DE2618587A1 - Fighting helmet for soldiers or policemen - carries integral firearm or instrument system enabling operation from behind cover - Google Patents

Abstract

The fighting helmet is used by soldiers, policemen or persons carrying out similar tasks. The helmet can be used by those who fire firearms or antitank rockets from a concealed position. It is also used by personnel handling rangefinders, camera or other instruments and gives protection against visual detection, projectiles, fragments and flying debris and radiation. The wearer can carry out observation, aiming and firing without exposing his head to enemy fire. The antislipping helmet (10) has on its upper part supports for a firearm system (20) actuated by a triggering mechanism (25). It can also carry a rangefinder of a camera. The aiming device (22, 23) reaches downwards into the field of vision of the wearer.

Description

Combat helmet for soldiers, police officers or people

With Similar Objects The invention relates to a combat helmet for soldiers, police officers or people with similar tasks who are deployed a cover or a vehicle for firearms, anti-tank missiles or the like, Make use of rangefinders, cameras or similar devices.

So far, the individual soldier or police officer can target an opponent with flat fire Do not fight without attacking a handgun, including yourself To expose handguns in such a way that he in turn is exposed to flat fire from the opponent or shrapnel is endangered. In other words, a soldier or a cop offers today at the moment the shot is fired, depending on the attack of the weapon, always one more or less big goal for his opponent. The relatively high number of headshots in the two world wars prove that.

When aiming and firing with the usual ones against the shoulder When handguns are to be fired, the shooter often has to adopt an abnormal posture ingest and through the aiming process (Closing one eye) will his ability to observe is also restricted. These disadvantages occur because the sighting devices of all previous handguns disadvantageously above the barrel, in the case of anti-tank weapons are usually attached to the side of the barrel. Only because of that When aiming, the largest part of the head must always protrude riskily over the weapon.

With accurate attacks with handguns and with all shoulder weapons Usually both hands are used to operate the weapon and a relatively large amount It takes time to bring the gun up, which is a major handicap can be in fighting opponents. Also when striking the handguns In the field, out of vehicles or buildings, the shooter does not have a cramped posture to exclude, which increases the accuracy as well as the recoil of many common small arms and anti-tank weapons. Leaders of flying platforms, of motor vehicles or water vehicles, as well as operators of manually operated devices can currently do not react quickly with handguns or handguns and the like at the same time aim and shoot accurately.

It is already the combination of a rifle with a so-called Trench mirror became known as an aiming device that made the firing of the weapon possible a trench, i.e. with full cover of the shooter. This device combination but again includes an unwieldy handgun to be striked against the shoulder, a relatively complicated, heavy mechanics and can only work when on the hook a ditch or the like.

are operated out The invention is therefore based on the object the need for protection of soldiers, police officers and the like against sight, projectiles, splinters, flying debris, rays, with his mission to observe an opponent and to combat, to combine in such a way that your own risk is so low as possible, but your own ability to act compared to the current situation is increased significantly, i.e. that the shooter or operator takes full cover can observe, aim and shoot properly or operate devices.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the non-slip Attachable combat helmet or the like. On its top one from the wearer via a trigger mechanism actuatable weapon system arranged in the viewing direction, an optical device, for example a range finder, a camera or the like., And on its front one of the top of the helmet reaching down into the field of vision of the wearer wearing.

This makes it possible for the wearer of the combat helmet to use the weapon system or optical device or the like. To operate from full coverage. The sighting device can be designed in such a way that observation and aiming are possible day and night is. The combat helmet can include the attached weapon system or optical Device can be designed so that the total weight is acceptable to the wearer and is approximately no more than 2.5 kg. The combat helmet can be made of suitable for this purpose Plastic, light metal, steel or from one Combination of these Materials are made and used as weapons are preferably recoilless or Low-recoil, lightweight designs are used. It must be taken into account that due to the arrangement according to the invention, for example a firearm the combat helmet, the usual shoulder rest (stock), trigger device, sighting device etc. are omitted and a corresponding reduction in weight is achieved in this way alone can be. The slip resistance of the combat helmet can be achieved, for example, by an interior of the helmet with foam padding and, if necessary, additional side tensioning elements can be achieved. When possible weapon systems come in combination with the combat helmet For example, appropriately modified gas pressure chargers with box magazines, gas pressure chargers with belt drum, drum weapons, rifle grenade devices, anti-tank and laser weapons or combinations of these weapons including missiles for various purposes in question. Instead of a weapon, a rangefinder, for example, can also be used on the combat helmet for example in a laser version or a television camera (with a transmitter in a backpack frame) be arranged, the use of these devices equal to the weapons mentioned above can take place from full coverage of the wearer of the combat helmet. A laser tipped one Combat helmet can thus be used advantageously for geographical or target location. Finally, it is also possible to modify the combat helmet for combat swimmers and to equip e.g. with an underwater pistol. The term combat helmet is intended to be understood in the sense that the head shape adapted frames or the like. fall under it.

