DE2659389A1 - Charcoal briquettes prodn. - using dextrin, and starch solns. as binder - Google Patents

Abstract

Prodn. of charcoal briquettes from wood charcoal fragments with a moisture content of 7-22 wt % comprises first reducing the charcoal to a particle size of 0.01-6 mm (>=20% over 2 mm) by crushing and screening, and measuring its moisture content with an accuracy of plus-or-minus 1%. The moisture content is then adjusted to 30-40 wt% by mixing with 5-7.5 wt % of a dextrin soln. and 22.5-45 wt % of a starch soln. and the mixt. is charged to a moulding press. The dextrin soln. is prepd. by adding 1.2-1.8 kg H2O to each kg of commercial dextrin powder, stirring to form a homogeneous mixt. and ageing the mixt. for >=12 hr. The starch soln. is prepd. by adding 5.5-7 kg HI3 to each kg of starch stirring to form a homogeneous mixt. and boiling at >=85 degrees C for >=2 min. to form a thick slurry. The briquettes can be used for cooking on an open hearth. They have good mechanical strength, ignite readily, and do not produce noxious fumes when burned.

Description

Procedure for the preparation of charcoal crumbles before the

Pressing on a desired shape Priority dated February 11, 1976 Un No. 3A- 69 The present invention relates to a method of processing of charcoal crumbs (crumbs) with a moisture content of 7 to 22% by weight before pressing to a desired shape.

The charcoal briquette, which is made from crumbled charcoal, is used for a wide variety of purposes, but especially for cooking and roasting outdoors Stove used.

On the pressed charcoal bricks that are used for cooking and roasting Briquettes have various requirements, not a single one of them can be disregarded, because otherwise the briquette becomes unusable. A requirement is that the briquette should have a corresponding strength so no crumbling occurs during transport and use Crumbling is extremely disadvantageous because the resulting pieces are not under one Pot or cookware can be placed and lit, let alone that the fragments pollute the hand and the surrounding area.

The charcoal briquette is generally used on an open stove, where the combustion products come into direct contact with the food and with the person The briquette must therefore not contain any material that would causes an unpleasant smell or releases toxic gases.

The briquette made from crumbled charcoal is said to fire lightly catch and the combustion should be continuous and even. They are different Process for processing charcoal crumbs before pressing to a desired one Form known.

According to one of the well-known methods, the crushed and sieved Charcoal is mixed with wood tar and the mixture obtained is pressed into briquettes. This method has the disadvantage that the briquette obtained during combustion gives off a bad smell. This disadvantage can be caused by repeated distillation be eliminated. A second distillation at 300 to 5000 C increases the price of the charcoal briquette to a significant extent. In practice, therefore, this Procedure not proven.

They also tried the crumbly charcoal with molasses for the briquette to press. A disadvantage of this process is that the molasses solidifies Is to be heated for 1 to 3 hours, which makes the procedure expensive. About that In addition, the Malesse can be used more economically for other purposes.

Attempts have also been made to obtain starch when pressing the wooden briquette or to use dextrin as an adhesive material. The selected adhesive material became mixed in powder form into the charcoal crumbs and then the mixture with blown Steam treated. However, these attempts have been unsuccessful because of the charcoal absorbs the steam very intensively. The moisture content of the charcoal reaches therefore very quickly 50 to 60% by weight. In this state, however, it cannot be briquetted will.

It is also known to use casein as an adhesive material.

However, this solution is very expensive.

Crumbled charcoal is also made with the help of poppy seed head mud formed into pellets as an adhesive. If you burn briquettes of this type in the open air Fire - e.g. under a grate - this is how the released vapors and gases come in direct contact with the food. Obviously this is undesirable There is still a significant difficulty in this, and that is called manufacturing and Quality defects show that the charcoal or the charcoal crumbs are different Place and is brought into operation with different moisture values. In the known processes, the charcoal should have a moisture content of 15 to 20 wt. SS. Charcoal with a different moisture content can by the known method not briquetted charcoal with more moisture than 20% by weight must be dried out before the pressing process. That is a lengthy and costly process. If, on the other hand, the little charcoal has a moisture content below 15% by weight, it must be used prior to the pressing process water.

