DE272321C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

- M 272321 - CLASS 21 a. GROUP

C. LORENZ ACT-GES. in Berlin.

The first air duct arrangements for wireless telegraphy purposes were used as a wire structure a wire led into the air and brought about the amplification of the radiation a capacity (cage) at its ends. Since the radiation is essentially dependent on the diameter of the conductor, ordered you then attach several wires in the form of a trap to get a stronger stream, while eventually the individual wires of the conductor are even further apart were, in such a way that one can use funnel, double cone and fan structures passed over.

Here it was no problem to energize the individual wires evenly and let them radiate in phase, since they are all brought together according to a single point.

With these arrangements one soon reached a limit, since the individual wires of of the earth have to rise at a reasonably large angle in order not to be too much large capacity, which would have held the energy, at the lower end of the wires obtain. The disadvantage here would arise that due to the strong short-circuit in capacitance a large density of lines of force on the ground occur directly under the wires and thereby increased losses would occur.

Attempts have been made to avoid this disadvantage by the so-called screen arrangement, however, a shield antenna has the new disadvantage that the downward-facing Shield wires partially counteract the radiation from the central supply line.

All of these arrangements also had one major disadvantage in common. By having a common grounding at a single point, you got one there all the more The greater the current density, the more wires were arranged and the larger the structure became. Attempts have therefore been made to improve the conductivity of the earth by means of buried wires, sheets, etc. i to improve in order to reduce the losses in the earth. But since it is AC currents are involved, which are not simply distributed according to Ohm's law, so all of these groundings could only always have a limited effect. In no way can you prevent currents from running in the ground itself, while higher current densities do cause relatively very high losses.

The present invention is an arrangement that allows the diameter of the The radiation pattern and thus the radiation itself can be enlarged almost at will without the above-mentioned ones Having to accept disadvantages while increasing an absolute maximum of radiation and also to bring the losses through the currents in the earth to a minimum.

An embodiment of such an arrangement is shown in the figure. In this loop α represents an umbrella-shaped air wire structure. Each of the air wires α is grounded by a coil e, as is the supply line to the wires through the coupling coil b, or by some other tuning means. The energy is supplied by the system consisting of generator f, capacitance c and coupling coil d . The structure is coordinated in such a way that all wires α in per se

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Claims (1)

oscillate in phase as is known, d. H. that in the highest points of the structure a voltage curve and a reversal of the current is set. Here you can of course individual wires can also be interconnected to form a wire group and then earthed. Maximum radiation is achieved in that all conductors are tuned so that they vibrate in phase, so that in none ίο Piece of line current flows downwards while he moves up in another. If this condition is not met, will the intended purpose of maximum radiation is of course not achieved. Through the possible Even distribution of the earthing points over a large area is also the total available earth cross-section evenly used to conduct electricity, which keeps the current density to a minimum and the losses in the ground are reduced to the lowest possible level. Arrangements are already known in which several grounding points were arranged, but this was done for the Purpose, existing ladder, e.g. B. lightning rod to be able to use as an antenna while the separation of the grounds was only accidental. In such cases, these are incidentally never very far apart and are usually conductively connected to one another. It is neither an indication there are still reasons given for the double earthing, according to which a wide spacing is taken for granted would be considered. On the contrary, the earthing is usually through a special line (Wire) connected, so to be regarded as a single earthing point. With the structures in which they were intentionally placed far from each other, one wanted a potential fluctuation the earth's surface at these points and radiation through the earth itself (earth antenna). The radiation from the lines But then, since it was not in phase, it was directly damaging, so that one maximum Radiation received only if one prevented the radiation of the lines as far as possible. In the present invention, the earthing points of the individually earthed wires or Wire groups are spatially so far apart that, for example, the distance between the individual Earthing points from the base of the antenna 25 m with an antenna height of 100 m amounts to. Pa τ ε ν ϊ - A ν s ρ r υ c η: Multiple loop antenna for wireless communication purposes, thereby marked that the earthing points of the individually earthed wires or Wire groups are spatially so far apart that the ratio of the distance of the individual grounding points from the base of the central antenna to its height is at least 1: 4, with the two Halves of each loop starting from the center in a known manner in phase swing. 1 sheet of drawings.