If the weapon system, optical device or the like. At the apex of the Combat helmet is arranged, the operation of the weapon system, optical device or the like. Possible from an absolutely optimal coverage and thus the combat helmet wearer Also optimally protected against flat fire from the enemy and the effects of fragments. Further this achieves a central arrangement of the weapon system in relation to the Symmetry of the skeleton of the wearer, so that e.g. in the case of weapons with recoil the lateral torque customary up to now is avoided.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the focus is the loaded weapon system, optical device or the like.

essentially perpendicular above and near the center of gravity of the unpopulated Combat helmets arranged, whereby it is possible, the center of gravity of the equipped combat helmet brought close to the center of gravity of the wearer's head. This will make the Non-slip seat of the combat helmet when wearing and when using the weapon system favored. Since the center of gravity is of crucial importance, will hence weapons with short barrels and caseless ammunition are preferred.

For adjustment and detachable connection of the weapon system, such as one Shotgun or laser weapon with the combat helmet can have a clamping ring, Prism, half-ring arrangement or the like. Be provided. Such arrangements (also as Postponement mounts are known, for example, in hunting rifles for attaching telescopic sights common and only require a corresponding modification for the above purposes.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the helmet top Also as a launch pad for anti-tank missiles, flares, flame and smoke cartridges Or the like. Be formed.

Weapon systems with recoil can take advantage of a recoil-absorbing one Cane cradle can be connected to the combat helmet. You will combine it with tube cradles consequently expedient gas pressure loader with box magazine, gas pressure loader with belt drum, Drum weapons, rifle grenades etc.

In the case of a weapon system with stronger recoil, the combat helmet points expediently on a rear helmet support that the recoil forces about a elastic buffer or a hydraulic shock absorber on a backpack frame or the like

transfers, thereby protecting the cervical and neck vertebrae of the wearer against injury to be protected. The recoil forces are therefore from the weapon to the helmet, from the rear helmet support, for example via a rubber buffer or a hydraulic one Shock absorber on the backpack frame and thus on the shooter's shoulder area transfer. The contact of the rear helmet support with the contact surface on the upper one The shooter reaches the end of the backpack frame, e.g. by slightly bending the Upper body while at the same time laying back the head when the target is grasped is and should be shot at.

The trigger mechanism can come from one of the masticatory muscles and / or manually operated hydraulic or electrical device for operating the Trigger or the ignition device of the The weapon system The transmitter of the hydraulic device can, for example, be a water-filled rubber lens or The like. Which via a pressure line on the inside of the combat helmet with e.g. a servo device for actuating the trigger of the weapon is in connection. If the ignition, e.g. of a propellant charge, takes place electrically, the required electrical energy can be supplied e.g. by a small dynamo, which is powered by a Chewing movement or is operated by hand at the moment the shot is fired. Alternatively can the electrical energy for the necessary ignition sparks also from a battery are supplied, in whose circuit there is also a chewing motion, for example actuatable switch is switched on.

The sighting device can be a double telescopic sight in prism, fiber optic or plastic fiber version, which has an eyepiece with crosshair and graticule for aiming and is arranged under the weapon system. The telescopic sight can with high twilight performance, high magnification and on the required The interpupillary distance can be designed to be adjustable.

Lighter visor devices that are more robust against the effects of the weather are the glass fiber visor optics or fiber optics made of plastic. The sighting device can also be designed as a night vision device or as an electronic visor.

The parts protruding into the wearer's field of vision are expedient of the double telescopic sight designed to be folded away laterally, so that when the Wearers of the combat helmet do not need the weapon system or the binocular sight, Do not restrict the wearer's field of vision It is also possible, to provide a single or additional rear sight between a position of use and a storage position pivotable and arranged under the weapon system is. The diopter sight is usually only used while the wearer is moving in the field used outside of coverings or vehicles. In this case those are above mentioned parts of the double telescopic sight folded away and the diopter sight is locked in the position of use. In the custody position it can be protected are in a corresponding recess on the combat helmet. The diopter sight can suffice with a cheaper version of the combat helmet as the sole visor optics.

A further development of the invention is characterized in that that the combat helmet has a gas-tight arranged viewing window, a sealing frame, which hermetically encloses at least the face part of the wearer, means for the supply of fresh air or oxygen and for the discharge of used air Breathing air, possibly also a feeding line to the wearer's mouth and hearing protection and a voice radio device. Such a combat helmet can when used Appropriate materials, which are also heat-resistant, are effective against the carrier atomic, biological and chemical substances as well as against fire-fighting substances (ABCB protection) protect, but also against harmful detonation or launch bangs.

