DE2552460A1 - COMPOSITE COMPONENT AND A METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Description

Composite component and a method for its production

The invention relates to a composite component, which with respect to its external appearance and its use is similar to monolithic cast concrete blocks, compared to the latter but offers a substantial improvement in terms of insulating properties and weight reduction. In other words, the invention relates to a Verbu.-rdbaueieäe & t with a hard foam core, for example made of a ürethanföl ^ mer-HartsöhauÄ, that of a shell or shell made of a hardened mixture of cement and fibers, tfie glass fibers, is enclosed or encapsulated therein and a method for its production.

Iiifölge the increased material and labor cost is AEIE construction industry to the use of prefabricated läueiüheiten barren -elements, for example as wall panels, iJeOfcenpaneelen and the like has passed. One popular form of such construction is known as "infill" construction, which uses a load-bearing steel frame that is clad with stacked, prefabricated or pre-cast panels. Such infill wall panels are usually cast from reinforced concrete and provided with a surface finish, for example with a smooth concrete surface or in the form of aggregate or filler particles embedded in the panel surface. But these plates are extremely heavy; for example, one of the

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4 χ 8 infill wall (1.2 χ 2.4 m) made with cast concrete about 635 - 726 kg, so that heavy equipment is necessary for their installation. In addition, these plates have very bad ones Insulating properties, and they are in themselves a poor vapor or moisture barrier. This one This requires further construction measures to isolate and seal the precast concrete construction elements Infill wall.

In the construction industry, bathroom elements have been improved for a long time aimed to offer advantages in terms of material and construction costs. One described in IJS-PS 3,295,278 Laminate or layered component consists for example 1 * of a preformed synthetic foam layer, 2. one or more top layers made of a hardened aqueous binder, which the construction, in which the structural element is used which gives the necessary strength, and 3. mechanical means of connection the foam cover layers to form a unitary element. The thermal insulation is provided by the synthetic foam while providing the required structural strength through the top layer (s) will*

In one embodiment is a preformed layer of synthetic foam inserted between two layers of concrete passing through openings provided in the foam layer are connected to each other by means of a large number of concrete dowels, whereby the different layers are mechanically are connected to each other. With another Aus-609825/095 6

The guide is a top layer made of hardened cement with a mechanical reinforcement made of "wood fiber" blocked by a multitude of "micro-dowels", which are created by the binding agent in surface gaps or - cracks of the preformed synthetic foam layer are formed. The so-called "wood fibers", which form the micro dowels, have a length of 35 - 50 cm.

Another proposal for a laminated insulating plate is found in GB-PS 1 030 333. Here, a pre-formed Insulating layer or ply provided on one side or on both sides with at least two Cement layers is covered, between which a glass fiber fabric layer is introduced. The insulating or core layer, which is able to absorb a static load, consists of a mixture of Portland cement, an aqueous plastic dispersion, sand and a smaller one Percentage of foam waste that occurs when sawing the foam parts arises. The top layers consist of a similar mixture, but without sand and underneath Use of larger proportions of foam waste.

One in the production of laminated panels or panels using a preformed synthetic foam core The real problem that occurs (e.g. from polystyrene foam) is the lack of an adhesive bond between the core and the top layer. According to the said US-PS, this problem by arranging a mechanical

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Locking using dowels or micro dowels forming a uniform, i.e. integrally cohesive Elements to be solved. In addition, this ÜS-PS proposes a separate binder layer for improvement the adhesion before. Included in the mentioned GB-PS the cover layers a binding agent that creates a bond with the insulating core. This is going through allows the use of similar materials both for the core and for the cover layers.

With the invention, however, a monolithic building element is created, which in comparison, for example, with the cast concrete slabs has an extremely low weight and has considerably improved insulation and vapor barrier properties offers. Since the invention uses an in-situ or foamed-in-place core an adhesive block forms between the core and the shell or dumbbell, which is stronger than any material for themselves. The chemical foaming reaction that takes place in connection with the fact that foaming takes place in a closed shell with inclusion, results in an all-round intimate adhesive or adhesive block and in a pre-tensioned construction, in which the jacket or the shell under Tension and the core is under pressure. This means that the shell and core thereby become a monolith-like structure are united, which - due to the adhesive blocking on all sides - a much greater strength

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possesses than the previously used laminate panels using preformed synthetic foam cores and which at the same time has a very low weight and excellent insulating and vapor barrier properties offers.

