DE2619762A1 - WARM AIR HEATER - Google Patents

Description

PATENTANWÄLTE ZENZ & HELBER ■ D 43OO ESSEN 1 - AM RUHRSTEIN 1 ■ TEL .: (O2 O1) 4126 Page C 48

CREDA ELECTRIC LIMITED

Creda Works, Blythe Bridge, Stoke on Trent STIl 9LJ, Stafford England

Warm air heater

The invention relates to a warm air heater with
an air inlet, an air outlet and a blower device for sucking the air through the air inlet and
to expel the air through the air outlet into the room to be supplied. In particular, the invention relates to an electrical storage heater whose thermal energy through
Warm air as a transmission medium to maintain an adjustable target temperature in a room to be supplied
is used·

Known air heating systems of the type mentioned above have an air heater with a heat storage unit, whose Heat storage elements are charged especially in periods of low stress · The heat dissipation from the storage elements to the room to be heated is effected by an air circulation device, which is usually designed as a fan the air sucked into the heater - hereinafter referred to as warm air heating - via an air inlet on the heat storage elements passes over and through an air outlet into the room to be supplied. The fan can be from one room

temperature controller are controlled in such a way that switched on with the release of warm air in the room to be supplied when the temperature of this room drops significantly below the preset setpoint. The fan stops

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switches when the room temperature is at or above the temperature setpoint increases

In certain circumstances, when using hot air heating of this type, it is desirable to have the air uninterrupted to circulate in the room to be supplied. In the known warm air heating systems, however, is the utilization of the fan for uninterrupted circulation of air with its use as an actuator for maintenance of the temperature setpoint in the room to be supplied incompatible. It was therefore with the well-known warm air heating systems necessary to provide a separate unit to maintain air circulation in the room to be supplied, which is effective regardless of the heating function of the heating system.

This problem is addressed by the invention and according to the invention in a warm air heating system of the type specified at the beginning solved in that a valve device in the flow path between the air inlet and the air outlet is installed, the actuator between a first position in which the moved by the fan device Air between the air inlet and the air outlet is mainly passed through a heat spexcherexnheit, and one second position is adjustable, in which the air between the air inlet and air outlet mainly along one of the Heat spexcherexnheit bypassing flow path is performed.

To the proportion of the heat spexcherexnheit piercing To be able to adjust the amount of air to the total amount of air exiting through the air outlet is a further development of the invention provided that the valve device as a continuously variable between the first and second positions adjustable valve is trained.

The warm air heating according to the invention is further developed by that a first air flow path between the inlet

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and the outlet is passed through heat storage elements of the storage unit, that a second air flow path between Inlet and outlet extends outside the heat storage elements and that the actuator of the valve device such is arranged in the two flow paths that in his first position the second flow path and its second position the first flow path essentially closed is.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the first and second flow paths from one of the the intake chamber to be supplied with the air sucked in and that an air (fresh air) from one other than the room to be supplied inlet line is connected to the inlet chamber. Preferably is a second valve device for adjusting the proportion of the amount of air supplied through the inlet duct to the Total amount of air flowing through the heater is provided. In this way, the room to be supplied can be used fresh air supplied can be varied from zero to a maximum value at which the total amount of supplied Air is taken from an external fresh air source.

In the warm air heater according to the invention, a temperature measuring device can be installed which is assigned to the valve device in such a way that it can be moved between the first and the second position as a function of the temperature of the air sucked into the heater. This temperature measuring device can, for example, be mounted in the inlet chamber and mechanically or electrically connected to the valve device. In an alternative embodiment, the valve device can have an actuator formed by a bimetal element, which can be adjusted between first and second positions ^{depending on the temperature of the air sucked into the heater to control the air flow S - path through the heater.}

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The hot air heating described can be supplemented by the following features to fulfill further control functions:

a) One of the valve devices between the first and second position as a function of the actual temperature value or its deviation from the setpoint of the room to be supplied adjusting temperature controller;

b) A selectively actuatable auxiliary heater installed in an air flow path between the outlet of the Heating and the air delivery point to the room to be supplied is arranged. This way the air can may also be heated independently of the amount of heat stored in the storage elements to achieve a suitable room temperature;

c) A selectively operable cooling device, which the air between the outlet and the delivery point to the to be supplied Room cools down;

d) A selectively actuatable air freshener for selectively freshening the air between the outlet and the air delivery point to the supplying room;

e) A selectively operable humidifier, the Air between the outlet of the heater before it is released to the room to be supplied with moisture puts.

