DE2614495A1 - Aq. anti-bacterial compsn. for cereal grains - of high moisture content, contains a cationic or anionic surfactant to aid penetration of the grains by the preservative - Google Patents

Abstract

Compsn. used to preserve cereal grains of high moisture content (i.e. >=18%) contains (a) water, (b) formic, acetic, propionic, or phosphoric acid and (c) a cationic or anionic surfactant, e.g. an Na alkyl sulphoethanolamine, an ammonium alkylaryl polyether sulphonate, its Na homologue or a sulphonated fatty acid. The presence of (c) aids penetration of the grains by (b) and their permeation. Application may thus be simply by spraying.

Description

Preservation method for moisture

Containing Cereal Grains The present invention relates to a method of preservation For cereal grains with a high moisture content as a result of a high moisture content are susceptible to bacterial destruction. The proposed according to the invention The method consists in treating the grains with a certain mixture an acid and a surface active agent (surfactant).

In US-PS 082 653 is the use of a surface-active Using (surfactant) in combination with propionic acid as a conditioning lubricant described for softening a mass of uncomminuted cereal grains. Essentially a mixture of liquid lecithin, Propionic acid and water used. The propionic acid is used to reduce the pH value of the lecithin and makes the lecithin dispersible in water.

The present invention is different from that in the aforesaid The method described in the patent specification for several reasons. For the first trade t it is not the case in the method described in the patent mentioned the conservation cereal grains with high moisture content. To the the second is the presence of a natural amphoteric in the known method surfactant (Iteeithin) required, while according to the invention - like will emerge from the following description - a synthetic organic cationic or anionic surface-active agent (surfactant) is required, the expansion factor of the acid in the mixture used according to the invention is included to increase. Nonionic or amphoteric surfactants, on the other hand, are for not suitable for the purposes of the present invention. Third, you ask Leisen of the cited patent states that the propionic acid used for dispersing of the lecithin is used, while in the present invention the surfactant is the only one The task of the acid contained in the agent according to the invention in the moisture-containing To "disperse", i.e. finely distribute, cereal grains to preserve them.

Finally, in the process described in said US Pat 0.11 kg of acid per ton of cereal grains is used, whereas in the present invention Herbalich more acid is used per ton of grain. The one in the US PS The amount of acid used in the procedure described in 3 6d2 653 is so small that a preservation cereal grains with a high moisture content could not be achieved with it.

From US Pat. No. 2,890,120 there is also a method of preservation edible plant material, e.g. fruits and vegetables, which are destroyed by enzymes can, known. The method described is based on the vegetable INterialien applied a mixture, which of at least one acid, a volatile oxygen-containing organic solvent and a surface active agent or surfactant consists. The method described in the latter US patent is different of the method according to the invention in at least two points. Become the first the plant materials disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,890,120 the speech is destroyed by enzymes, whereas the pumpkin products according to the present invention are subject to destruction by bacteria, due to the high moisture content, that they exhibit. Second, in the method according to US-PS 2 d90 120, the property a volatile oxygen-containing organic solvent is required, for two reasons: 1) the penetration of acid a through the cell walls and to facilitate ilembrane in the plant material and 2) to achieve a synergistic effect with the other components of the solution used to achieve the Increase inactivation of enzymes. According to the invention, the use of a volatile Oxygenated organic solvent not only not required, but even detrimental for their purposes.

The object of the present invention is therefore to propose a method which is suitable for pre-serving cereal grains with a high moisture content.

The subject of the invention is therefore a method, ei welohem A preservative is applied to the moist grains which essentially consists of: (1) a food-safe organic Acid or phosphoric acid and (2) a synthetic organic cationic or anionic surfactant, which prevents the acid from penetrating into the high-moisture content Cereal grains facilitated, so that the latter is preserved. I4it This effect cannot be achieved by non-fouling or aniphoteric surfactants.

Under "food grade organic acids" are in the present Relation common organic acids understood that for food products allowed are.

The term "hoch-feuchtigkcitshaltig" with reference; on cereal grains indicates that it is si @@ at the cereal grain, the moisture content at 18 @or is above.