The monolithic composite component according to the invention consists of a core made of rigid foam, preferably a urethane polymer or rigid polyurethane foam core, which is completely enclosed by a closed jacket - it is a shell made of fiber-reinforced cement, wherein the shell about 1-40% by volume and preferably 2-15% by volume fibers, preferably glass fibers, with a Length of about 3.2-25.4 mm, preferably about 9.5-25.4 mm, which is practically uniform in random distribution are substantially distributed throughout the entire volume of the tray. The core is done by means of the in situ foaming reaction within the closed shell through the chemical reaction of the components of a foamable polymer composition which are foamed in situ under pressure and thereby forms an enclosed rigid foam core which, due to the in situ reaction, has its entire surface over the entire inner surface of the shell in an intimate adhesive connection or blocking with this stands. The in situ foaming reaction taking place under pressure leads to a component a hard core under pressure and a shell which is under tension and enclosing the core.

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The outer surface of the shell can have any surface treatment or embellishment, for example in the form of in one or more surfaces of the shell embedded aggregate particles, such as rubble or marble, and the building element can in the same way are used like cast concrete components, but with the need for heavy equipment as well the further steps to give the construction insulating and vapor-proof properties are omitted.

In a special embodiment, the composite building blocks or elements according to the invention can be produced in this way be that first an openly supported shell made of a hardened mixture of cement and Fibers, preferably glass fibers, is produced that then a foamable polymer, preferably a Urethane rigid foam polymer, is filled into the open shell, the shell with a lid part of a cured mixture of cement and fibers is sealed before the polymer begins to foam or before it fills the open shell, and then the shell and the lid part are supported and held, while the polymer foam fills the inside of the closed shell.

Since the shell or the jacket is closed, the foaming takes place inside under pressure, which together with the chemical foaming reaction to form

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an adhesive interlock between the core and the Shell and contributes to the formation of a prestressed structure. The in situ foaming within the closed Shell requires tensioning or tensioning during the foaming process, which is a dynamic expansion process. The expansion force lets the foam into the pores of the reinforced Penetrate cement shell. This condition is referred to herein as "adhesive blocking", which is what is involved penetration of the rigid foam core into the shell interior occurring at the interface is to be understood, whereby the two components due to a combination of mechanical, chemical and adhesive forces to form a monolithic Unity to be united.

In another embodiment, a rigid foam core, preferably a urethane polymer rigid foam core, is in one Shell or shell made of a hardened mixture of cement, preferably also with particulate inert Fillers, such as sand, and fibers, preferably glass fibers, included, with the shell in situ around the Core is formed around so that the mixture of cement and fibers penetrates into the surface of the core and connects to it while guaranteeing an inevitable interlocking between core and shell. the Shell contains about 5-50% by volume of reinforcing fibers with the length given above, which are arbitrary Distribution are practically evenly distributed through essentially the entire volume of the shell.

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The following are preferred embodiments of the Invention explained in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 shows a section through a typical composite component according to the invention,

2 shows a partially broken away perspective sectional view of a composite structural element according to the invention in the form of an expressway barrier or guardrail with a weighted base,

Fig. 3 is a partially broken away perspective view of a partially completed building to illustrate various types which the component according to the invention can be used for the production of a building, and

4- a process diagram to illustrate the implementation of the method according to the invention.

Preferred hardenable mixtures for practicing the invention are mixtures of cement, inert particulate filler and glass fibers which contain 5-50% by volume or more of glass fiber material. Mixtures of cement and fibers with a length of about 3.2-25.4 mm or more can be used in accordance with the invention. In addition to glass fibers, suitable fibers are also organic and inorganic synthetic fibers, such as Dacron, nylon, graphite and the like. Suitable inert, particulate fillers are, for example, sand, pumice stone, stone dust and the like.,

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and these fillers can be used in proportions of about 10-30% by volume can be used.

The cement-fiber mixture can be conventional aggregates, such as lime and slate (strates) to ensure water tightness and latex to achieve additional Strength, included.