The previous inadequate filter mask protection against the above warfare agents is thereby advantageously avoided. The radiotelephone equipment comprises at least one in the hard hat (approximately in the temple area) arranged microphone and a receiver behind the auricle, which is connected to the transceiver via cable are connected in a backpack frame, which is also the power supply for this Plant contains. The volume control and speech switch of this facility are convenient in a hand-operated version. A flexible supply hose can be inside the helmet connect with gas-tight containers in the backpack frame. In it can electrical Cables for radiotelephony and other electrical devices of the helmet, as well as a Hose for fresh air or oxygen supply and another hose for the Transport of liquid food from a pressurized container to the helmet wearer's mouth be relocated. A gas-tight integration of this proves to be particularly advantageous Combat helmet offering ABCB protection into an ABCB overall protective suit.

The viewing window, for example by means of a clamping lever, is advantageous the combat helmets used, so that it can be removed very quickly and easily if necessary Combat helmet can be separated and removed.

The invention will then be described with reference to the drawings of an exemplary embodiment explained in more detail. 1 shows a schematic side view of a combat helmet with a firearm and a sighting device according to the invention; Fig. 2 a Front view of the combat helmet shown in Figure 1; Fig. 3 a Minimal outline of a marksman with a conventional shoulder weapon behind one Cover while aiming and firing and Fig. 4 is still behind cover visible part of the firearm and sighting device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 during an observation, aiming or fire process.

The combat helmet 10 in a very light, heat-resistant design, e.g. made of appropriate plastic, steel or light metal also has a heat-resistant one Viewing window 11, which by means of two clamping levers 12 is gas-tight, but detachable in the combat helmet is held, which for this purpose on its inside a corresponding Includes groove ring with sealing strip. One on the inside of the combat helmet 10 extending sealing frame 13 sealingly encompasses the face portion of the wearer. In detail, the sealing frame 13 runs on the forehead, temple, ear, neck and lower jaw part of the wearer over and carries together with an elastic Neck strap 14 and two lateral spring-loaded adjusting screws 15 are also included, to ensure a non-slip fit of the combat helmet 10. The combat helmet 10 has also a neck and neck protection 16, through which a flexible supply hose 17 is guided upwards into the sealed helmet part. This supply hose 17 contains mines not shown rubber hose, which is connected to a not shown, pressurized oxygen tank in the backpack frame 28 is in communication. This supplies the mentioned helmet part and thus the wearer of the combat helmet oxygen via a non-return valve (not shown) on the inside of the combat helmet. the Used breathing air is released through the side non-return valves a8, which are controlled by the exhalation pressure open, ejected. But it is also possible to use the supply hose instead of oxygen 7 Introduce fresh air into the sealed helmet part through a dust and smoke filter.

The fresh air duct inside the combat helmet is chosen so that fogging of the inside of the viewing window does not occur.

The supply hose 17 also contains the necessary not shown Electric cable for connecting the energy source and the transceiver system in the backpack frame with the sensors, microphones, headphones, selectons installed inside the helmet, the microcomputer and other devices; it also includes a hose, not shown as a connection between a pressure vessel (not shown) with liquid food in the backpack frame and the helmet wearer's mouth.

At the apex of the combat helmet 10 is a so-called recoil-absorbing Cradle 19 arranged for receiving a firearm 20, the magazine container 21 is on the back of the combat helmet 10. The arrangement of the firearm 20 is so taken that their barrel 21 in the direction of view of the wearer and parallel to a Sighting device in the manner of a double telescopic sight 22 in prismatic design runs, of which an eyepiece is provided with crosshairs and graticule. The parts 23, which contain the two eyepieces, are on the side via corresponding hinges 24 foldable, as indicated in Fig. 2 in dashed lines. In the one shown in FIGS The position of use shown lock the two parts 23 on the front part of the combat helmet 10 a.

In their laterally folded away position they are also by appropriate conventional locking means (not shown) fixed. This double telescopic sight 22 enables the target response and the direction of the firearm 20 to the target. Their release " Mechanism can e.g. consist of a hydraulic servo device to operate the Deduction of the firearm 20 exist, of which in Figs. 1 and 2 only the pressure generator 25, which the wearer can easily operate between his teeth.

If cocking a firearm is necessary, it can be done by hand, e.g. before a mission or before putting on the combat helmet 10. Securing or unlocking the firearm can also be done by hand by pressing a lever not shown happen.

