DE2724588A1 - SLIDING BOW REMOVAL - Google Patents

Description

r ATE NT ANWiLTS

DR.-ING. W. STUHLMANN - DIPL.-ING. R. WIL DR.-ING. P. H. OIDTMANN

AKTKN-NO. 5II / 27OI8 Your sign

4BSBOCHUM. May 31, 1977 post office box 24 5O Telephone O234 / 1 4O 61 Bergstrasse 1B8 Telegr.i Stuhlmann patent

new telephone number 5 19 57

XR / H

File number:

Title:

Plain bend extension

Applicant:

Bochum ironworks Heintzmann GmbH & Co. Bessemerstraße 80
4630 Bochum 1

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"f"

The invention relates to a Qleitbogenausbau for underground routes, the expansion arches are each made of at least assemble three segments with an approximately U-shaped profile and laterally protruding planes, which are nested with their adjacent end sections and frictionally engaged with one another by clamping lugs are connectable.

The assembly of support arches of the underground sliding arch support is always carried out in the course of the tunneling still largely in the area of the face or in the area behind the jacking device, provided the route to be expanded is partially or is fully mechanized. However, these assembly areas are necessary due to the various types of tunneling Installation and fixtures are limited in space, so that the miners tasked with assembling extension arches find difficult working conditions. Such workplaces also place high demands on the ability to improvise every single miner, in order to at least roughly match the expansion speed to the advance speed. In order to guarantee this, it is also necessary to adjust the supply of segments from above to below ground organize that the correct segments are always available for the actual assembly work. This is but especially with large route cross-sections and consequently made up of several, usually different segments Extension arches associated with considerable difficulties.

The above problems can at least partially be remedied if the tunneling is successful to assemble the necessary expansion arches above ground under the considerably easier working conditions there, that underground assembly work can be carried out in a few simple steps.

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can be restricted. It has been shown that in particular Extension arches made of segments with U-shaped, i.e. channel-like cross-sections and laterally protruding splashes are good suitable for pre-assembly above ground. Taking into account the dimensions of the specified means of transport or routes from So it is above ground after underground as well as under the additional requirement of segment lengths that are economical to use Quite possible, several, e.g. three or four channel profile segments above ground to be placed one inside the other with almost their entire length and via the clamping lugs which are used to couple the segments To be temporarily connected to each other in such a way that safe transport to the underground assembly area is guaranteed.

However, it has then been shown during the final assembly of the expansion arches that have been pre-assembled in this respect that the Great care is required to pull apart the nested segments in order to achieve a complete separation of two im later installation state successive and overlapping segments only with their adjacent end sections avoid.

If, for example, a six-part extension arch is used, this extension arch is divided into sub-arches for each surface above ground three segments (a ridge segment and two joint segments) pre-assembled and in this pre-assembled state in pairs Brought underground. In the assembly area, the two ridge segments of the partial arches are then first of all via a connecting segment coupled to one another ready for operation, with the joint segments pre-assembled with the ridge segments still in remain in this situation.

After assembling the ridge segments, the

Partly assembled extension arches, for example, pivoted into the vertical position with the help of a setting device and lifted ·.

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During the lifting process, the clamping straps can be loosened the impact segments slide along the pirst segments in the direction of the track bottom. But it is easily possible that In the event of too rapid lifting and too much loosened clamping straps, the joint segments slide completely out of the ridge segments. Apart from the fact that this situation due to the high weights of the segments with a considerable risk of the miners and also damage to the equipment and devices required for driving the road in the assembly area can be connected, the miners have to laboriously work the extension arches that have fallen apart in this way assemble by hand, so that the advantage of the simplified surface assembly is lost again.

The segments of support arches preassembled above ground can also slide apart if For example, in the case of a three-part extension arch, the cross-section of the route, in particular on the ridge side, has been driven so large is that when lifting the extension arch and the orientation of the Pirstsegmentes in an area that is higher than the intended installation position is the length of overlap of the upper end sections of the joint segments with the lower end sections of the ridge segment is no longer sufficient here to guarantee the cohesion of the segments.

The invention is accordingly based on the object of showing measures that must be taken during underground assembly of extension arches pre-assembled above - make sure that with a three-part extension arch and, in contrast, multi-part Extension arches pulling the segments apart over the extended length of an operational extension arch with certainty is prevented.