Suitable rigid foams are inorganic and organic foams. Preference is given to foams that are can be formed in situ, e.g. rigid polymer foams. Rigid urethane foams are particularly preferred; these materials are known and are widely used specifically for insulation purposes. Such Foams are usually made on site by adding the reactants (a polyol and an isocyanate) are combined using the airless spray or liquid application method will. The foam formation takes place almost instantaneously and it depends on the type of foam used Urethane composition completed in a very short period of time. The density of rigid urethane foams also depends on the type of urethane composition used, but generally it is between about 0.011 and 0.072 g / cm * and more often about 0.0145-0.036 g / cm. As a result of the light, closed In addition, rigid urethane foams have structural strength due to their cellular structure. Other usable hard

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foams are polyester, phenolic resin, isocyanurate foams and the like.

According to the invention, a hardenable mixture of cement and fibers is combined with rigid foam, creating a surprisingly solid and self-supporting component
low weight is obtained, the excellent
Has heat and vapor or moisture insulating properties.

The invention is illustrated in FIG
Connection with a preferred embodiment in
Shape of a core made of rigid urethane polymer foam
and a shell made of cement and fiberglass.

Fig. 1 shows a typical component in section, but its components are shown in exaggerated proportions for better illustration. The component according to the invention has a core 14 made of a urethane polymer rigid foam (material) which is enclosed or encapsulated in a shell 12 made of a hardened or set mixture of cement and glass fiber. The finished, monolith-like component is included
generally designated 10. 2 shows a special application in which the structural element has the shape of an expressway barrier or guardrail with a preferably weighted concrete base 16.

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An essential feature of the invention is the inclusion of the rigid foam core 14 by the outer shell and in the formation of an intimate adhesive bond or interlock 11 between the core 14 and the shell 12, preferably over the entire area of the core 14; depending on the production method of the component this can intimate adhesive bond, however, also over the main part of the interface between keun 14 and shell 12 be formed. Since the rigid foam core 14 in situ or molded in place, the intumescent urethane polymer enters all of them with filling Surface irregularities, such as pores and glass fibers protruding from the surface, a intimate, preferably over the entire area, rigid adhesive interfacial blocking between the Rigid foam core 14 and the shell 12 to form.

Depending on the intended use of the component according to the invention, the shell 12 can have a thickness in the range of about 3 »2 - 25.4 mm or more. the However, depending on the intended use, the thickness can also be above or below this Area lie. In the case of infill wall panels, the shell 12 is preferably about 6.55.9.5 thick mm. The rigid foam core 14 can also have a thickness in the range of about 25.4-254 mm, these Thickness depending on the structure in question and the one envisaged Purpose of use can also be larger or smaller

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-'12 -

can. The components themselves can be of virtually any size between very small components and up to to comparatively large infill wall panels or roof or Ceiling panels are made.

3 only illustrates a few possibilities for using the component according to the invention. There the components according to the invention correspond to monolithic components in terms of appearance and use, thereby but are self-insulating, they can be built in the same way and using the same construction and installation techniques as used in monolithic concrete blocks. The composite component according to the invention 10 can thus be used according to FIG. 3 as a wall panel or as a ceiling panel. The wall panels can here, as in the case of panels 18 and 22, with window openings or, as in the case of panel 20, with door openings be provided. Among other things, these components can also be used as interior partition or partition panels 24 can be used. Because of the low weight of this Construction elements can be used to achieve great savings in terms of the load-bearing construction of buildings. In the case of a multi-storey building with infill walls, for example, there will be considerably less Mild steel is needed to support the outer panels than when using cast concrete panels.

The outer surfaces of the composite component 10 can have any desired surface treatment or any

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Have structure or pattern that is given to them by means of the surface design of the mold surfaces or thereby can be that aggregates, such as gravel, rubble, marble chippings and the like. In one or more surfaces the shell 12 embedded or glued to these surfaces. It is also possible to use aggregates of the aforementioned type, prior to forming the shell 12, to incorporate the mixture of cement and glass fibers in order to to increase the strength and also to achieve the desired surface texture or appearance.

