DE255084C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE255084C DE255084C DENDAT255084D DE255084DA DE255084C DE 255084 C DE255084 C DE 255084C DE NDAT255084 D DENDAT255084 D DE NDAT255084D DE 255084D A DE255084D A DE 255084DA DE 255084 C DE255084 C DE 255084C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- metals
- ammonia
- alloys
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 alkali metal salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium carbonate Chemical compound N.N.OC(O)=O PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000530268 Lycaena heteronea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/12—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of copper
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
- Ju 255084 KLASSE 40«. GRUPPE- Ju 255084 CLASS 40 «. GROUP
Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 23. Februar 1912 ab.Patented in the German Empire on February 23, 1912.
Nachstehend beschriebenes Verfahren bezweckt, solche Metalle, deren Sauerstoffverbindungen in Ammoniak löslich sind, wie z. B. Kupfer, . zu lösen bzw. aus Legierungen und mehr oder weniger innigen mechanischen Gemengen abzuscheiden und von anderen Metallen, deren Sauerstoffverbindungen in Ammoniak nicht löslich sind, zu trennen.The purpose of the method described below is to treat such metals, their oxygen compounds are soluble in ammonia, e.g. B. copper,. to solve or from alloys and more or less intimate mechanical Separate mixtures and other metals, their oxygen compounds in ammonia are not soluble, separate.
In allen Zweigen der Metall- und Metallwaren-Industrie gibt es große Mengen von Abfällen, wie Bohr-, Dreh-, Hobelspäne, Abschnitte usw., deren Verwertung wirtschaftlich sehr erwünscht ist. Die Verwertung solcher Abfälle kann vielfach — wie es bei vielen Kupferlegierungen der Fall ist — durch Einschmelzen geschehen, doch muß man dabei, um die gewünschte Zusammensetzung des Produktes zu erhalten, die verschiedenen Abfallsorten streng voneinander getrennt halten, was nicht immer möglich ist. Außerdem treten beim Einschmelzen, z. B. von Kupfer-Zinklegierungen, durch Verflüchtigung von Zink empfindliche Verluste auf. Andere Abfälle, wie z. B. mit einem "Überzug von Kupfer oder Kupferlegierungen versehene Eisenteile, als Bleche, Drähte usw., können nicht gut durch Einschmelzen verwertet werden, da das Kupfer dem Eisen unangenehme Eigenschaften verleiht und infolgedessen die Stahlwerke einen solchen Schrott nicht gebrauchen können.In all branches of the metal and metal goods industry there are large amounts of waste, such as drilling, turning, wood shavings, cuttings etc., the exploitation of which is economically very desirable. The recovery of such Waste can often - as is the case with many copper alloys - through Melting is done, but you have to get the desired composition of the Keep the different types of waste strictly separated from each other, which is not always possible. In addition, occur when melting, z. B. of copper-zinc alloys, sensitive losses due to the volatilization of zinc. Other waste, such as B. iron parts provided with a "coating of copper or copper alloys, as sheet metal, wires, etc., cannot be used well by melting down, because that Copper gives iron unpleasant properties and, as a result, unites steelworks can't use such junk.
Eine Behandlung von Metallabfällen zwecks Wiederverwertung mittels Säure scheitert öfter daran, daß die lösende Wirkung der Säuren sich auf Metalle erstreckt, deren Auflösung nicht erwünscht ist. Namentlich ist die Ver-Wertung von mit Kupfer oder Kupferlegierungen überzogenen Eisenabfällen auf diesem Wege unmöglich, weil das Eisen selbst in Lösung geht, also als Metall verloren und der Säureverbrauch viel zu hoch ist. Die Elektrolyse in neutralen oder sauren Bädern gibt ebenfalls keine günstigen Resultate.A treatment of metal waste for the purpose of recycling with acid fails more often because the dissolving effect of acids extends to metals, their dissolution is not wanted. In particular is the recovery of copper or copper alloys Coated iron waste is impossible in this way, because the iron itself is in solution is lost as a metal and the acid consumption is much too high. The electrolysis in neutral or acidic baths there are also no favorable results.
Weiter ist bekannt, daß Kupfer z. B. allmählich durch wässeriges Ammoniak gelöst werden kann. Diese Lösung erfolgt aber nur bei Sauerstoffzutritt. Wollte man auf diese Weise Kupfer auflösen, so müßte das Metall, in äußerst feiner Verteilung zur Verwendung kommen, was aus vielen Gründen nicht durchführbar ist.It is also known that copper z. B. gradually dissolved by aqueous ammonia can be. However, this solution only takes place when there is access to oxygen. You wanted to go to this If copper were to dissolve, the metal would have to be extremely finely divided for use come, which is not feasible for many reasons.