The charcoal crumbs are made in the factories with the help of highly productive Plants processed en masse. That is why it is cheap to always use the raw charcoal to be brought into operation in a corresponding cycle of processing and without a longer storage time, to be used immediately after arrival. With the known This method is not possible because the charcoal comes from different places - whose individual batches have different moisture values - pretreated first should be to the desired moisture content within a narrow tolerance range to adjust.

So far there is no method for processing charcoal crumbs became known to a desired shape before pressing, that the could completely meet the requirements.

The invention is based on the object of a method for processing of charcoal crumbs before pressing to create a desired shape what a continuous pressing of a charcoal crumb with a moisture content from 7 to 22% by weight even if this moisture content is in changes to a significant extent - also from hour to hour. The obtained pellet (briquette) should have certain and specific dimensions and sufficient strength, must not crumble during transport and use, should be easy to ignite burn evenly and continuously and must not burn any develop unpleasant smelling or toxic combustion products.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in that from the crumbled charcoal by breaking and sieving a mixture with a grain strength from 0.01 to 6 mm is prepared, with at least 30% of the mixture having a grain thickness has over 2 mm.

For every kilogram of commercially available dextrin powder, 1.2 up to 1.8 kg of water are added and a homogeneous extrin solution is prepared by stirring The dextrin solution is allowed to stand for at least 12 hours before consumption. Before pressing, 5.5 to 7 kg of water is poured into each one kilogram of starch, and the solution obtained in this way was stirred into a homogeneous mixture. This 0 mix is cooked to a thick paste at over 85 C for at least 2 minutes. The moisture content of the charcoal crumb is determined with an accuracy of +1 96. Depending on The moisture content value becomes 5 to 7.5% by weight from the dextrin solution and from the fresh starch solution 22.5 to 45 wt .-% added to the charcoal crumb mixture. Thus, the moisture content of the entire material becomes the most favorable for pressing Range between 30 and 40 wt. 0, o 'set. Then the charcoal will crumble stirred with the added dexttrin and starch solution to a homogeneous state and fed into the mixing device of the press machine.

Another feature of the invention is that from the crumbled charcoal by breaking and sieving a fraction with a grain size of 0.01 to 2 mm, resp. 2.1 to 5 mm and 5.1 to 6 mm is prepared. To the overall mix are from the portion with the grain size of 0.01 to 2 mm 55 to 60, of the portion with the Grain size from 2.1 to 5 mm 35 to 40 and the portion with the grain size of 5.1 up to 6 mm 5 to 10 weight loaded.

Another feature of the invention is that when adding the starch solution a temperature of 80 to 900 C and the dextrin solution a temperature from 10 to 200 C.

According to a further feature of the invention, the starch solution is with the dextrin solution mixed into the charcoal crumb at the same time.

The method according to the invention is described in more detail below.

The grain size of the charcoal crumbs delivered to the farm is generally less than 20 mm. The delivered charcoal will be in this condition broken according to some known technology and broken down by seven to three parts separated, with the grain size in the first portion between 0.01 and 2 mm, in the second between 2.1 and 5 mm and in the third between 5.1 and 6 mm. From the first Share becomes a quantity corresponding to 55 to 60, the second a quantity corresponding to 40 to 55 and from the third an amount corresponding to 5 to 10 wt .-% of the total mixture taken. These aliquots are then mixed into a crumbly charcoal batch, after mixing in an appropriate amount of the adhesive material to form Pressings is used.

The crumbs of charcoal that consist of a grain size of 5.1 to 6 mm is fed into the batch to be pressed because the larger grains cause the ignition and promote even combustion, in such a way that they burn the required air can penetrate the pellet more easily around the crumbly charcoal Briquetting can be used in the mixture as an adhesive two Solutions, namely a dextrin solution and a starch solution mixed in.

The dextrin solution is prepared so that for every kilogram of the commercial dextrin poured 1.2 to 1.8 kg of water and the mixture obtained is homogenized by stirring. A larger amount is prepared at a time, which are stored for at least 12 hours before mixing into the charcoal crumb will. In the prepared state, the dextrin solution flows like thin honey.

The starch solution is used in parallel with the production of the pellets prepared for each kilogram of the commercial strength is divided into two portions Poured 5.5 to 7 kg of water. First, the starch powder gets cold with a lot Water mixed, which corresponds to the dead weight of the starch. This solution will then poured into the water (not warmer than 35 to 400 C) and stirred again. Naturally, only such an amount of the heated water is used that that the entire amount of water (together with the water that used to make the starch powder poured) is 5.5 to 7 kg.