The example of an element shown in FIG. 1 can be produced in that first an openly supported shell 12 with bottom and side walls and one open top is formed. To this end can a wooden mold can be made, which has an end face as well as side and end walls of an approx. 1.2 χ 2.4 m large plate, whereupon a spreadable mixture of cement and 35 - 45 vol .-% glass fibers by hand is applied to the inner surfaces of the wooden mold to form the shell 12 of the desired thickness, e.g. 3.2 - 12.7 now or more to manufacture. The Core 14 can be formed in situ or in the shell by an airless spraying process until the foam becomes The top of the open shell has risen. Then the foam can be cut to size, and the remainder of the surface of the panel 12 * can be hand-finished using the same spreadable cement / fiberglass mass be applied. Through the on

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an intimate adhesive bond or blocking of the type previously described on the end and side walls as well the one end face of the shell ensures. Since the foam has already formed when the final When the surface of the shell 12 is applied, the adhesive bond on that surface is not as strong such as the in situ foaming of the rigid foam caused intimate adhesive interfacial bonding.

A flowable, foamable rigid urethane polymer foam composition is preferred filled into the open shell 12, whereupon the shell with a lid member or a plate 12 'is covered or closed, which is also made of a hardened mixture of cement and glass fibers of the desired thickness. The cover member 12 'is put on before the polymer begins to foam or the foam fills the bowl, wherein the cover member is pressed and fixed, while the polymer mass foams in the completely closed interior of the shell 12 and fills it, so that between the rigid foam core 14 and the inner surfaces of shell 12 and cover 12 'an all-round, rigid interfacial blocking is formed. As is known, a flowable or liquid urethane polymer exercises when foaming in a closed tree, such as the bowl, an outward-acting pressure from that, according to the invention advantageous to ensure and favoring an intimate interfacial blocking on all sides between the entire outer surface of the

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Rigid foam core 14 and the entire inner surface of the a hardened mixture of cement and glass fibers existing shell can be used to create a stable to achieve structural or load-bearing prestressing through the entire component.

A preferred method for producing the composite components according to the invention is based on the following of Fig. 4 described. At a first station, metal or fiberglass / polyester form, preferably with to facilitate the shaping of the product, hinged end walls and in the form of upper and lower parts, a mixture of cement and glass fiber material preferably containing 35-40% by volume of glass fibers. This mixture can be premixed dry and then mixed with water to form a viscous mass will. This mixture can then be injected into the mold spaces or applied by hand.

In a preferred embodiment, having from about 49 to 82 C warm water 95 ⁰ C and applied, for example be candied Naßzement without glass fiber material on the inner surfaces of the mold parts or sprayed, already carrying cut a covering made of endless rolling or chopped glass fibers, which on the inner surfaces of Molded parts has been sprayed or applied. The molded parts can then be set in saddle movement in order to disperse the lighter glass fibers through the wet cement and ensure an even distribution

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through the entire volume of those in the molded parts Cement layer to reach, Since the glass fibers are lighter, they rise up in the wet cement, whereby the shaking motion is stopped when the distribution is complete. Then or at the same time that can The mixture of glass fiber material and cement in the molded parts is pressed with a molded piece, to distribute the cement-fiberglass mixture inside the molded parts. If desired, can also a negative pressure can be applied to the mold walls to remove water.

When chopping and spraying the glass fibers, they can be provided with a coating, for example by being miscible with a polyester in a water Solvents, such as alcohol, can be sprayed to make the fibers alkali-resistant.

The molded parts are then transferred to a curing or setting line. When using so-called hot cement there is no need to set in the oven. Setting in the oven generally takes about 6 hours, to the fiberglass-reinforced cement upper and lower parts have become a hardened shell, during the setting time in the case of hot cement in general is 50% shorter.

Next, while the cured lower part of the shell is still supported by its molded part,

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a flowable, foamable rigid urethane polymer foam poured into the open neck, whereupon the upper part is put on before a noteworthy one Foaming begins. At this point in time, the upper part can be removed from its molded part or as a support be left in it. When the upper part is put on, the form-supported arrangement is then underneath Pressure held while the urethane polymer foams and hardens. This pressure can be achieved by means of a hydraulic platen press or other clamping device be exercised.

After the urethane polymer foam has hardened and the shell is filled and an all-round solid, adhesive Interface blocking between the rigid foam core and the inner surface of the shell is established Plate from the lower molding and the upper molding, if this has not already been removed is taken out.

Subject to the removal of the molded part or the molded parts, the composite panel is available for use or for attachment ready for a surface refinement. Preferably, the surfaces of the plate after a electrostatic coating process an insulating or primer such as polyester type, applied. While the plate itself is practically watertight, the application ensures this insulating or Primer so that the plate is waterproof

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retains its ability. If desired, the plate can also for this isolating or priming agent application or in its place painted, stained or with others Coatings are provided, for example to enable graffiti to be easily wiped off. It has also been shown to be an isolating or primer when applied in thick layers is also used to attach aggregate or aggregate to a plate surface to give it a surface refinement to lend, can be used.