In the aforementioned way, the warm air heater according to the invention can be designed to a comprehensive air conditioning system.

When using the cooling device, a further alternative flow path is preferably provided, which is an adjustable one Valve is assigned, with the help of which dde air through the

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Cooling device or bypassing the same for dispensing parts can be directed. The valve can be arranged so that the air only flows through the cooling device when the actuator associated with the valve is in its first position. This will reduce the pressure drop minimized, which would otherwise be expected if the air through both the heat storage unit and would also be passed through the cooling device. This alternative flow path preferably has an additional heating device on.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the warm air heater with a heat storage device Heat storage elements, an inlet chamber, a further chamber and a fan device for moving the air from the inlet chamber to the further chamber, it is provided that a first air flow path extends from the inlet chamber through the heat storage elements another chamber and a second air flow path extending directly from the inlet chamber to the further chamber, and that a valve device with one between two Positions movable actuator is provided, wherein in the first position of the valve actuator, the second Flow path essentially closed and air under the influence of the fan device from the inlet chamber mainly is driven through the storage elements into the further chamber, and in the second position the first Flow path is essentially closed and air under the action of the fan device from the inlet chamber is mainly driven directly into the further chamber.

The invention is explained below with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view through the first embodiment of the warm air heater ; and

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FIG. 2 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 of a modified exemplary embodiment.

The warm air heater according to the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 1 has a heater 2, in which an upper zone 4 and a lower zone 6 are formed. A partition 8 extends from one of the lower Zone delimiting bottom wall from upwards and divides the lower zone into an inlet chamber 10 and an intermediate chamber 12. An outlet 14 of the heater extends from the intermediate chamber through the bottom plate. In the upper zone A heat storage unit 16 with heat storage elements 18 is arranged on the heater.

A grate spanning the open front of the inlet chamber forms the inlet 20 of the heater through which air can be sucked into the device. From the inlet chamber 10 go out two air flow paths, of which the first Flow path 22 between the inlet and intermediate buyers is passed through the storage unit and the heat storage elements 18 runs through. This first air flow path is in the shape of a downwardly open U. A second Flow path 24 extends from the inlet chamber directly into the intermediate chamber, that is to say runs outside the storage unit.

In the lower zone of the heater, the actuator 32 is a valve or the like. arranged between a first position shown with broken lines, in which the second flow path 24 is practically closed, and a second position, shown in solid lines, in which the second air flow path can be adjusted 24 is open and the first flow path 22 is effectively closed. The adjustment of the actuator 32 takes place via a servomotor 33 of the valve device.

In a preferred embodiment, the heater has an in temperature controller that can be attached to the room to be supplied,

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

which is electrically connected to the servomotor 33 · The The temperature controller contains a temperature converter 34 with which the actual temperature value of the room to be supplied is measured and its output signal is a function of the measured room temperature, preferably proportional the difference between the actual temperature value and the setpoint in the room is ·

In the intermediate chamber 12, a fan device designed as a radial fan 40 is arranged, the air from the intermediate chamber and discharges through the outlet 14 into the space to be supplied by the heater · During operation air from the inlet chamber 10 is selectively via the first flow path 22 or the second flow path 24 or via both flow paths are sucked into the intermediate chamber 12 by the fan 40.

If the room temperature (measured by the temperature measuring device 34) in operation of the warm air heating at or near the Temperature setpoint is, the valve actuator 32 is controlled by the temperature controller in the second position, in the fan 40 sucks the air from the inlet chamber directly into the intermediate chamber, the inlet chamber is fed by air sucked in from the room to be supplied. In this way, the one over the outlet 14 no or practically no heat is supplied from the heat storage elements 18 to the air given off.

However, if the room temperature falls below the preset setpoint value, the temperature controller 34 will provide one Signal to the servomotor 33 from that the actuator 32 is adjusted from the second position in the direction of the first position will. In this way, under the influence of the fan, air passes both directly via the flow path 24 and via the flow path 22 through the heat storage unit into the

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Intermediate chamber. The output from the fan 40 through the outlet 14 Air is therefore dependent on the exact intermediate position of the actuator 32 and on the temperature the heat storage elements 18 are heated.