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According to the invention, the solution to this problem is characterized in that the overlap in the installed state End sections of the segments in the area of the profile bottoms or in the area of the side flanges with projections directed towards one another are provided, each of which has the projection on the inserted segment in the circumferential direction of the extension arch extending path of movement of the projection provided on the encompassing segment, namely on its ridge facing away Side, engages.

If, consequently, when assembling an extension arch, the joint segments of Pulled out of the ridge segment or segments by hand or, if necessary, with the aid of thrust piston units, so this can only be done at most because of the projections that are now provided on the segments and directed towards one another take place far until the projections of the segments sliding relative to one another meet. So this way will with security prevents the joint segments from uncontrolled beyond the minimum overlap length from the ridge segments slide out and even detach from them. The risk of accidents or damage to the tunneling equipment is thus eliminated.

In addition to avoiding the aforementioned defects, which are associated with additional negative consequences, this is guaranteed the measure according to the invention, moreover, that by the when pulling apart protrusions that meet one another also clearly indicate the installation position of the segments, i.e. the / guarantee the required overlap length is defined for a perfectly load-bearing support arch. The miners also need to During assembly, you no longer have to pay particular attention to the fact that the required overlap length is actually adhered to. Rather, they have undoubtedly predetermined ones in the projections

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Removal aids that prevent assembly errors and the resulting poorly assembled expansion arches. Despite the relieved and yet working and assembly technically safe working conditions is by the measure according to the invention in addition ensures that the rate of expansion is increased. This is how it is compared to the prior art easier to coordinate the advance speed with the expansion speed in such a way that both the quantity and the In terms of quality, it is also possible to carry out an efficient and cost-effective route tunneling.

Within the scope of the basic idea according to the invention, a sliding arch construction is characterized in which the nested segment sections via their side flanges and via the areas of their adjacent side flanges Support profile side walls on one another, an advantageous embodiment in that the associated segments Projections on the outer surfaces and the projections assigned to the encompassing segments on the inner surfaces of the spaced profile floors are provided.

In the case of expansion arches with segments that extend over their flanges and over the areas adjacent to the side flanges the profile side walls support one another, the free space between the profile bottoms of the inset segments is accordingly and the profile bottoms of the segments encompassing these segments on the outside are advantageously used to the projections therein without affecting the other punctures to accommodate the segments or the entire extension arch in such a way that they work properly in the desired manner can be. In this case, one of the interacting projections is then in each case on the outer surface of the profile bottom of the inset Segment and the other projection attached to the inner surface of the profile bottom of the comprehensive segment.

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If, on the other hand, a sliding arch extension is used, in which the segment end sections lying one inside the other overlap support their profile bottoms and the areas of their profile side walls adjacent to the profile bottoms on one another, so there is Another, but equally advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the projections assigned to the inserted segments are on the lower surfaces and those of the surrounding segments associated projections are provided on the surfaces of the spaced apart side flanges.

With this type of construction, the space between the side flanges of the nested segments, which are then at a distance from one another, is consequently used in order to determine the overlap length of two adjacent segments To accommodate projections preventing the segments from falling apart during assembly.

Depending on the type of assembly process when erecting extension arches in the underground assembly area, the projections according to the invention are assigned to the segments in various ways. For example, the ridge segment or the ridge segments are raised and the joint segments along the ridge segment or along the ridge segments at loosened brackets downwards, i.e. towards the bottom of the track, deducted, an advantageous feature is characterized according to the invention in that the projections associated with the comprehensive segments are provided directly in the region of the end faces of the segments directed towards the roof, while the the projections associated with the inserted segments are arranged at a distance from the end faces of the segments facing the track sole, which is approximately equal to the overlap length of the nested segments is dimensioned.

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As a result, the weight of the joint segments is used to prevent them from being loosened even more Clamping tabs the impact of the provided on the segments To bring about a lead with certainty. Because of the weight of the joint segments, their ridge-side end sections become pressed against the ridge segment or the ridge segments, so that the arranged in these areas Projections are located at a distance from the outer surface of the profile bottom of the inset segments when sliding down the Butt segments on the ridge segments along the desired contact of the projections guaranteed.