Components with preformed cores can be produced by inserting an insert or punched piece (blank member) with approximately the surface of a plate and with a smaller perimeter than the shape in the ground a form of the desired configuration is inserted. Then a core element made of polyurethane foam is applied this insert is placed, whereby this core has approximately the same shape or size as the insert, i.e. it is smaller than the mold space »A damp mixture of cement and 1 - 40% by volume of glass fiber material is then preferably in a temperature of 49 - 93 C, for example, applied to the top and the four side faces of the core. After setting, the shape is removed, * the half-finished plate turned over and the insert removed. The top of the plate is then in the Formed in such a way that the empty space occupied by the insert is filled with the same damp mixture, that can then set. When shaping the top

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the shell on which the insert was previously located, It is essential that the damp cement-glass fiber mixture is from the top to over the already formed sides extends down. This creates a good bond between the previously formed shell part and the shell top guaranteed, which is based on the fact that the stiffening or reinforcing function of the Fiberglass comes into play in this way. Pulling down over the side surfaces can be done by spreading or trowelling, the material generally extending about 25-50 mm or more over the side surfaces extends and extends from about 1/8 to 1/2 of the shell thickness corresponding to a thickness Tapered feather edge.

A preferred modification of the method described above is to wet a layer before To apply a mixture of cement and 1-40 vol .-% glass fibers to the bottom of a mold, a foam core with smaller dimensions than those of the mold space in this place, the same moist mixture in the side Bringing in gaps and applying them to the top and then shaking the entire assembly. Before the bottom layer is applied, glass fibers alone can first be introduced into the mold (and then only wet cement is used) and then poured into the side gaps and on top des Eerns to be hung up before the rest of the

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Cement is poured in. As a result of the shaking movement, the lighter glass fibers rise in the wet or damp Cement upwards so that they spread evenly through the bowl.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the transition between the open shell 12 and the lid part 12 ', as shown, approximately at an angle of 45 ° be beveled; Optionally, any combination of right angles, including an insert or an overlap configuration. At the point where the two parts 12 and 12 'are assembled according to FIG. 1, the mutually adapted edges can define a small gap, thus the foamable polymer during the foaming process can enter this gap.

Of course, numerous modifications of the composite components described are possible without the need The scope and principles of the invention are deviated from. For example, the rigid foam core 14 can be used of fabric or spun sieve or grid material and of braided layers made of synthetic fibers or Metals are reinforced, and if desired can Pre-tensioning techniques are used. As mentioned, one or more outer surfaces of the shell 12 can be provided with a any desired surface refinement or a desired structure or pattern can be provided, or inorganic aggregates such as gravel, broken

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stone, marble quarry or chippings and the like., into this Surfaces are embedded. With regard to the surface texture or structuring, it can be said that the outer surface of the shell 12 adapts to the surface of the mold space, so that hereby desired Effects such as a wood grain effect and the like can be achieved. The shell 12 can also with cast mounting or construction clips and / or grooves are formed.

As mentioned, the composite component according to the invention can can be used and installed in the same way as conventional building elements, for example infill wall panels or panels, but with considerable weight reduction and thus simplified installation measures. Due to the significantly improved heat and water vapor and moisture insulation properties of the components according to the invention no further measures need to be taken in order to achieve a corresponding To ensure insulation, as is required in the previously used components.

For ceiling panel or wall installations, an elastomer that cures at room temperature, e.g. a silicone elastomer, for the butt joint can be used between adjacent components, and the overall assembly can be made with a coating a suitable elastomer. Here-

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a shock-proof construction is guaranteed, which is also able to record movements or displacements that occur later, for example in the Setting a building will occur after construction.

Ba the composite structural elements according to the invention in comparison to the conventional monolithic cast concrete structural elements are extremely light, fewer load-bearing elements are required, for example one of the inventive To carry building panels made infill wall or a similar roof or ceiling. For example a cast concrete building element of about 1.2 2.4 m in size weighs about 635 - 726 kg, while a comparable building element According to the invention, depending on the thickness of the shell 12 Weight of only about 4-5.4 - 68.0 kg. Through this Great savings can be made not only in terms of the amount of work involved in installation, but also in terms of achieve the strength requirements of the load-bearing structure.