If the temperature of the room to be supplied after the measurement in the temperature controller is significantly below the preset The setpoint decreases, the servomotor 33 is controlled so that the actuator 32 is in the first position is brought, in which the second flow path leading directly into the Zwischenkanuner is practically closed. In doing so, practically all of the air sucked in by the fan 40 from the inlet chamber is passed through the heat storage elements 18 passed, whereby a maximum heat transfer from the storage unit 16 to the through the outlet 14 air driven into the room to be supplied takes place.

In the embodiment described, there is a fresh air inlet pipe 46 placed from a source of fresh air to the inlet chamber. The fresh air source can, for example, by a outwardly guided fresh air intake stubs 48 may be formed. In the inlet pipe 46 is a second valve device with a rotary valve 50 built in, which is between an open position in which the air flow through the inlet tube is practical is unbraked, and a closed position in which the inlet tube 46 is effectively closed, can be moved. The air driven by the fan 40 through the heater and supplied to the room to be supplied can therefore either through the inlet 20 from the room itself or possibly also drawn in through the inlet pipe 46 from the fresh air source. Therefore, depending on external environmental conditions and The conditions in the room to be supplied with fresh air in a proportion corresponding to that generated by the warm air heating Warm air flow can be added.

As an alternative to using one of the heater 2

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ORIGINAL INSPECTS)

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A temperature converter can also be used for a remotely located temperature controller are used, which is arranged in the inlet chamber 10 and the temperature of the flowing into the heater Air measures. This alternative temperature converter, which is denoted by 34 in the drawing, can also have an output signal as a function of the temperature, preferably proportional to the difference between the actual temperature values and the setpoint values, which are used to control the valve servomotor 33 serves. If necessary, a mechanical temperature measuring device can be used, e.g. B. mechanically with the actuator 32 is connected and the latter depending on the temperature of the air sucked into the intermediate chamber between adjusted to the two end positions.

Another structural alternative is that the actuator itself is formed by a bimetal element, which adjusts depending on the temperature of the air sucked into the inlet chamber and the air flow path controlled by the heater accordingly. When the temperature of the air sucked into the heater is significant is below the temperature setpoint in the room to be supplied, the bimetal element moves into a first position in which the second flow path is essentially closed and air from the inlet chamber flows into the intermediate chamber via the heat storage elements. If, on the other hand, the one in the inlet chamber sucked in air has a temperature that is at or near the target temperature, the bimetal element takes one A position in which the first flow path 22 is essentially closed and the air from the fan 40 is bypassed of the heat accumulator in the intermediate chamber 12 and passed through outlet 14 to the delivery point to the room to be supplied will. The bimetal element fulfills the function described above regardless of whether the air is directly supplied to the Room is taken or comes mainly from the external fresh air source.

In the embodiment described, the hot air

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

heater 2 in conjunction with additional air conditioning functions fulfilling devices used. The heater 2 is mounted on a housing 58 in which a lower chamber 60, an inlet 62 communicating with the outlet 14 of the heater, and an outlet 64 are formed, the latter being connected to an outlet line 66.

The lower chamber 60 is divided into upper and lower zones by a partition 68. In the upper zone is one additional heating device 70 and a cooling device 72 arranged in the lower zone.

A valve flap 74, which is movable via the inlet 62, is attached to the partition wall 68. In operation, the valve flap (solid lines) is movable between a first position in which the air flows from the outlet 14 of the heater 2 through the upper zone to the outlet 64, and a second position shown in broken lines moves ^who, 5η of the air flows from outlet 14 to outlet 64 via the lower zone. In this way, the air flowing through the system is subject to a minimal pressure drop because the air from outlet 14 is unlikely to be directed through the lower zone to outlet 64 if it was previously directed through heater 2 via first flow path 22. During operation, the valve flap 74 therefore only assumes its second position when the actuator is in the second position.

In the embodiment shown in the drawing, the cooling spirals in the cooling device are connected to an external one Connected cooling machine, which can give off the excess heat to digAtmosphäre during operation of the cooling device. Possibly the cooling machine can also be designed as a reversible heat pump. In mild weather conditions, the Heat pump extract heat from the outside atmosphere and

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OeiGfNAL INSPECTED

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transferred to the air flowing through the system before it is released to the room to be supplied.