If, on the other hand, an assembly process is used in which the ridge segment or ridge segments are attached to the Are lifted upwards along supporting shock absorbers, there is a different one, however, likewise An advantageous feature of the invention is that the projections assigned to the inserted segments are located directly in the area of the The end faces of these segments directed towards the track sole are provided, while those associated with the encompassing segments Projections are arranged at a distance from the end faces of the segments facing the roof, which is approximately equal to the overlap length the nested segments is dimensioned.

With this type of assembly, the upper ends of the joint segments each endeavor to tilt towards the longitudinal center of the route, so that the projections now provided at the end of the inserted segments are also then connected to the encompassing ones with certainty Segments provided projections come to the plant if the minimum dimension of the overlap length required for the expansion is achieved by lifting the ridge segment or the ridge segments.

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As for the structural design of a falling apart the projections preventing expansion arches or ensuring the overlap length of two adjacent segments arrives, see above Naturally, different designs are conceivable here. An advantageous embodiment that also meets the underground conditions expediently accommodates, however, is characterized in that the projections through on the profile bottoms or on the Side flanges welded plates are formed, the thickness of which is slightly less than the clearance between the profile bottoms or the Side flanges is dimensioned from one another. Such plates are relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture and attach to the segments to fix. Their stability is sufficient to support the then to safely absorb the impact force coming into effect on the projections.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. Show it:

Pig. I an above-ground extension arch, pre-assembled in pairs in view;

FIG. 2 shows the extension curve of FIG. 1 after the ridge segments have been assembled; FIG.

3 shows the extension arch of FIGS. 1 and 2 after the upper joint segments have been pulled out of the ridge segments;

Fig. Μ the completed extension arch of Fig. 1; 5 shows, in an enlarged illustration, partially in section, the overlap area of a joint segment with a Ridge segment according to section V of FIG. 3;

6 shows, in an enlarged illustration, partly in section, the overlap area of two adjacent segments according to a second embodiment;

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Pig. 7 shows, in an enlarged illustration, partially in section, the overlap area of two adjacent segments according to a third embodiment and

8 in an enlarged representation, partly in section, the overlap area of two adjacent segments according to a fourth embodiment.

The expansion arch 1 illustrated in the preassembled state in FIG. 1 was assembled in pairs, for example horizontally. However, other assembly methods are also conceivable.

The extension arch 1 consists of two ridge segments 2, 3 and two upper joint segments 4, 5 and two lower joint segments 6, 7. The ridge segments and joint segments each have an approximately U-shaped profile, ie channel-like cross-section with laterally protruding flanges. Their design is made such that in the assembled state of the expansion sheet 1 shown in FIG. K (see the sectional view in the overlap region of the impact segment 4 and of the ridge segment 2) the overlapping end portions of two adjacent segments 2, with their side flanges 2 ', 4 * as well as with the areas of the profile side walls 2 ″, 4 ″ adjacent to the side flanges.

In Fig. 1 it is also shown schematically that two adjacent segments are each connected to each other by two clamping straps 8 for safe transport. Furthermore, Fig. 1 shows that the one transport group A with respect to the ridge segment 3 has a short overlap segment 9, which is also with the help of two clamping straps 8 is attached to the ridge segment safely for transport and approximately the same amount over the end face 10 of the Fiiflbsegmentes 3 protrudes with which it is inserted into this ridge segment.

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The transport groups A and B pre-assembled in this way, taking into account the underground transport routes and means of transport are now brought into the underground final assembly area, which can be located, for example, directly in front of the face of a route being driven. In this assembly area the two ridge segments 2, 3 of each transport group are first butted against each other and with the help of the short, Channel-like overlap segment 9 and the clamping tabs 8 ready for operation with one another in the manner shown in FIG. 2 tied together. During this assembly, the joint segments M, 6 and 5, 7 lying in the ridge segments 2, 3 remain in this surface preassembled location.

After the ridge connection has been completed, the expansion arch 1, which is assembled with regard to its transport groups A and B, is made according to FIG Setting device brought into the vertical position, the setting device expediently in the connecting area of the two Ridge segments 2, 3 is posted.