In addition to the shapes according to FIGS. 2 and 3, the component according to the invention can also be in the form of insulated Pipes and pipelines, railway sleepers, prefabricated or modular walls and even load-bearing ones Component panels are produced, the lines for utilities, window frames, Door frames and the like. May contain. In addition, '"; to point out that the composite building board according to the invention as a result of the inclusion of the rigid foam core

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is buoyant; this property can be beneficial be used for the construction of floating docks and shipyards as well as coastal drilling platforms or islands.

It is known that a 3 * 2mm or 6.35mm thick now Coating of a hardened mixture of cement and fiberglass material on the body lying under the coating confers acceptable fire safety. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, therefore Urethane polymer rigid foam elements imparted satisfactory fire safety or resistance by a laminate of a layer of rigid urethane polymer foam made with an outer coating of a hardened mixture of cement and glass fibers will.

Foamable urethane compositions containing urethane polymer or rigid polyurethane foams have a wide variety of chemical and physical properties available in the stores. Such compositions generally contain an isocyanate component with reactive Isocyanate groups, a polyol component with one or more polyols, catalytic agents, and preferably one flame or fire resistant Agents like trichlos monofluoromethane. Typical properties of commercially available rigid urethane polymer foams are listed in the table below.

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Typical properties of Ur et hanhart foam.

Density compressive strength pressure module shear- shear module

(g / ciir ⁵ ) ability (kg / cm ² ) (kg / cm) (kg / cm ² ) (kg / cm ² )

ASIM D ASTM D 1621 ASTM D 1621 1622

0.011-0.0145 1.41-4.22 28.1-141 1.41-3.52 17.6-38.7

0.0146-0.218 2.46-6.68 56.2-24.6 2.11-4.92 24.6-56.2

0.022-0.327 3.52-13.0 105-422 3.16-8.79 35.2-91.4

0.033-0.509 7.03-24.6 267-844 5.27-12.7 59.8-141

0.051-0.073 14.1-42.2 352-1410 8.79-19.3 91.4-211

Usable foamable urethane compositions are by the Witco Chemical Corporation, New Castle, Delaware / USA, and Owens-Corning Fiberglass Corp., Toledo, Ohio / USA.

In summary, the invention provides a monolith-like composite component, such as a wall panel or panel, created with a core made of rigid foam, which is in a shell or a shell made of fiber-reinforced cement is included. The composite structural element can be manufactured in such a way that a resting or supported, open shell is made from a hardened mixture of cement and fibers into the open Shell is filled with a polymer which foams into a rigid foam, the open shell with a lid part made of a hardened mixture of cement and glass fibers

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is closed and then the lid part is held in place, while the polymer foam Fills the inside of the closed shell.

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Claims (30)