If necessary, the warm air heating described can also be equipped with an air freshening device, which the air to be supplied before it is released Freshen up space and condition it appropriately. This happens regardless of whether the air has previously been supplied by the Taken from the room or from an external source of air. A humidifier can also be included in the device be able to selectively supply moisture to the air before it is released to the room to be supplied.

In the case of the heating system described, the normal safety measures to be hit; For example, a temperature converter 80 can be arranged in the outlet 64 of the housing 58 be, which takes over the control of the actuator 32 in the event that the temperature of the outlet 64 of the housing 58 exiting air rises above a certain maximum temperature peratur.

With the help of the warm air heating system described above, air can be continuously circulated through the room to be supplied are maintained, and the room conditions are monitored very precisely with minimal temperature fluctuations the intended setpoints are maintained.

With the aid of the additional heating device 70, the heating function the system made independent of the storage state of the heat storage elements 18.

With the help of a thermostatic control it can be achieved that the heating device 70 brings about a heating of the air given off to the room to be supplied, (a) when the The temperature of the storage element (s) themselves is not high enough to keep the temperature in the first position

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Actuator 32 heat air directed through the heater to the setpoint; and (fc>) if the storage elements be charged during a low-load period (night operation), in which case the actuator is in the second position.

The term "mainly" in connection with the air throughput through the various flow paths is generally understood to mean almost the total amount, but preferably a proportion of more than 95%. When the actuator is therefore in the first position, at least 95%, but preferably more than 99 % of the air moved by the fan is passed through the heat storage unit. However, if the actuator is in the second position, at least 95 %, preferably more than 99 % of the air moved by the fan from the inlet chamber directly into the intermediate chamber. When the actuator is in an intermediate position, the air flows through both flow paths to the intermediate chamber.

In the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, corresponding components of the heater carry the the same reference numerals as in the previously described embodiment according to FIG. 1, but the reference numerals is preceded by a 1. The preceding description is also for corresponding components of the second exemplary embodiment valid. The second embodiment differs from the first \ above all in the construction of the valve device: while in the first embodiment the actuator 32 of the valve device in the first position the first flow path 22 opens and the second flow path 24 closes and when it is reached The second position effectively closes the first flow path 22 and opens the second flow path 24 is in the second Embodiment the valve device is formed by a motor-operated throttle valve device 132,

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which can be moved between an open position and a closed position. When the throttle valve 132 is in its is fully closed position, virtually all of that drawn into the inlet chamber 110 by the fan 140 is drawn Air is passed through the heat storage unit 116 (indicated by the arrow A) j when the throttle valve 132 is against it is fully open, the air sucked into the inlet chamber mainly flows directly into the intermediate chamber 112 (indicated by arrow B). The location of the throttle valve 132 at or between its open and closed positions can with the help of a temperature sensor arranged in an outlet line or by one in the. supplying Room arranged temperature controller can be controlled. To ensure adequate flow resistance through the Ensure heater and minimize airflow through the heater when the throttle assembly is off 132 is in its fully open position, a compensating throttle or a flow limiter 188 may be arranged in the flow path through the heat storage unit 116.

In the second exemplary embodiment, the storage unit 116 has a security device to which an internal By-pass 192 heard. Part of the amount of air passed through the storage unit flows through this bypass and is the heating elements 118 are not heated when the throttle device 132 is in its closed position. Further Part of the safety device is a valve flap 194 arranged in the bypass 192, which is between a closed position,

in which the bypass is effectively closed and one is open
Movable position: in which the air sucked in by the fan can partially flow through the bypass 192. The movement of the valve flap or valve actuator 194 is controlled by a Bielement 196 arranged in the flow path, which at least partially removes the valve flap 194 from its closed position.

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opens when the temperature of the air flowing through the heating elements 118 exceeds a predetermined maximum Safety temperature rises.

If, for example, shortly after a heat storage period, in which the heating elements have been brought to a maximum temperature, a maximum heating effect is achieved is to be and the air flowing through the storage unit is brought to a temperature that is too high, the previously described safety device so effective that the valve flap 194 opens, a part of the heating elements air flowing through is passed through the bypass 192 and thereby the temperature of the from the storage unit escaping air is reduced.

In the illustrated second embodiment, a ventilation duct 198 is also provided, which extends from the inlet chamber is guided directly into the intermediate chamber and through which the cold air in the inlet chamber to the bearings of the motor of the Fan 140 can be directed.

It is clear that all auxiliary and safety devices, which have been described in connection with the first embodiment, in a similar manner in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 can be used.

