DE2722936A1 - HYDRAULIC TORQUE CONVERTER - Google Patents

Description

PAT.NTANWAl.TE

TER MEER - MÜLLER - STEINMEISTER D-8000 Munich 22 D-4800 Bielefeld

Triftstraße 4 α Siekerwall 7

FP 77-18 Ger St / Hb

May «77

KABUSHIKI KAISHA KOMATSU SEISAKUSHO 3-6, 2-chome Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Hydraulic torque converter

709848/1 U2

The invention relates to a hydraulic torque converter with a torus or annulus. This annulus is conventional Torque converters, which are bounded by an impeller, a turbine and a stator, in cross section substantially round or pear-shaped as shown in U.S. Patent 3,125,857. Because of this shape is the axial distance between the drive ring gear and the output gears relative large, so that the entire torque converter takes up a considerable amount of space. According to the aforementioned US Pat a pear-shaped or egg-shaped torus determined by appropriate coordination of a number of critical factors and an the inner and outer wall continuously curved, and the blades of the impeller, the turbine wheel and the stator are only curved and not twisted between their input and output tips or ends.

The invention is directed to providing a torque converter in which the axial distance between the drive ring gear and the output gear is decreased. The annulus is said to be improved by properly coordinating a number of critical factors that contribute to reducing this distance. The blades of the pump wheel, the turbine wheel and the stator should only be curved and not twisted between their inlet and outlet tips.

The invention results in detail from the characterizing part of the main claim.

In the torque converter according to the invention, the improved annular space is formed by a pump wheel, a turbine wheel and a stator, which are provided with vanes which are recessed in areas of the annular space between the pump wheel, the turbine wheel and the stator. The turbine wheel is bulged towards a flywheel of the torque converter and the pump wheel is substantially perpendicular to the output shaft of the torque converter, so that the torque converter is compact as a whole and the distance between the pump wheel and the turbine wheel is reduced .

709848MU2

In the following, preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a partial longitudinal section of a torque converter according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the shape of the annulus;

Fig. 3 is a diagram for illustrating the

Operation of the torque converter according to the invention compared to a traditional torque converter.

In Fig. 1, 1 denotes a housing and 2 denotes a flywheel of a drive, for example in accordance with the SAE standard. The flywheel is housed in the housing and is driven by a drive (not shown).

The flywheel 2 carries a toothed ring 3 on a lateral surface. The toothed ring 3 engages in a toothed wheel 4c one that is on the outer peripheral surface of a pump housing

4 is formed, which in turn by an output shaft

5 is carried by a bearing 6. The pump housing 4 comprises a housing half 4a and a pump wheel 4b, and the rear region of the housing half 4a is bulged in the direction of a recess 2a which is formed on one side of the flywheel 2 mentioned. The impeller 4b is fixedly connected to the housing half 4a by means of fastening devices 7 and has a vane 8 which projects radially from the inner surface. Since the housing half 4a to bulge in the recess 2a of the flywheel 2, the impeller 4b is substantially flat and extends approximately at right angles to the output shaft 5, so that a driven gear 9 housed behind the impeller 4b closely adjacent to this can be.

7098A8 / 1U2

Therefore, the distance L between the drive ring gear 3 is and the driven gear 9 is much smaller than in conventional hydraulic torque converters. aside from that the mentioned gear 9 is supported by the housing 1 with the aid of a bearing 10, and the gear 9 is with meshing with a gear 11 fixed to the impeller 4b is, so that the output power transmitted to the flywheel 2 is taken directly via the pump housing 4 can be.

The output shaft 5 is provided with a keyway or spline in which the base portion of a turbine wheel 12 engages, which in this way with the output shaft closely adjacent to the housing half 4a on the side of the Flywheel 2 is firmly connected. The turbine wheel 12 is also along in the direction of the side of the flywheel 2 the bulged area of the housing half 4a and has a turbine blade 13, which is from the inner Surface of the turbine wheel opposite the inner surface of the pump blade 8 protrudes. A stator 14 is fixed between the turbine blade 13 and the pump blade 8 connected to the housing 1. A torus or ring, which will be discussed below, is placed between the stator 14, the pump wheel 4b and the turbine wheel 12 are formed.

