DE265871C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE265871C DE265871C DENDAT265871D DE265871DA DE265871C DE 265871 C DE265871 C DE 265871C DE NDAT265871 D DENDAT265871 D DE NDAT265871D DE 265871D A DE265871D A DE 265871DA DE 265871 C DE265871 C DE 265871C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- lactic acid
- fermentation
- sugar
- alcohol
- lactose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-UUNJERMWSA-N Lactose Natural products O([C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]1CO)[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-UUNJERMWSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001476 alcoholic Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogens Species 0.000 description 2
- LKDRXBCSQODPBY-VRPWFDPXSA-N D-levulose Chemical compound OCC1(O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O LKDRXBCSQODPBY-VRPWFDPXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N D-sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002737 Fructose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 grape Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 grape Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021108 sauerkraut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/10—Preserving with acids; Acid fermentation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
- JVe 265871 KLASSE 53 #. GRUPPE- JVe 265871 CLASS 53 #. GROUP
FRANZ WIENHOLZ in PRENZLAU.FRANZ WIENHOLZ in PRENZLAU.
Die Einsäuerung von Nahrungs- und Genußmitteln u. dgl., ζ. B. die Herstellung von Gurken und Sauerkraut, geschieht durch Gärung, wobei der Zucker zum großen Teil in Milchsäure verwandelt wird. Nach neuen Untersuchungen und Erfahrungen kommt aber außer der Milchsäuregärung besonders noch eine Alkoholgärung in Betracht, die einerseits auf die Konsistenz und Haltbarkeit, andererseitsThe acidification of foodstuffs and luxury foods and the like, ζ. B. the production of cucumbers and sauerkraut, is done by fermentation, with the sugar being largely converted into lactic acid is transformed. According to new research and experience, alcohol fermentation occurs in addition to lactic acid fermentation into consideration, on the one hand, on the consistency and shelf life, on the other
ίο auf den Geschmack von einschneidender Bedeutung ist. Das Substrat beider Gärungen ist der in den einzusäuernden Rohmaterialien enthaltene Rohr-, Trauben- oder Fruchtzucker. Man hat schon Seit längerer Zeit erkannt, daß, wenn zu wenig Zucker vorhanden ist, die Gärung einen abnormen Verlauf nehmen kann, und daß dadurch Geschmack und Haltbarkeit sehr vermindert werden. Aus diesem Grunde macht man häufig einen Zusatz von Trauben-ίο on the taste of decisive importance is. The substrate of both fermentations is that contained in the raw materials to be acidified Cane, grape or fruit sugar. It has long been recognized that if there is not enough sugar, fermentation can take an abnormal course, and that it greatly reduces taste and shelf life. For this reason one often makes an addition of grape
ao zucker. Diese Zuckerart wird sowohl von den die alkoholische Gärung hervorrufenden Pilzen als auch von den Milchsäurebakterien in der jedem der beiden Mikroorganismen eigentümlichen Weise gespalten, so daß daraus entweder Milchsäure oder Alkohol oder beides zusammen entstehen kann. Man hat es vorläufig nicht in der Hand, dabei die Gärung so zu beeinflussen, daß ein bestimmter Teil des Zuckers zu Milchsäure, ein anderer zu Alkohol vergoren wird. Aus dieser Unsicherheit in der Gärungsführung entsteht häufig eine ungenügende Gärung, deren Folge zum Teil minderwertige, zum Teil verdorbene Produkte sind.ao sugar. This type of sugar is used both by the mushrooms that cause alcoholic fermentation as well as the lactic acid bacteria in each of the two microorganisms peculiar to them Split in a manner that can produce either lactic acid or alcohol or both together. One has it for the time being It is not possible to influence the fermentation in such a way that a certain part of the sugar becomes lactic acid, another part into alcohol is fermented. This uncertainty in the fermentation process often gives rise to one Insufficient fermentation, the result of which is partly inferior, partly spoiled products are.
Diesem Ubelstand kann dadurch entgegen-This can be countered by
gewirkt werden, daß man dem zu vergärenden Ausgangsmaterial eine Zuckerart zusetzt, die nur von einer Art der in Frage kommenden Gärungserreger vergoren wird, von der andern jedoch nicht. Diese Zuckerart ist der Milchzucker, der von den Milchsäurebakterien vorzugsweise und glatt in Milchsäure umgewandelt wird, von den Alkoholhefen jedoch, die bei dieser Gärung vorhanden sind oder zugesetzt werden, nicht angegriffen wird. Durch den Zusatz von Milchzucker wird, abgesehen von einer genügend intensiven Gärung, erreicht, daß sowohl die Milchsäurebakterien das nötige Material zur Bildung von Milchsäure haben, als auch den die alkoholische Gärung hervorrufenden Pilzen der in den Rohprodukten vorhandene, direkt gärungsfähige Zucker zur Erzeugung der entsprechenden Alkoholmenge zur Verfügung steht. Durch den Zusatz des Milchzuckers bleibt gewissermaßen der in dem Ausgangsmaterial vorhandene Traubenzucker den die alkoholische Gärung hervorrufenden Gärungserregern vorbehalten, die ihn sofort in Alkohol und Kohlensäure zerlegen können. Je frühzeitiger und energischer die Alkoholbildung jedoch vor sich geht, desto sicherer werden die Gurken u. dgl. aber vor dem Weichwerden geschützt. Es läßt sich ferner durch die Menge des zugesetzten Milchzuckers bis zu einem gewissen Grad auch die Menge der entstehenden Milchsäure beeinflussen, von der ganz besonders die Haltbarkeit abhängt, und die bei der Herstellung von tropenfähiger Ware die entscheidende Rolle spielt. Als ein in den meisten Fällen genü-be effected by adding a type of sugar to the starting material to be fermented, which is fermented by only one type of fermentation pathogen in question, by the but not others. This type of sugar is milk sugar, which is produced by lactic acid bacteria is preferably and smoothly converted into lactic acid, but from the alcohol yeast, that are present or added during this fermentation is not attacked. By the addition of lactose is achieved, apart from a sufficiently intensive fermentation, that both the lactic acid bacteria provide the necessary material for the formation of lactic acid as well as the fungi that cause alcoholic fermentation in the raw products existing, directly fermentable sugars to produce the appropriate amount of alcohol is available. The addition of the milk sugar means that what is present in the starting material remains, so to speak Dextrose reserved for the fermentation pathogens causing alcoholic fermentation, which can immediately break it down into alcohol and carbon dioxide. The earlier and more energetic However, as alcohol is formed, the safer the cucumbers and the like become protected from softening. It can also be determined by the amount of lactose added to a certain extent also influence the amount of lactic acid produced, on which the shelf life depends in particular, and which plays a decisive role in the manufacture of goods suitable for the tropics plays. As a sufficient in most cases
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE265871C true DE265871C (en) |
Family
ID=523065
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT265871D Active DE265871C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE265871C (en) |
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0
- DE DENDAT265871D patent/DE265871C/de active Active
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