DE2608800C3 - Process for the preparation of a dispersion from ultrafine hydrophobized particles - Google Patents

Description

40 the three-layer grid is negatively charged. For naturally occurring montmorillonite:

W ₁ Z ₃ (X ₁ Y) (SuO ₁₀ ) (QH) ₂
(W = Na; X = Fe, Al, Mn; Y = Mg)

Ca ⁺ + or Na ^{+ is} inserted between adjacent layers of the three-layer lattice and coordinated in order to neutralize the aforementioned negative electrical charges

Tetrasilicate mica is artificially produced by that one replaces OH groups of the crystal water with F atoms. B. the formula:

45

Silicates with a layer structure, such as natural montmorillonite, synthetic hectorite, synthetic tetrasilicate mica and synthetic taniolite have the property of being in hydration sources and under Formation of a stable sol can be split into ultrafine particles. In the form of these ultrafine particles The phyllosilicates have remarkable chemical activity. This is based on the one hand on the properties the ultrafine particles split almost to molecular size and, on the other hand, the electrochemical ones Properties in the microcrystals.

The crystal structure of the above-mentioned layered minerals generally has a unit cell made up of three layers, the upper and lower layers consisting of SiO4 tetrahedra, while the intermediate layer consists of octahedra of the six anions 4 (O) 2 (OH) or 4 (O) 2 (F) is composed. In Pyrophylut, two thirds of the openings in the octahedron layer of the three-layer grid are occupied by Al and the charge on the grid is balanced. μ If, in the pyrophyllite structure, one replaces part of the Al in the octahedral layer with Mg and part of the Si in the SiO.i tetrahedral layer with Al, then NaMg ₂ IZ ₂ (Si ₄ Oi ₀ ) F ₂

all Al atoms of the octahedral layer are replaced by Mg.
Täniolit has z. B. the formula:

NaMg ₂ Li (Si ₄ Oi ₀ ) F ₂

Ca ₁ Z ₂ Mg ₂ Li (Si ₄ O ₁₀ ) F ₂
or

LiMg ₂ Li (Si ₄ O ₁₀ ) F ₂ (3-octahedron type),

all Al atoms of the octahedral layer are replaced by Mg and Li.
Synthetic montmorillonite of the formula:

NaMg ₂ 2eLii / 3 (SuOi ₀ ) F ₂

is produced in a similar way by replacing the OH groups in the water of crystallization with F atoms.
Hectorite has the formula

These layer minerals all have a three-layer structure and have in common the property that the binding force between the layers is weak and the alkali ions coordinated between the layers are very hydratable. They can therefore be easily swelled and split into ultrafine particles by introducing a large amount of water of hydration between the layers. This creates a sol of ultrafine particles, the tendency to form increasing in the following order: synthetic taniolite <synthetic tetrasilicate mica <naturally occurring montmorillonite <synthetic hectorite. Since the binding forces parallel to the plane of the layer are very strong, but very weak between the layers, the split ultrafine particles have a flake-like shape. Their particle size corresponds approximately to the molecular size, that is to say the thickness is 10 to 50 Å and the particle diameter (disk diameter) 100 to 100 times the thickness. In the sol state, the ultrafine particles have an extremely large surface, e.g. B. about 100 m ² / g. Therefore, the extremely high chemical activity of the ultrafine particles is synergistically enhanced by the electrochemical properties of the crystals.

The ultrafine particles have negative electric charges on the surface and are also in Water negatively charged. Due to the electrical repulsion between the particles, they can be converted into uniformly disperse in a solvent to form a stable sol.

The ultrafine particles of the described layered The built-up materials can become articles with excellent electrical insulating properties be shaped. The articles thereby obtained are also excellent in heat resistance because they consist of inorganic material.

A characteristic feature of the parts of these layer materials is to be seen in the fact that they when Evaporation and drying of the sol without the use of a binder by the action of the van der Waals forces adhere to one another and thereby form an extremely flexible film with high tensile strength. The sol of the ultrafine particles can therefore be used for the production of films, fabrics or others sheet-like materials excellent in heat resistance and electrical isolation ability are used will.

However, the objects produced by conventional methods have the disadvantage that they have a porosity of 10 to 15% and have low tear strength. They are also hygroscopic and absorbent Water.