Regarding the food-grade organic acids, @@@@ according to your finding are drawn into costume include amcic acid, acetic acid, proponic acid and lactic acid. Among these, pronionic acid is used in particular, and not only has the usual acidic effect, but also an effective fungicide is what edches the preservative power of the mixture used according to the invention reinforced. However, any other food-safe organic acids can be used that are approved in the "GRAS list" of the AMERICAN FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, may be used if necessary.

The Konnentrationen in which the acids and the surfactants in the invention used mixture are present, can vary within wide limits, depending on the moisture content of the treated grains. However, certain general Guidelines are followed.

For a ton of grains with a moisture content of 2 - have the following concentrations of the active constituents of the mixture have been found to be useful: (1) Acid: +, 5 kg (2) Surfactant: 0.9 kg For one ton of grain with a moisture content of 15%, the following concentrations of active ingredients are suitable: (1) Acid : 1.1 kg (2) surfactant: 0.52 kg.

In the examples given above, the formula with a Moisture age of 25% a moisture content of 12 2%, inactive. The active water content in these grains is actually c 13 # (25-12%).

Correspondingly, the grains have a moisture content of 15% of the active moisture content is 3% (10-12%).

Grains with a moisture content of 15% are therefore required 3/13 or - "rob estimated - 1/4 the amount required for grains with a moisture content of 25 # is required. These considerations require perfect mixing conditions. In practice it may be necessary to use an inert diluent. It can be assumed that, based on the guidelines given above, the A person skilled in the art is readily able to carry out the invention Procedure to calculate the required amounts of acid and surfactant in individual cases, by simply determining the moisture content of the grains to be treated and the amount of each active residue proportional to those given above Guidelines calculate. It is not required for the purposes of the invention to use a specific cationic or anionic surfactant.

This means that practically all known compounds of these can be used Kind; be used. However, the ones listed below have become commercially available Surfactants have proven to be particularly useful (without this enumeration, ie already said, there should be a restriction to the means mentioned): all sodium alkylsulfonethanolamines, all ammonium or sodium alkylaryl polyether sulfonates (Triton), all long-chain Sulphonates, all alkylarylsulphonates, all sulphonated fatty acids, all sodium sulphosuccunates. Specific examples among the types of surfactants mentioned above are: nadrium dodecylsulfonethanolamine, Ammonium dodecylbenzo polyether sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene polyether sulfonate, dodecyl sulfonate, Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sulfonated myristic acid, sulfonated Palmitic acid, sulfonated stearic acid and di - (- ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate. These and other cationic and anionic surfactants used for the purposes of the invention useful can be found in the work by Sisley and Wood entitled "ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURFACE AKTIVE AGENTS ", published by Chemical Publishing Company, New York, New York (1964).

For the purposes of the invention, more than one food grade can be used Acid can be used, d. H. Mixtures of common food grade Acids are just as suitable as just one acid of this type.

The following explanations are intended to provide a better understanding of the serve the present invention.

The present invention is based on the finding that food grade Acids for preserving high-moisture cereal grains, e.g. corn kernels or any other cereal grains can be used. In this use however, it will give a sample because the acid alone is usually insufficient can penetrate into the horns, so that a satisfactory preservation effect is not achieved.

The present invention is based on the surprising finding that by simultaneous use of a common food grade acid and the penetration of a synthetic organic cationic or anionic surfactant the acid in the high-moisture grains can be relieved so much that the acid under the action of the surfactant completely removes the moisture-containing grains penetrates and thus ensures conservation of the same.

When using it, you simply determine the amount to be treated Cereal grains and the moisture content of the grains. The amount of moisture that contained in a particular grain can easily be carried out using methods known to those skilled in the art On the basis of the values obtained in this way, the mixtures are determined in accordance with the present Invention made by combining the essential components. The won Mixtures are made on the moisture-containing cereal grains with any suitable medium, e.g. by spraying, until the same is done with the medium are.

The examples which now follow serve to further illustrate the invention.

Example 1 In this example with its two parts A and B. the "propagation factor" explained in connection with the inventive Mixtures is discussed.