Since both the housing half 4a of the pump housing 4 and the turbine wheel 12 in the direction of the recess 2a of the Flywheel 2 are arched, the pump wheel 4b can be flat and approximately at right angles to the Output shaft 5 extend so that the distance between the ring gear 3 and the driven gear 9 by about Can be reduced 25% compared to conventional hydraulic torque converters, the one mentioned below Torus shape results. The shape of the inner surface of the impeller 4b, the turbine wheel 12 and the stator 14 is designed according to Figure 2 so that the axis of the output shaft 5 in a right-angled coordinate system X-Y X axis and a reference line through the radially outermost one

709848/1 U2

Point A of the circular ring, which runs perpendicular to the X-axis, represents the Y-axis. The Y coordinate of point A is denoted by R, and points A to J have the values given below and are connected to one another by a smoothly curved line to determine the overall shape of the torus. It has been shown that the mode of operation is not impaired if the shape of the torus is changed by + _ 10% in the direction of the X-axis.

A (0, 1.0000 R)

BL (O.1225 + O.O123) R, 0.9335 R] C [(0.1615 + O.O162) R, 0.7225 R] D [(0.159O + O.O159) R, 0.5065 Rj E [(0.0175 + 0.0018) R, 0.3650 R] F ^ "- (0.110Oi 0.011O) R, 0.3515 Bj

G / "-(0.2570t O.O257) R, 0.4040 Bj H [- (0.3285 + O.O329) R, 0.5060 R] I L- (0.2990 + O.O299) R, 0.7470 R] J i- (O .1340 + O.O134) R, 0.9385 rJ 20

Fig. 3 shows a comparison of the operation of a hydraulic torque converter with one according to the above Values shaped torus and a hydraulic torque converter of the usual shape. The drawing shows that the torque converter of the invention has an improved input torque curve and an improved torque ratio in the range of low speed ratios compared to conventional torque converters.

The wings 8, 13 and 18 are usually made of die-cast aluminum manufactured. With conventional hydraulic torque converters, the front and rear edges of the Pump blades 8, turbine blades 13 and stator blades 18 are usually arranged close to one another. Therefore the wings 8, 13 and 18 have a strongly twisted shape, so that the core for these wings in sections during die-casting must be divided, the number of which is equal to the number of wings. Therefore, the cores can be lost during die casting

709848/1142

be pushed so that the wings 8, 13 and 18 can not be produced with the desired accuracy. According to the invention therefore have the torus sections 15, 16 and 17, which are located between the wings 8, 13 and 18, no wings on, so that the twisting of the wings can be reduced significantly compared to conventional wings. As a result, when casting the blades 8, 13 and 18, wooden cores for the pump wheel 4b and the turbine wheel 12 can be used axially be pulled out, while wooden cores for the stator 14 can be removed radially. Therefore, the impeller 4b, the turbine wheel 12 and the stator 14 are cast with the aid of a coherent core, so that not only simplifies the casting process, but also a shifting of cores can be switched off and the pump blades 8, the turbine blade 13 and the stator blade 18 work properly without further ado.

According to the invention, therefore, the blades are recessed in sections of the pump wheel, the turbine wheel and the stator, and the turbine wheel is bulged in the direction of the flywheel, while the impeller is substantially perpendicular to it the output shaft is, so that the distance between the pump wheel and the turbine wheel is reduced.

709848/1142

Claims (2)

Claims M'-3JO 1.] Hydraulic torque converter with an annulus that ■ in impeller with blades, turbine wheel and stator comprises, characterized in that the wings (8,13,18) in sections (15,16,17) of the annular space between the pump wheel (4b), the turbine wheel (12) and the stator (14) are recessed, and that the shape of the annular space is defined by a series of points (A through J) determined by a system of X and Y coordinates and begin with the radially outermost point (A) and progressively arranged in the direction opposite to the toroidal current The coordinate system is related to the output shaft (5) of the torque converter as the X-axis and the Y-axis represents the perpendicular to the X-axis through the radially outermost point (A) of the annulus, and wherein the outer wall of the annulus is defined by a continuous, smooth curve through successive points (A to J) whose coordinates have the following values: A (0, 1,000 R) B 1 (0.1225 + O.O123) R, 0.9335 R] C [(0.1615 + O.O162) R, 0.7225 Rj D [(0.1590 + O.O159) R, 0.5065 R] E [(0.0175 + 0.0018) R, 0.3650 R] F [- (0.1100 t 0.011O) R, 0.3515 Kj G /"-(0.257O t O.O257) R, 0.4040 R7 H Γ- (0.3285 + 0.0329) R, 0.5060 R] I L- (0.2990 + O.O299) R, 0.7470 Rj J Γ- (0.1340 + O.O134) R, 0.9385 R], where R is the largest radius of the annulus and positive and negative values are on opposite sides of the Y-axis.
35 2. Torque converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the vanes (8,13,18) of the pump wheel (4b), the turbine wheel (12) and the stator (14) 7098A8 / 1U2 ORIGINAL INSPECTED are curved and twist-free between their input and output ends. 7Π9848 / 1 U2