For the transmission of the recoil forces of the firearm 20 to the upper Part of the backpack frame 28 are a rear helmet support 29 and an elastic one Buffer 30 is provided.

The combat helmet 10 also has a hearing protection device 26, for example two electrically controlled Selektone, as well as a radio device, not shown whose main parts (transmitting and receiving system including power supply part) are housed in the backpack frame. In addition, the combat helmet wears 10 Diopter sight 27, which is between a use position and a storage position (shown in Fig. 2) can be pivoted. In both positions that is Rear sight fixed by conventional locking means.

A comparison of FIGS. 3 and 4 shows the advantages of the invention very much see clearly. While according to Fig. 3 when the usual striking a rifle a shooter in cover is exposed to a considerable extent so that he can be injured by flat fire or shrapnel, the invention (Fig. 4) enables the observation, aiming and firing of a shot actually from full coverage and thus offers optimal protection of the Protect against flat enemy fire and shrapnel. The inventive Combat helmet thus facilitates infantry combat and the use of law enforcement officers, in which he struggled with the "struggle that has always been aimed for, but has not yet been realized out of total cover ", without being able to be clarified and without a goal to bid for flat fire of the opponent allows.

The resulting increase in combat value leads to a decisive one Superiority of the soldier or police officer equipped with this combat helmet his opponent, who can only work from a partially covered position.

Instead of a firearm according to the embodiment can with The same advantage, for example, a range finder or a camera on the combat helmet be arranged to take appropriate measurements out of actual full coverage or make recordings.

Observations and measurements can be carried out, for example, in a small computer (not shown) encoded in the combat helmet, electronically stored and then optionally Retrieved and evaluated by radio from a remote control center for data acquisition will. Keys 270 for data entry can be different depending on their function palpable shape at a point of the combat helmet that is easily accessible by hand 10 be arranged.

To determine the location for the purpose of target acquisition and transmission to others can also accommodate a not shown north-facing minimized top in the combat helmet which can be connected, for example, to the small computer (not shown).

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Claims (13)

Claims 1.) Combat helmet for soldiers, police officers or people with similar tasks, which in use from a cover of firearms, Anti-tank missiles or the like, range finders, cameras or similar devices Make use, characterized in that the non-slip attachable combat helmet (10) or the like. On its upper side a from the carrier via a trigger mechanism (25 us) actuatable weapon system (20) arranged in the viewing direction, an optical one Device, such as a range finder, camera or the like., And on its front one from the top of the helmet reaching down into the field of vision of the wearer Carrying sighting device (22, 23). 2. Combat helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the weapon system (20), optical device or the like. Arranged at the apex of the combat helmet (10) is. 3. Combat helmet according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the focus of the loaded weapon system (20), optical device or the like. essentially vertically above and near the center of gravity of the unequipped combat helmet 00) is arranged. 4. Combat helmet according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that for adjustment and detachable connection of the weapon system, such as a shot or laser weapon with the combat helmet on the top of the combat helmet a clamping ring, prism, Half-ring arrangement or the like. Is provided. 5. Combat helmet according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the top of the helmet serves as a launching ramp for anti-tank missiles, flares, Flamm °, smoke cartridges or the like. Is formed. 6. Combat helmet according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that weapon systems (20) with recoil via a recoil-dampening cradle (19) the combat helmet (10) are connected. 7. Combat helmet according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that with a weapon system with stronger recoil, the combat helmet is a rear one Has helmet support that the recoil forces about an elastic buffer or Transferring a hydraulic shock absorber to a backpack frame or the like. 8. Combat helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger mechanism from one of the masticatory muscles and / or manually actuated hydraulic or electrical device for operating the trigger or the ignition device of the weapon system consists. 9. Combat helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the visor device (22, 23) a double telescopic sight in prism, glass fiber or plastic fiber design and an eyepiece with reticle and reticle and under the weapon system is arranged. 10. Combat helmet according to claim 9, characterized in that the in the field of view of the wearer protruding parts (23) of the binocular sight laterally are designed to be folded away. 11. Combat helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that a single one or an additional diopter sight (27) is provided between a position of use and a storage position pivotable and arranged under the weapon system is. 12. Combat helmet according to one or more of the preceding claims with viewing window, characterized in that the combat helmet is a gas-tight Viewing window (11), a sealing frame (13), the at least the face part of the carrier hermetically sealed, means (17, 18) for the supply of fresh air or oxygen and for that. Discharge of used breathing air, if necessary. also a feed line to the wearer's mouth as well as hearing protection (26) and radio communication equipment having. 13. Combat helmet according to claim 12, characterized in that the viewing window (11), for example by means of a tensioning lever (12), is detachably inserted into the combat helmet (10).