In particular, rehydration is undesirable Property of these objects. The polar water molecule with the negatively charged oxygen is in the Crystal lattices of the layer materials bound in the form of hydrogen bonds and thereby forms a Layer of water molecules. Because the oxygen atoms on the surface of the layer materials in the form are arranged in a hexagonal corrugated plane, the water molecules also orient themselves directly above or below the oxygen atoms in the form of parallel, hexagonal corrugated layers. The water is therefore generally referred to as "interlayer water".

This layer of water molecules forms depending on the binding force between the layers and the hydration energy another layer of water molecules on the outside. Arranged between the layers Ions form further layers of water molecules in the following order: Ca <Na <Li. The weaker the bond between the layers, the more water molecule layers are formed. Consequently the number and amount of water molecule layers increases in the following order: more synthetic Täniolite <synthetic tetrasilicate mica <natural montmorillonite <synthetic hectorite.

Sols or gels of the layer materials mentioned are extremely hydrophilic colloids, since the layer material is extremely reactive and the colloid is formed when the layer material reacts with water. As a result of these hydrophilic properties, the electrical properties of the products produced from the sol of the layer material are impaired. To remedy this deficiency, it is necessary to remove the water molecule layers from the layer material. For this you can z. B. Ions with high hydration energy, such as Li, Na or Ca, chemically remove hydrolysis or electrically by adding an electrolyte from their place between the layers. The hydratable ions mentioned are replaced by cations in the ion exchange, for example K +. NH + ₄ , Pb ²⁺ , Zn ²⁺ , Sn ² +, Ba ²⁺ , Sr ^{2 +} , Al ³ +, Sb ³⁺ or Bi ³⁺ . However, even with the ion exchange, the monohydrate water still remains.

Such an ion exchange is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,936,383, in which the production a sol of ultra fine particles of synthetic Hectorite by swelling and splitting U-hectorite or Na-hectorite in water or an organic one Solvent and the exchange of the Li or located between the lattice layers of the hectorite Na ions versus non-hydratable cations is described

However, this method of exchanging the hydratable ions for non-hydratable ions is also satisfactory not quite yet, as rehydration cannot be completely ruled out and the heat and Water resistance of the objects made from the known sol still in need of improvement is

The joint use of organic coating materials, such as bitumen or epoxy resins, and organophilic, cation-modified clays for the production of protective coatings is also known. Such a process is described in CH-PS 4 40 513, for example. Montmorillonite or Hectorh , among others, can be used as clays. In this known process, however, clays are used which have been made organophilic in that their exchangeable cations are exchanged for onium ions with organic residues, e.g. B. Dimethyldioctadecylammonium ions were exchanged.

The invention is based on the object of a method for producing a dispersion ultrafine hydrophobized particles by swelling of montmorillonite, hectorite, tetrasilicate mica and / or taniolite in water to form ultrafine particles, exchanging the hydratable ions in the ultrafine particles against non-hydratable ions, separating the water from the mixture and

J5 dispersing the particles in an organic To create liquid that can be used to produce variously shaped objects with excellent Heat and water resistance as well as electrical insulation properties are suitable. Furthermore, moldings should be used for Are made available by combining the sol according to the invention with an organic material can be produced and improved heat and water resistance, insulating properties and physical properties Have strength.

This object is achieved by the surprising finding that rehydration in still can be prevented more effectively by using the ultrafine obtained after ion exchange Particles with certain substances hydrophobized.

The invention thus relates to the subject matter characterized in the patent claims.

The binding mechanism between the layer material and that used for hydrophobization organic material differs from the traditional binding mechanism between one Aggregate and a binder. According to the invention, the bond takes place through a chemical reaction, while the conventional method is simply blending.

bo Implementation of layered materials, like natural occurring montmorillonite or hydrate! Halloysite, with organic materials such as glycols or amines, is already known. The organic materials used in the known method are

b5, however, consistently hydrophilic and polar. Under confusion Products made with this conventional brine are therefore easy to rehydrate and are suitable therefore not for practical use.

The reaction between the layer material and the organic treatment agent can be divided into two Classify reaction types: the "solvation reaction" and the "base exchange reaction".