Part A Penetration or penetration speed of the acid by the mass of the grains. "Propagation factor" approach inches or cm per hour Inch cm 50% - Propionic Acid 5.0 12.7 50% - Mixture of Propionic Acid (6o) and Acetic Acid (40 ») 5.1 13.0 50% - acetic acid 5.2 13.2 50% - propionic acid and 1 / sodium alkylsulfonethanolamine * 7.5 19.1 Each of the above approaches was made with distilled water except for diluted the required percentage. 35 mm Pyrex tubes were used for the tests (Special manufacture) used.

The high-moisture grain (25%) was filled into the pipes, at 0.35 kg / cm2 per 2.5 cm level (5 lbs per square inch per inch). All Tests were run at 210C (70 ° F). The above values only apply for the particular approach used from corn, so are not absolute and change deal with the amount of attrition when grinding.

Part B Penetration or penetration rate of the acid through the grain core, "absorption factor" The following values were achieved: approach percentage absorption in 1/2 1 2 4 12 24 hours 50% - propionic acid 20 24 28 28 30 37 50 s - 60/40 mixture of propionic acid / acetic acid 19 23 26 29 32 35 50% - Acetic acid 25 31 34 36 40 45 50% - propionic acid and 1/10% sodium alkyl sulfonethanolamine * 30 38 35 56 64 75 * in the tables of Part A and Part B was called sodium alkylsulfonethanolamine Sodium dodecylsulfonethanolamine used in the above comparative experiments 100 g batches of corn with a moisture content of 25% were used. The various test liquids were to an extent of 1% with the granule mass mixed. The approaches were given different time spans, as indicated at Let stand 10.0 ° C (500F). The test liquids were then sequentially washing three times with distilled water removed from the grains. Samples were tirates on unabsorbed acid; the percentage of unabsorbed Acid was calculated and recorded. These values are not absolute and apply only for the particular maize batch used; they change with the degree of Attrition on Milling Example 2 Mold Growth in Corn with a Moisture Content of 30% at 21.1 ° C (700F) The following values were achieved: approach Days 4 14 28 80 1/2; 0 - propionic acid 0 1 2 3 1/4% - propionic acid 1 2 4 4 1/2% - Propionic acid and 1/10% sodium alkylsulfonethanolamine * 0 0 1 2 1/4 ffirropionic acid and 1/10 ß sodium alkylsulfonethanolamine * 0 0 2 4 * sodium dodecylsulfonethanolamine In the above comparative tests, 200 g samples were left in wide neck flasks Stand with loose lids over water in a container at 21 ° C. The growth of the Mold in the high moisture corn was determined. The extent of mold growth was between 0, which means no growth, and 4, which means maximum growth.

Example 3 show with regard to the surfactants used according to the invention the values compiled in Table I below indicate the ability of the surfactants to increase the penetration of the acid.

Table I Tonsid percent absorption sodium alkyl sulfonethanolamine * + Propionic acid (50%) 75 ammonium alkylaryl polyether sulfonate 1 + propionic acid (50%) 79 Sodium alkylaryl polyether sulfonate 2 77 + propionic acid (50%) sulfonated fatty acid + Propionic acid (50%) 68 propionic acid alone (50%) 33 Footnote to Table 1 * Matriumdodecylsulfonäthanolamin 1.Rmmoniumdodecylbeneolpolyäthersulfonat 2. Sodium dodecylbenzene polyether sulfonate 3. sulfonated palmitic acid The working conditions were the same as in Example 1, Part B.

The values given are not absolute and serve only as an example; they change with the maize batch used and the degree of attrition, when ground. These are values determined by weight, based on the surfactant and propionic acid used.

Claims (1)

Method for preserving high moisture content Cereal grains against bacterial degradation or bacterial destruction, characterized in that that there is sufficient to exert an antibacterial effect on them Applies amount of a preparation which essentially consists of (1) water (2) formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid or phosphoric acid and (3) a synthetic one organic cationic or anionic surfactant, which is a sodium alkyl sulfonethanolamine, an ammonium alkylaryl polyether sulfonate, a sodium alkylaryl polyether sulfonate or a sulfonated fatty acid can act, whereby the surfactant in the preparation does the penetration the acid in the moisture-containing grain as well as the penetration of the grain with the acid calls.