By appropriately loosening the clamping straps 8 between the upper joint segments 4 or 5 and the ridge segments 2 or 3 as well as the upper end sections of the lower joint segments 6 and 7 and the ridge segments are now the clamping lugs 8 provided there with regard to their lower end sections still coupled joint segments 4, 6 and 5, 7 to the Ridge segments moved along downward, except for the inner surfaces 11 of the profile floors 12 of the upper joint segments 4, 5, namely projections IM provided in the region of the end faces 13 facing the roof with on the outer surfaces 15 of the profile bottoms 16 of the Firtegmente 2, 3 provided projections 17 come into contact. The distance between the projections 17 provided on the outer surfaces of the profile bottoms of the ridge segments and those on the track sole

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facing end faces 18 of the Pirstsegmente corresponds approximately the overlap length of the upper one, which is required for the expansion Butt segments 4, 5 with the ridge segments 2, 3. The above-mentioned projections go from Fig. 3 in the section V in reduced size Mafistab, from Fig. 5 in an enlarged by comparison Scale out.

The projections 14 arranged on the inner surfaces 11 of the profile bottoms 12 of the upper joint segments 4, 5 and also the projections 17 on the outer surfaces 15 of the profile bottoms 16 of the ridge segments 2, 3 consist of welded plates, the thickness of which is slightly smaller than the clear distance between the profile bottoms 16 of the ridge segments 2, 3 from the profile bottoms 12 of the upper joint segments 4, 5.

The projections 14, 17 consequently not only ensure that the joint segments 4, 5 and the fii & segments 2, 3 are held together even if the joint segments are pulled out of the fixed segments at greater speed, and thereby the projections hit each other with great force, but also the minimum dimension of the overlap length of two adjacent segments.

By further lifting the completed according to FIG. 3 and with regard to the clamping tabs 8 between the upper joint segments 4, 5 and the ridge segments 2, 3 locked extension arch 1 it is then possible to loosen the clamping tabs 8 at the end of the joint segments 4, 6 or 5, 7 and also the lower joint segments 6, 7 extend downwards along the upper joint segments 4, 5. Here, too, it may be necessary be in the area of overlap between the obaen and lower Provide joint segments projections 14, 17 according to FIGS. 3 and 5.

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After the lower joint segments have been extended, the clamping lugs 8 between the lower and upper joint segments also become final attached so that the one from Pig. M recognizable extension arch 1 has been completed and with the extension arch set previously can be braced.

In the foregoing, a procedure was described in which during the assembly and setting of the extension arch 1, the joint segments 4, 5 or 6, 7 are withdrawn downwards when the head segments 2, 3 move upwards. In this case, because of their own weight, the joint segments tend to fold down towards the middle of the route with their ends on the sole side, so that, for example, the upper joint segments M, 5 with their upper end sections are pressed against the ridge segments 2, 3 with the loosened clamping straps 8 being continuously gripped will. ^{This means that the movement path of the projections I 1} I arranged on the inner surfaces 11 of the profile bottoms 12 of the upper joint segments clearly leads to the projections which are attached to the outer surfaces 15 of the profile bottoms 16 of the ridge segments.

Wildly the procedure described above is applied to a sliding arch construction, which also has U-shaped profiled segments in cross-section, but in which the overlapping end sections instead of the flanges 2 ', M ¹ and the areas of the profile side walls 2 "adjacent to the flanges, M "with the profile bottoms 12, 16 and the profile bottoms adjacent areas of the profile side walls 2 ' ¹ , 4 ¹¹ are supported on each other, so are consequently in this design, the side flanges 2', M ^{f of} the overlapping segments at a distance from each other. It is therefore expedient (see FIG. 6) to place the projections 1V, 17 * restricting the extension of the segments or ensuring the overlap length on the one hand

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Surfaces 19 of the planes V of the encompassing segments k, 5, to be arranged in the area of the end face 13 facing the roof, while the ^{projections 17 'cooperating with these projections I 1} I * on the lower surfaces 20 of the side flanges 4 ·· of the inserted segments 2 , 3 are attached, at such a distance from the end faces 18 facing the track sole that corresponds approximately to the required overlap length.