The "solvation reaction" is carried out in such a way that one is the hydrogen of a basic residue of the organic treatment agent with negatively charged Reacts oxygen, which is coordinated between the layers of the layer material, the alkali ions are replaced by ion exchange for other cations between the layers of the layer material. The basic remainder of the organic treating agent is placed between the top and bottom lattice layers of the layer material introduced and regularly coordinated between the two. This reaction takes place because it is Bond between the negatively charged oxygen layer and the layer of the layer material very much is weak. The negatively charged oxygen layer is both above and below the layer of the Layer material arranged as an organic treatment agent compounds with a high dielectric constant are suitable, their molecule as a whole can be introduced between the layers. Such, suitable for the solvation reaction organic treatment agents are e.g. B. titanic acid esters, zirconic acid esters, silanes with a methoxy, ethoxy or silanol radical and a vinyl, epoxy, acrylic or amino radical and mixtures of /? - diketones and Laurylamine. These treatment agents are introduced between layers of the layer material in which the Ions present between the layers have been exchanged for cations, and form there coordinative conditions. In this way, the sol of the layer material is made hydrophobic and that the dried product made therefrom is excellent in heat resistance and electrical insulating property.

The titanic acid ester or zirconic acid ester used in accordance with the invention under-hydrolyzes in water Formation of fine T1O2 or ZrC> 2 particles. These extremely ■ »< > Fine particles are positively charged in water and neutralize when they are stored between the Lay the negative charges. When making a laminate from a synthetic resin and the sol a layer material which has been hydrophobized with a silane, a condensation reaction takes place between the methoxy, ethoxy or silanol radicals of the silane and the oxygen of the layer material, while the vinyl, epoxy or amino radicals of the silane react with the synthetic resin and crosslink it accelerate, so that the connection between the layer material and the synthetic resin is strengthened and the Adhesion strength can be improved.

During the reaction between the layer material and a mixture of jS-diketones (e.g. acetylacetone) and laurylamine, the j3-diketone is easily introduced between the layers of the layer material because of the polarity of the amine, where it forms a chelate bond between the layers. For example, the enol form of acetylacetone reacts with Al ³⁺ to form m> aluminum acetylace * - ·! -! .'nd the laurylamine is also coordinated between the layers, so that the combined use of the two compounds results in a practically complete hydrophobization of the layer material. t> 5

The "base exchange reaction" is more radical than the solvation reaction. It is characterized by that the ion exchange of the alkali ions between the layers is carried out simultaneously with the reaction will.

If a sol of untreated layer material with coordinated alkali ions between the layers is mixed with a solution of a polar organic compound, this is introduced between the layers and forms a coordinative bond. Ions such as Ca ²⁺ , Na ⁺ or Li ^{+ are} exchanged for the organic compound and a coordinative bond is formed between the layers. Those present between the layers. Ions and the water present between the layers are thus replaced at the same time, so that the base exchange reaction is more effective than the solvation reaction. Organic materials suitable for the base exchange reaction are e.g. B. hydrophobic metal chelate-like titanium amides or zirconamides and cationized silicone oil.

The sol according to the invention composed of layered structures Materials has the following advantages:

(a) Products made from the sol according to the invention are not rehydrated

The layer material used in the present invention is swollen upon hydration and split into ultrafine particles to form a stable sol. These ultrafine particles of the hydrated layer material have the following advantageous properties: they can be subjected to an electrochemical cation exchange; they can be uniformly dispersed in an organic binder; they can be processed into a film-like product by drying; they can be used to increase the viscosity of oils and fats; they can be adhesive and used as refractory materials. The ultrafine particles of the layer material, however, result in a dry product which, even after the ion exchange of the alkali ions present between the layers for other cations, forms a water layer between the filter layers due to the binding effect of the negatively charged oxygen on the particle surface with respect to water molecules. Since there are no alkali ions, hydration of the product does not cause splitting, but rather comes to a standstill with the formation of the water layer between the lattice layers. However, the resulting layer of water severely affects the electrical insulation properties of the product. This is based on the dipolar effect of the water molecule bound by hydrogen bonds. The volume resistance is 10 ⁵ to 10 ⁷ ohms and the dielectric strength is less than 1000 volts / 0.1 mm. These values are below the standard value for electrical insulators, in which the volume volume resistance is more than 10 ¹² ohms and the dielectric strength is more than 1200 volts / 0.1 mm.