Subsequently, this solution is stirred continuously until Heated to the boiling point and simmered until a jam-like porridge is formed. After 2 to 4 minutes of boiling, the thickness of the solution no longer changes.

The dextrin solution and the starch solution are dissolved at the same time the charcoal arriving in a conveyor trough, for example, is poured on. The thus obtained Material is then agitated in a mixer or agitator to a homogeneous state. The amounts of the dextrin solution and the starch solution is regulated so that the total moisture content of the mixture to be processed, taking into account the original moisture content of the charcoal crumbs used Is 34 to 39 wt%. This is achieved by using the dextrin solution each one kilogram of Strength 5.5 to 7 kg of water can be given target. Thus, by changing the ratio of the dextrin and starch solution to the amount of water originally present in the crumbled charcoal, the amount of water used for pressing necessary optimal additional amount of water can be set at any time.

The main advantages of the method according to the invention are the following: charcoal crumbs from different places with different moisture levels can be delivered immediately after arrival in its original condition can be briquetted into pellets, even if the properties of the charcoal (especially their water content) change from hour to hour. The manufacture can can therefore be operated continuously without interruption. The crumbled charcoal does not have to be stored before processing. A minimal storage area is therefore sufficient. The delivered charcoal should not be dried. Thus they fall to the known methods required drying systems and the associated energy costs path.

The moisture content of the charcoal crumb mixed with the adhesive is always ideal from the point of view of impeccable pressing technology and pressing can be done practically without waste. The finished pressed briquette contains no material that emits toxic gases or unpleasant smelling during combustion Flue gases developed The pellets produced in this way have a corresponding Strength and does not crumble. During the transport of the finished products therefore there is no scrap and the environment is not polluted when it is used.

The method of the invention is not limited to the materials mentioned above and procedural steps are limited. There can be more materials same effect or other procedural steps that are equivalent to those mentioned are to be used without leaving the scope of protection. The commercially available starch powder e.g.

or part of the same can be obtained from rye flour, wheat waste flour, corn flour or similar materials containing starch. The stirring or mixing can be carried out manually (by shoveling) as well as with stirring machines will.

Mixing can also be interrupted when the press machine is at a standstill In order to remove the water from the charcoal and dilute the Preventing adhesive material may delay mixing accordingly will.

Claims (4)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1. Process for processing crumbly charcoal with a moisture content of 7 to 22% by weight before pressing to a desired one Form, marked by the fact that the charcoal crumbles through Break and sieve a mixture with a grain thickness of 0.01 to 6 mm prepared where at least 30% of the mixture has a grain thickness greater than 2 mm; to 1.2 to 1.8 kg of water are added to each kilogram of commercially available dextrin powder and by stirring a homogeneous dextrin solution and prepared before consumption allowed to stand for at least 12 hours; before pressing one kilogram each Starch 5.5 to 7 kg of water poured and the starch solution obtained in this way to become homogeneous Stirred condition and cooked to a thick paste for at least 2 minutes over 850 ° C will; is the moisture content of the charcoal crumb with an accuracy of + 1 O / o determined and dependent on the moisture content value from the dextrin solution 5 to 7.5% by weight and from the fresh starch solution 22.5 to 45% by weight - to the crumbled charcoal mixture is admitted; with the moisture content of the entire material in the Pressing is set to the most favorable range between 30 and 40% by weight, and then that Crumble the charcoal with the added dextrin and starch solution to form a homogeneous one State is stirred out and fed into the mixing device of a press machine. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that from the crumbled charcoal through breaking and sieving a part with a Grain size from 0.01 to 2 mm or 2.1 to 5 mm and 5.1 to 66 mm prepared, too the total mixture of the proportion with a grain size of 0.01 to 2 mm 55 to 60, from the portion with a grain size of 2.1 to 5 mm 35 to 40 and from the portion with the grain size of 5.1 to 6 mm 5 to 10 wt .-% is charged. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that when adding the starch solution a temperature of 0 from 80 to 90 C and the Dextrin solution has a temperature of 10 to 200 C. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c h -n e t that the starch solution with the dextrin solution simultaneously in the charcoal crumb is mixed in.