components, preferably a modified Portland cement based on (CaO) 11. (Al2O3) 7. CaF2 (= C11A7CaF2), an alumina cement, a Roman cement (Ramankalk), a Brunauer cement, / a Grenoble cement, a Portland cement, in particular a gypsum-free Portland cement with chemical additives for quick hardening or a gypsum-free Portland cement in combination with bitumen and / or coal tar in dissolved and / or emulsion form and / or in the ground state and 'optionally additionally at least one 'plastic in powder form and / or dissolved and / or i @ dispersed, in particular water-dispersed form, contains, in particular for production of quick-setting mortar or concrete, which after its preparation preferably can be used quickly, in particular can be driven over or walked on, and / or one corresponding to the respective requirements, in particular an elastoplastic one Behavior similar to poured asphalt has. 2. Binder according to claim 1, characterized in that bitumen and / or coal tar in dissolved and / or emulsion form and / or in ground Condition related to a length of 1 to 50% by weight, in particular 10 to 35% by weight on the total amount of binder. 3. Binder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additionally contained plastic is a polyvinyl acetate and / or propionate and / or a polyacrylate and / or styrene-butadiene or their respective copolymers and / or is a melamine resin and is preferably in an amount of 2 to 50% by weight, preferably 2 to 30% by weight, in particular from 3 to 10% by weight, each based on the total amount of binder, is present. 4. Binder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is characterized that / additionally contained plastic is a polyacrylate and preferably in one Amount from 2 to 30% by weight, preferably 2-15% by weight and in particular 4-6% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of binding agent. 3. Binder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additionally contained plastic is a polyvinyl acetate and preferably in an amount of 2 to 35% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight and in particular 3.5-5.5% by weight, each based on the total amount of binder. 6. Binder according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that it is in addition to the coal tar and / or bitumen and possibly the plastic Contains additives that regulate the properties of the concrete, preferably a) the amount of mixing water degrading substances, especially with the same workability of the mortar and Concrete mix, for example cation-active, anion-active or non-ionic wetting agents or sulphite waste liquors and / or b) the setting speed and / or substances that change the hardening of the mixture, for example gluconates, Phosphates, citrates, alkali carbonates, silicon fluorides, aluminates, alkali or alkaline earth halides and / or c) substances that introduce micro-air pores, such as natural Vinsol resins or synthetic pore formers, for example synthetic soaps or carboxylates. 7. Binder according to claim 6, characterized in that it is as Addition b) gluconate in an amount of 0.02 to 1 wt., In particular 0.04 Gex each based on the total amount of binder. 8. Binder according to claim 6, characterized in that it is as Additive b) soda in an amount of 0.2 to 2.5% by weight, in particular 0.3-0.5% by weight, each based on the total amount of binder. 9. Process for the production of a binder or Concrete according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that Bitumen and / or coal tar in the ground state with the cement if necessary together with a plastic dispersion and optionally with the addition of an or several of the specified in claims 6 to 8 regulating the concrete properties, Additives can be mixed until homogenized. 10. Process for the production of a binder or Concrete according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the binder components bitumen and / or coal tar, cement and optionally Plastics and additives are ground together in a grinding unit. 11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that When grinding, the temperature of the grist does not exceed 300C. t2. tertåhren for the production of a binding agent or Concrete according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that cold milled bitumen and / or coal tar and / or bitumen and / or coal tar emulsion the rest formed from cement and possibly plastic and additives Binder components is added. 13. Process for the production of a binding agent or Concrete according to Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that bitumen and / or coal tar and plastic after prior joint grinding or Processing the remaining components of the binder can be added. 14. A method for producing the concrete according to any one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one component from the group of bitumen and / or coal tar and plastic in liquid (emulsion) form and / or solid Shape the remaining constituents of the binder directly during manufacture or is added when mixing the concrete. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that at least two components from the group bitumen and / or coal tar, plastics and Additives in liquid (emulsion) and / or solid form to the remaining ingredients of the binder is added directly during manufacture or when mixing the concrete will.