According to the invention, the water molecules between the layers, which impair the electrical insulation properties, are replaced by an organic compound which is bound to the negatively charged oxygen. The insulating properties are considerably improved as a result, since no water molecules are introduced. The volume volume resistance of a product made from a sol according to the invention is more than 10 ¹² ohms and the dielectric strength is 3000 volts / 0.1 mm. These values are constant over time. When using a hydrophobic silicone as an organic treatment agent shows

the dry product also has water-repellent properties.

(b) The heat resistance of those made from a sheet material using sols Products will be significantly improved.

In the case of conventional laminates from one Inorganic material and an organic material can be the heat resistance depending on the proportion of the inorganic material it contains, but this is due to the decomposition temperature There are limits to the organic material.

In the case of a laminate from according to the invention with an organic material (z. B. a synthetic resin) hydrophobized layer material is the organic Material not only present between the layers of the layer material, but also forms between the platelet-like particles of the layer material from a coordinate bond, so that the The decomposition temperature of the organic material is significantly increased and the heat resistance of the laminate is increased is improved.

For example, cationized silicone oil that is modified with a higher amino alcohol usually decomposes at around 180 "C. If, on the other hand, it is introduced between the layers of lithium hectorite in a" base exchange reaction ", the decomposition point is around 35O ⁰ C. Mixture of acetylacetone and laurylamine as a water repellent between the layers of barium hectorite:

in a "Solvatationsreaktion" this decomposes at about 28O ⁰ C, while its ordinary decomposition point is 140 ⁰ C.

(c) A hydrophilic sol made of a layer material can by reaction according to the invention with a organic material can be converted into a hydrophobic sol with lipophilic properties.

The organic materials used for waterproofing are selected according to their composition. For example, saturated hydrocarbons, unsaturated hydrocarbons and halides are suitable for making particle surfaces hydrophobic, but they do not help to remove water molecules in the layers of layered materials. The organic material used according to the invention for hydrophobing therefore contains a cationized amine or is used in combination with an amine. When an organic material of this composition is introduced between the layers of a layer material, it reacts irni uicsciii.

A hydrated sol of a layered material is decomposed with a solution of said organic Material, the mixture forms a gel-like, flake-like material adhering together Shape depending on the activity of the organic material and the viscosity of the layer material used is slightly different This gel is squeezed, sucked off or heated around the water except for one remove small remaining amount from the adhering material. Then you wash the material with a higher alcohol, such as ButanoL, or fractionated to separate the water in Presence of an organic solvent with a higher boiling point than water, e.g. B. xylene. That Washed stapling material is then put back into an oil solution to form a stable Suspension dispersed. The lipophilic sol obtained in this way can be used for the production of a paint with excellent heat resistance can be used by treating it with at least one, in Solvent-soluble synthetic resin, e.g. B. an epoxy, polyester, acrylic, styrene, fluorocarbon, silicone or Urethane resin and at least one water-soluble synthetic resin, e.g. B. a phenolic, vinyl or Melamine resin, mixed. The lipophilic sol according to the invention can also be used as a thickener for oils and Fats are used.

The heat resistance of the paint prepared in this way is far higher than that of more ordinary ones heat-resistant paints. So is z. B. a conventional heat-resistant silicone coating compound flame retardant, but on contact with a flame it gradually decomposes and peeled off. A by mixing a hydrophobized sol according to the invention with a solvent synthetic resin, ζ. B. an epoxy-modified silicone resin, or a water-soluble synthetic resin, e.g. B. a melamine resin, On the other hand, manufactured paint does not bubble and peel when it comes into contact with a flame also do not separate, since the platelets of the layer material overlap in parallel to form refractory layers. Since the organic material is shielded by the platelets of the layer material, it only carbonizes between the platelets. The charred material remains between the platelets and burns not further. The paints produced from the sols according to the invention thus result in refractory materials and heat-resistant covers.

(d) When using a silane coupling agent for Hydrophobization after the solvation process can be the layer material with synthetic resins such. B. Epoxy, vinyl, acrylic, polyester, melamine, urea, polyethylene, phenolic or polypropylene resins, solid associate.

For the hydrophobization of layer materials by the method according to the invention, the organic Treatment agents usually in an amount of 10 to 50%, preferably 20 to 30% based on the Total amount of layer material and organic treatment agent used. The amount of the with the Synthetic resin mixed layer material is usually 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 30% up to 60 percent by weight, based on the total amount of layer material and synthetic resin.