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Claims (17)

ENTANWÄLTE ZENZ & HELBER · D 43OO ESSEN 1 · AM RUHRSTEIN 1 · TEL .: (02O1) 4126 87 »- 15 '- C 48 Expectations (1.j Warm air heater with one air inlet, one air outlet and a blower device for drawing air through the Air inlet and for discharging the air through the air outlet into the space to be supplied, characterized that in the flow path between the air inlet (20) and the air outlet (14) a valve device (32, 33) is installed, the actuator (32) between a first position in which the from the fan device (40) moving air between air inlet (20) and air outlet (14) is mainly passed through a heat storage unit (16), and a second position is adjustable, in which the air between the air inlet (20) and air outlet (14) mainly is guided along a flow path bypassing the heat storage unit. 2. Warm air heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve device as a stepless between the first and second positions controllable valve 02, 33) is formed so that the portion of the heat storage unit (16) flowing through The amount of air can be adjusted to the total amount of air exiting through the air outlet (14). 3. Warm air heater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that a first air flow path (22) between the inlet (20) and the outlet (14) through heat storage elements (18) of the storage unit (16) is guided that a second air flow path (24) between the inlet and outlet outside Z / ko. 809847/0342 the heat storage elements and that the actuator (32) of the valve device (32, 33) in such a way in the two Flow paths is arranged that in its first position the second flow path (24) and in its second position the first flow path (22) is essentially closed. 4. Warm air heater according to claim 3, characterized in that the first and second flow paths (22, 24) from an inlet chamber (10) which receives the air sucked in from the space to be supplied and that an air (Fresh air) from an inlet line (46) other than the one to be supplied to the inlet chamber (10) is. 5. Warm air heater according to claim 4, characterized in that that a second valve device (50) for adjustment the proportion of the amount of air supplied through the inlet line (46) to the total amount of the heater (2) air flowing through is provided. 6 »Warm air heating according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized characterized in that both air flow paths (22, "/ on the inlet chamber (10) extend to an intermediate chamber (12), and that the fan (40) is arranged in the intermediate chamber, which sucks air into the intermediate chamber and closes it the outlet (14) of which ejects. 7. Warm air heater according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized characterized in that a temperature measuring device (34 ·) is assigned to the valve device (32, 33) in such a way that the latter depending on the temperature of the air sucked into the heater (2) between the first and the second position 2 6! ⁽ j 7 G 8. Warm air heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve device is one of a bimetal element having formed actuator, depending on the temperature of the sucked into the heater Air to control the air flow path through the heater adjustable between first and second positions is. 9. Warm air heater according to claim 8, characterized in that the bimetal element as a two-point controller is designed such that it is in the first position, in which the air mainly through the storage unit flows when the actual temperature value of the air sucked into the heater is significantly below the temperature setpoint of the room to be supplied, and in the second, the air mainly via a storage unit Immediate flow path switches to conducting position when the actual temperature value is close to or above the setpoint temperature. 10. warm air heater according to claim 1, characterized a
shows that the valve device (32, 33) is provided between its first and second position in dependence on the temperature of the room to be supplied with adjustable temperature controller (34). 11. Warm air heater according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a selectively operable Auxiliary heater (70) in an air flow path between the outlet fl4) of the heater and the air delivery point is arranged to the room to be supplied. 12. Warm air heater according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a selectively operable Cooling device (72) in an air flow path between the outlet (14) of the heater (2) and the air delivery point 609847/034 2- ORiGiNA INSPECTED is arranged to the room to be supplied. 13. Warm air heater according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a selectively operable Air freshening device with the air flow path between the outlet (14) and the air delivery point is connected to the room to be supplied. 14. Warm air heater according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a selectively operable Air humidifier with the air flow path between the outlet (14) of the heater (2) and the air - Delivery point is connected to the room to be supplied. 15. Warm air heater according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the first air flow path (22) from the inlet chamber (10) to the intermediate chamber (12) has a U-shaped course. 16. Warm air heater according to claim 15, characterized in that the U offeqdst downwards. 17. Warm air heater according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the first flow path (122) air contains a bypass (192) through which in the first position of the valve actuator (132) bypassing the heating elements (118) can be deflected when the temperature of the air guided through the first flow path (122) exceeds a predetermined value Maximum temperature rises. 6 0 984 7/0342 Blank page