Claims f 1. iVerbundbauelement, characterized in that there is a Has rigid foam core, which is of a closed Coat or a shell made of a fiber-reinforced cement is completely enclosed that the shell is about Contains 1-40% by volume of fibers which, in random or indiscriminate distribution, are practically evenly distributed through im essentially the total volume of the shell are distributed through that the core is within the closed Shell produced by foaming under pressure a foamable polymer mass in the shell has been and that the enclosed rigid foam core due the in situ foaming over its entire surface in intimate adhesive blocking with the entire inner surface of the shell. 2. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell made of a cement with an inert, particulate ! Filler, such as sand, is made. 3. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell has a thickness of about 3.2-25.4 mm. 4. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the core has a thickness of about 25.4 · - 254 mm or more owns. 5/0956 5. The component according to claim 1, characterized in that the core consists of a rigid urethane polymer foam formed in situ or in place in the shell. 6. Component according to .Anspruch 1, characterized in that the fibers are glass fibers with a length of about 9.5 25 »4 Em» 7. The component according to claim 1, characterized in that it forms a wall plate or panel 8. The component according to claim 4, characterized in that the wall panel is provided with a door or window opening. 9. The component according to claim 1, characterized in that it forms a roof or ceiling panel. 10. The component according to claim 1, characterized in * that it forms an expressway barrier or guardrail. 11. The component according to claim 10, characterized in that the barrier or guardrail has a weighted base. 12. The component according to claim 1, characterized in that aggregate or aggregate particles are embedded in one or more outer surfaces of the shell. 609825/0956 13. The composite component, characterized in that it comprises a urethane foam core which is completely enclosed by a closed shell made of a glass fiber reinforced cement or -armierten that the shell is at least about 9.5 nm thick, and about 5 40 vol. - Contains% glass fibers that are randomly practically evenly distributed essentially through the total volume of the shell, that the core has been formed within the closed shell by foaming a foamable polymer mass in the shell under pressure, and that the enclosed rigid foam core due to the in situ - Foaming over its entire surface is in intimate adhesive blocking with the entire inner surface of the shell. 14. The component according to claim 13, characterized in that the shell made of an inert, particulate filler, such as sand containing cement. ' 15- Process for the production of the composite components according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that initially an openly supported shell from one hardened mixture of cement and fibers is produced that in the open shell one to a rigid foam Aüfschäumbaren polymer mass is filled that the open shell is covered with a lid made of a hardened mixture of cement and fibers, and that Finally, the bowl and lid are fixed and 609825/0956 while the rigid polymer foam will hold the interior fills the shell and adheres intimately or firmly to it. 16. The method according to claim 15 »characterized in that the open shell and / or the lid is made in such a way that first fibers and then wet cement be entered into the interior of a mold and then vibrated the mold to distribute the fibers in the wet cement will. 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the wet cement is e.g. 49 - 93 ° C warm. 18. Composite component according to claim 1 as a fire-resistant laminate, characterized by a urethane polymer rigid foam base with a coating of a hardened or set mixture of cement and glass fibers. 19. Composite component according to claim 1, characterized in that that it has a rigid foam core, which is formed by a closed shell made of a hardened mixture is enclosed by cement and fibers and by foaming a foamable polymer mass formed within a five-sided, open shell the sixth side of which has been made to close the shell over the core, and that 609823/0956 the core by means of in situ foaming within the five-sided shell is adhesively splinted with this. 20. The component according to claim 19, characterized in that the shell contains about 5-50 vol .-% fibers, which in random distribution practically evenly distributed through substantially the entire volume of the shell. 21. The component according to claim 19, characterized in that the shell consists of an inert, particulate Cement containing filler, such as sand, is made. 22. The component according to claim 19, characterized in that the shell has a thickness of about 3.2-25.4 mm. 23 · Component according to claim 19, characterized in that the core has a thickness of about 25.4-254 mm or more. 24. The component according to claim 19, characterized in that the core consists of a rigid urethane polymer foam. 25. The component according to claim 19, characterized in that the fibers are glass fibers. 26. The method for producing a composite component according to claim 19 to 25, characterized in that a open supported shell made from a hardened or tied Mixture made of cement and fibers 60982S / 0956 ■ is that a foamable to a rigid foam polymer is poured into the open shell to this
thereby to be filled with rigid polymer foam, and that
then for "closing or topping" in the shell using a curable mixture
Cement and laser a lid on the rigid foam core
applied and the lid is cured. 27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that the mixture applied to form the cover lengthways
the side walls of the tray is passed downwards. 28. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that the open shell is formed by first applying fibers and then wet cement to the inner surface of a mold
are applied and then the mold for distribution
the fibers in the wet cement is shaken. 29 · Process for the production of a composite construction element according to claim 1 with a rigid foam core which is enclosed by a shell or a jacket made of a hardened or set mixture of cement and fibers, characterized in that one layer of a wet
Mixture of cement and fibers is applied to the bottom of a mold for the component, that then a rigid foam core is placed on this layer, which has smaller circumferential dimensions than the shape and its height
is less than that of the form that a
Wet mixture, made of cement and fibers, is filled into the free space between the core and the mold walls and 60982 ο / 0 956 is applied to the top of the core to form a bottom, top and side walls, which enclose the core, and that finally the cement / fiberglass mixture is hardened. 30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that first pasers are filled into the mold and then a layer of wet cement without fibers is applied, that after the core has been inserted, fibers into the free space filled between the core and mold walls and placed on top of the core, after which Wet cement without fibers is filled or applied, and that finally the assembly is vibrated to distribute the fibers throughout the cement surrounding the core. 6 0 9 8 2 «/ 0956 S3 Blank page