The examples illustrate the invention.

example 1

Soles from stratified materials are used on the following Way made:

Sol I: By dispersing a synthetic tetrasilicate mica of the formula:

KMg ₂ IZ ₂ (Si ₄ O ₁₀ ) F ₂ ,

in which the ions between the layers are replaced by potassium, in water a 2 percent sol manufactured

SoI 2: By dispersing a synthetic hectorite of the formula

in which the ions between the layers are replaced by potassium, a 2 percent sol is produced in water
A 5 percent water-repellent agent is used

Ethanol solution of an aminoethyl-modified silane coupling agent

300 ml of the hydrophobizing agent are mixed with 300 ml each of Sol 1 and Sol 2 to obtain a Carry out solvation reaction. A gel-like cohesive material is formed in the Liquid. The gel is filtered on a suction filter and the filter cake is washed with 200 ml of butanol. A 95 percent solid material is obtained by drying the washed material. This will be 'n Filled in 50 ml of xylene and dispersed with the aid of ultrasound (28 kHz). The dispersion obtained is with 20 g of an epoxy resin (40OcP) diluted with xylene are added, whereupon the mixture is applied to a Teflon substrate brings up. The coating is dried at 30 to 40 ° C. for 10 hours and then at 180 ° C. for a further 2 hours heated to cure it by polymerization. The resulting coating has a size of 0.1 300 χ 300 mm.

For comparison, similar coatings are produced without carrying out the hydrophobization treatment and their physical and electrical properties are examined. For this purpose, sol I or sol 2 is filtered with a suction filter and the filter cake is washed thoroughly with butanol. The washed material is then dried for 2 hours at 120 ° C., a 98 percent solid material being formed. This is introduced in xylene, and dispersed, followed by it. Zz mixed with the epoxy resin and produces a coating of size 0.1 χ 300 χ 300 mm

The coatings produced according to the invention and the comparative coatings are left to stand for 14 hours in an atmosphere with 95% relative humidity and then examined for the absorbed moisture content and the electrical insulation properties 0.1% and a volume volume resistance of 8 χ ΙΟ ¹⁵ ohms or 5 χ 10 ¹⁵ ohms. The comparative coatings produced from Sol I and 2 have an absorbed moisture content of 1.2% and 2.3% and a volume volume resistance of 5 10 ¹⁰ ohms and 7 10 ⁸ ohms, respectively.

Example 2

Sols from layered materials are made in the following way:

Sol 3: A 2 percent hydrated sol is made from SynihciiSchchl Näiriuili-Täniuui of the Foriiiei:

NaMg ₂ Li (Si ₄ Oi ₀ ) F ₂

manufactured

Sol 4: A 2 percent hydrated sol is made from synthetic lithium hectorite of the formula:

60

manufactured

A silicone solution, which is produced by using a silicone oil, is used as the water repellent first cationized by introducing an amino residue into a methyl silicone molecule, which canonized Then dissolve silicone oil in isopropanol and finally with ethanol up to a concentration of 5% diluted.

200 cm ³ of sol 3 are mixed with 30 ml of the silicone oil solution obtained while stirring, while 20 cm ³ of sol 4 are mixed with 40 ml of the same silicone oil solution while stirring. After stirring for 20 minutes, coherent gel-like materials are obtained. These are filtered with a suction filter, after which the filter cakes are washed until no more alkali ions can be detected in the washing solution. It is then washed again with 200 ml of isopropanol and then, by adding isopropanol, a solution is produced which contains the coherent material as a solid in an amount of 7%. The material is finally dispersed into a uniform colloid solution with ultrasound (28 kHz).

The colloid solution obtained is poured into a polyethylene mold to form a film of 3 × 200 × 200 mm to manufacture. The film is in a dryer for 4 hours at 40 to 50 ° C, then 1 hour at 120 ° C and finally heated to 200 ° C. for 2 hours, producing a film with a thickness of 0.04 mm.

The two films thus produced are left to stand for 10 hours in an atmosphere of 90% relative humidity, and then examined for the absorbed moisture content and the electrical insulation ability. The absorbed moisture content of both films is 0.3% and the dielectric strength in each case more than 4000 volts / 0.1 mm, while the volume volume resistance in both cases is more than 10 χ 10 ¹⁴ ohms. These electrical properties are stable up to 220 ° C.