Nach der vorliegenden Erfindung gelingt es leicht, die Lösung der erwähnten Metalle in einem elektrolytischen Bade zu bewerkstelligen, wenn dieselben als Anode in eine Lösung von Ammonium- oder Alkalisalzen anorganischer, nicht reduzierend wirkender Säuren eingetaucht werden, welche durch einen genügenden Gehalt an freiem (Ätz-) Ammoniak oder an kohlensaurem Ammon oder an beiden gleichzeitig dauernd alkalische Reaktion besitzt. Zweckmäßig benutzt man eine je nach dem Wege, auf dem die Wiedergewinnung der gelösten Metalle (als welche in der Hauptsache Kupfer, Zink und Nickel in Betracht kommen) erfolgen soll, mehr oder weniger konzentrierte wässerige Lösung von Ammon-According to the present invention, it is easy to dissolve the metals mentioned in an electrolytic bath when the same as an anode in a solution immersed in ammonium or alkali salts of inorganic, non-reducing acids which by a sufficient content of free (caustic) ammonia or of carbonate of ammonia or of both at the same time has a permanent alkaline reaction. Appropriately one uses one depending on the way by which the recovery of the dissolved metals (as which in the main Copper, zinc and nickel come into consideration) should take place, more or less concentrated aqueous solution of ammonia
sulfat, in welche Ammoniakgas eingeleitet oder die 'mit wässerigem Ammoniak bzw. einer wässerigen Lösung von Ammoncarbonat vermischt' ist. 'sulfate, introduced into which ammonia gas or the 'with aqueous ammonia or a aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate is mixed '. '
Wählen · wir als Beispiel der Durchführung des/Verfahrens die Behandlung von Eisenblechen, die mit Kupfer oder Kupferlegierun-■ "-geh - (Messing, Kupfernickel u. dgl.) überzogen sind; so werden solche Blechabfälle in einemLet us choose the treatment of iron sheets as an example of the implementation of the / process, which are coated with copper or copper alloy (brass, cupronickel, etc.) are; so are such sheet metal waste in one
ίο Behälter, der mit dem positiven Pol der Stromquelle leitend verbunden' ist," in den — wie vorstehend angegeben — zusammengesetzten Elektrolyten untergetaucht, während der negative Pol im gleichen oder in einem anderen, im letzteren Falle durch Diaphragma vom ersten getrennten Elektrolyten endet. Die Auflösung des Kupfers geht sofort vor sich, wie an der fortlaufend intensiver werdenden Blaufärbung der Flüssigkeit . erkannt werden kann und dauert an, bis das Kupfer vollständig von den rein und unangegriffen zurückbleibenden Eisenblechen abgelöst ist. Zink und Nickel verhalten sich ganz analog wie Kupfer, nur ist bezüglich Nickel zu bemerken, daß seine Auflösung etwas langsamer vor sich geht, so daß nach Entfernung sämtlichen Kupfers (und des eventuell vorhandenen Zinkes) unter. Umständen noch ein Teil des Nickels an. den Eisenblechen haftet.1 Das beeinträchtigt jedoch den technischen Wert des Verfahrens in ' keiner Weise, da Nickel nicht,,. wie z. B. Kupfer, die Qualität des durch Einschmelzen der ■ behandelten fAbfalle erhaltenen Eisens bzw. Stahles'verschlechtert, sondern sie im Gegenteil verbesserte ···■ Die, in: der Auflösung vorhandenen Metalle !'können auf bekanntem chemischen oder electrolytischen Wege abgeschieden werden. ,Werden nach vorstehendem Verfahren Legierungen oder Metallgemische behandelt, welche BM: oder Zinn · enthalten, - so gehen diese in Oxyde (bzw.' Hyperoxyd) über, welche in Ammoniak unlöslich sind, sich als Schlamm abscheiden und aus diesem für sich gewonnen werden können. ·ίο container which is conductively connected to the positive pole of the power source, "immersed in the - as stated above - composed electrolyte, while the negative pole ends in the same or in another, in the latter case by a diaphragm from the first separated electrolyte Dissolution of the copper takes place immediately, as can be recognized by the continuously increasing blue coloration of the liquid, and it lasts until the copper is completely detached from the pure and unaffected sheet iron. Zinc and nickel behave in exactly the same way as copper, only with respect to nickel to note that its resolution is somewhat more slowly so that all after removing copper (and, if applicable, zinc) below. circumstances on another part of the nickel. adheres to the iron sheets. 1, however, affect the technical value of the Process in 'no way, as nickel does not, such as copper, the quality of the product produced by E Melting of the iron or steel obtained from the treated fwaste deteriorates, but on the contrary improves the metals present in the dissolution, can be deposited in known chemical or electrolytic ways. If alloys or metal mixtures which contain BM: or tin · are treated according to the above process, they turn into oxides (or peroxide), which are insoluble in ammonia, separate out as sludge and can be extracted from this . ·
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE255084C true DE255084C (en) | 1900-01-01 |
Family
ID=513213
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT255084D Expired DE255084C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE255084C (en) |
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0
- DE DENDAT255084D patent/DE255084C/de not_active Expired
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