If, on the other hand, an assembly method is used in which the extension bow 1 assembled in the sense of FIG move along the lower joint segments 6, 7 or the ridge segments 2, 3 along the upper joint segments k _t 5, the lower joint segments or the upper joint segments therefore tend to tilt with their upper ends towards the middle of the route due to their own weight. In this case it is expedient (see FIGS. 7 and 8) to place the projections 17 ", 17""on the one hand in the area of the end faces 18 of the inserted segments, for example 2, 3, either on the outer surfaces 15 of the profile bottoms 16 (Fig. 7) or on the sub-surfaces 20 of the side flanges 2 '(Fig. 8) and on the other hand to fasten the projections IV, Ii * ¹¹¹ interacting with these at a distance of the overlap length from the end faces 13 of the encompassing segments , either on the inner surfaces 11 of the profile bottoms 12 (FIG. 7) or on the surfaces 19 of the side flanges Ί ¹ .

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Claims (1)

Claims: / / 4 A O ö ö 1. Plain arch extension for underground routes, the extension arches of which are composed of at least three segments with an approximately U-shaped profile in cross section and laterally protruding flanges, which are nested with their adjacent end sections and can be frictionally coupled to one another by clamping straps, characterized in that the in the installed state overlapping end sections of the segments (2, 4; 4, 6; 3, 5; 5, 7) in the area of the profile bottoms (12, 16) or in the area of the side flanges (2 ¹ , 4 ¹ ; 4 ', 6 ^f ; 3 ', 5 ^f »5 ¹ , 7 ¹ ) are provided with mutually directed projections (14, IV, 14", 14 »' · or 17, 17 ', 17", 17'"), each of which is the projection (17, 17 ', 17''»17 ¹¹¹ ) on the inserted segment (2, 3; 4, 5) in the path of movement of the encompassing segment (4, 5; 6, 7) extending in the circumferential direction of the extension arch (1) provided projection (14, 14 ·, 14 '·, 14' ¹¹ ), on the side facing away from the roof engages. 2. Qleitbogenausbau according to claim 1, in which the nested segment end sections are supported on one another via their side flanges and via the areas of their profile side walls adjacent to the side flanges, characterized in that the projections (17, 5) associated with the inserted segments (2, 3; 4, 5) 17 '') on the outer surfaces (15) and the projections (14, 14, ¹¹ ) assigned to the encompassing segments (4, 5; 6, 7) on the inner surfaces (11) of the spaced-apart profile bottoms (16 or 12) are provided. 3 · Plain arch construction according to claim 1, in which the nested segment end sections over their profile bottoms and support one another via the areas of their profile side walls adjacent to the profile bottoms, characterized in that the segments (2, 3; 4, 5) 809850 / 008B ORIGINAL INSPECTED associated projections (17 ¹ , 17 ¹¹¹ ) on the lower surfaces (20) and the projections (IM ¹ , 14 '") associated with the encompassing segments (M, 5; 6, 7) on the surfaces (19) of the spaced apart Side flanges (2 ¹ to 7 ') are provided. M. Sliding arch support according to claim 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the projections (IM, IM ¹ ) assigned to the encompassing segments (M, 5 »6, 7) are directly in the region of the end faces (13) of the segments (13) directed towards the pirate. M, 5; 6, 7) are provided, while the projections (17, 17 ') associated with the inserted segments (2, 3; M, 5) are at a distance from the end faces (18) of the segments (2, 3; M, 5) are arranged, which is dimensioned approximately equal to the overlap length of the nested segments (2, M; M, 6; 3, 5; 5, 7). 5. Sliding arch support according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the projections (17 ^fl , 17 '") assigned to the inset segments (2, 3; M, 5) are immediately in the region of the end faces (18) of the track sole directed Segments (2, 3; M, 5) are provided, while the projections (IM ¹¹ , IM · ¹¹ ) assigned to the encompassing segments (4, 5; 6, 7) are at a distance from the end faces (13) of the Segments (M, 5; 6, 7) are arranged, which is dimensioned approximately equal to the overlap length of the nested segments (2, M; M, 6; 3, 5; 5, 7). 6. Sliding arch support according to claim 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the projections (IM, IM », IM", 14 ·· »or 17, 17 ', 17", 17 "') through onto the profile bottoms (12 , 16) or plates welded to the side flanges (2 ¹ to 7 ') are formed, the thickness of which is slightly less than the clearance between the profile bottoms 12, 16) or the side flanges (2 ·, M ¹ ; M', 6 '; 3 ¹ , 5 ';5', 7 ¹ ) is dimensioned from one another. 809850 / 008S