Example 3

Sols 3 and 4 used in Example 2 are used as sols. The hydrophobizing agent is used

(a) a 2 percent ethanol solution of a chelated titanamide and

(b) a 2 percent ethanol solution of a chelated zirconamide.

300 cm ³ of sol 3 or 4 are mixed with 30 ml of the hydrophobizing agent (a) or (b). After stirring for 20 minutes, an adhering material is obtained, which is filtered off with a suction filter. The filter cake has a water content of 70%. It is washed with distilled water until no more alkali ions can be detected in the washing solution. The filter cake is then washed again with 100 ml of butanol and then, by adding ethanol, a solution is produced which contains the material adhering together as a solid in an amount of 10%. Finally, the material is uniformly dispersed with ultrasound (28 kHz)

The dispersion obtained is then applied in a layer thickness of 3 mm on a polyethylene substrate applied. The coating is in a dryer for 5 hours at 30 to 50 ° C, then 1 hour at 100 to 120 ° C and finally heated to 200 ° C for 2 hours, creating a layer 0.05 × 250 × 250 mm.

The coatings produced in this way will be in a 90% relative atmosphere for 24 hours Moisture left to stand and then on the absorbed moisture content and electrical insulation ability examined The results obtained are given in the following table.

11th

(1) water absorption (%)

Water repellant (a)

Water repellant (b)

Sol I
SoU

0.1
0.3

0.2 0.4

(2) Volume volume resistance (ohms)

Water repellant (a)

Water repellant (b)

Sol 3
Sol 4

8XlO ¹⁴ 7X10 ¹⁴

7X10 ^H 7X10 ¹⁴

(3) Dielectric strength (KV / 0.1 mm)

Water repellant (a)

Water repellant (b)

Sol 3
Sol 4

4.5 3.2

4.5 2.8

example

A sol from a layered material is made in the following way:

Sol 5: From aluminum teniolite of the formula:
AIiZ ₃ Mg ₂ Li (Si ₄ Oi ₀ ) F ₂

a hydrated sol is produced with a solids content of 13.7%. The aluminum taniolite is by ion exchange of the ions of synthetic taniolite present between the layers for Al manufactured.

1000 cm ³ of sol 5 are mixed with 400 ml of acetylacetone in the enol form and then with 500 ml of a xylene solution containing 1% laurylamine (C, 2H ₂ 5NH2). After stirring the mixture with a glass rod for about 20 minutes, a gel-like coherent material is obtained in the liquid. This is filtered off and then pressed between a filter cloth to separate the water. The material is then placed in a distillation device, decomposed with xylene and the water is separated off by fractional distillation. As soon as the temperature of the device exceeds 100 ° C., the sol is removed.

1 part of the solid component of the sol obtained is mixed with 5 parts of an epoxy-modified silicone resin (Epoxy resin 30%) mixed. The mixture then becomes a paint with a xylene Diluted solids content of 20%. The paint is applied to a degreased tin plate, 1 Dried for an hour at 50 ° C and then heated to 200 ° C for a further hour, with a on the tin plate Coating with a thickness of 20 μ is formed.

Claims (5)

Patent claims: 1. Process for the preparation of a dispersion of ultrafine hydrophobized particles by swelling of montmorillonite, hectorite, tetrasilicate mica and / or taniolite in water with formation ultrafine particles, exchanging the hydratable ions in the ultrafine particles for non-hydratable ions, separating the water from the mixture and dispersing the particles in an organic liquid, characterized in that that the ultrafine particles obtained after the ion exchange with a titanic acid ester, zirconic acid ester, silane, the both Contains methoxy, ethoxy or silanol radicals as well as vinyl, epoxy, acrylic or amino radicals, titanium amide, Zirconamide, cationized silicone oil and / or / or? - diketone hydrophobized in a mixture with laurylamine 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydratable ions against potassium, ammonium, lead (II), zinc, tin (II), barium, strontium, aluminum-antimony (III) - or bismuth (III) ions exchanged as non-hydratable ions. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that there is ion exchange and hydrophobization of the ultrafine particles simultaneously with the help of hydrophobic metal chelate-like titanium amides or zirconamides or with cationized silicone oil. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispersion is additionally used with mixed with a synthetic resin, 5. Use of the dispersion obtained according to claim 1 to 4 for the production of heat and water-resistant, electrically insulating objects and coatings.