DE2547008A1 - DEVICE FOR GRINDING AND DISINTEGNATION OF MATERIALS OR FABRICS - Google Patents

Description

October 20th L 5132 - Γί

Henry BaIfour χ Co Iiirited, Le ven, ± - '± i'e Κϊ δ 4 ..ei /

orro £ britain

Device zuc Lahlen or reading integration of materials bz ::. .substances

Lie -> r find us; relates to a device for calibrating and disintegrating materials in irimary and secondary material extraneous parts, which contains a vertical housing, as well as a saniiright. -totor; of itself, radially extending from the liotur /.- elie unc. zuir. -.-- ufsciilagf: n on - \ 3S iv.aterii: l has the fi ^ ines, in such a way that an irimant part of the i ^ tr.rial is discharged to the outside in the centrifugal direction through a separating sieve, ure from a secondary part of the lat & rial to be separated, and which furthermore has passageways and outlets for the irimary and secondary material components.

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The present invention thus relates to a device for lahlen. or reading integration of materials or otopen and for the subsequent splitting or separation of the milled iv material into primary and secondary particle particles or in I-rim er and oekundarmaterial, and it concerns especially paying or disintegrating relatively dry .otoffen or materials. Seen more closely The present invention relates to machines of the so-called Bammerart, in which those carried by a ^ otor Hammers act on the Lateri & l to ... integrate it into the reading or to effect comminution, wherein the comminuted primary katerislanteil by separating means or separatoreri is discharged through.

With a well-known lueschine of the aforementioned type the primary portion of the crushed by the hammers Materials radic-1 perforated by an annular bieb led off to an annular passage, from which the separated primary is discharged below via suitable lines to a container or to a device for further treatment. The secondary part is released from the machine downwards, -is is an integral part of this machine, that one Considerable proportion of the material that is considered irimärniaterial could be used with the secondary levy dispensed

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leads -three, and this is connected nil · V - r Iu 3 te π, ^ an could derive the secondary delivery of the one integration process to a further ^ integrator, but lose njjt cie '/ er ^ e. -dun.j; of two or more separate machines a considerable capital expenditure, because each reading integrator machine is expensive in itself.

In the present invention, a number of vertically arranged electrical units or separator units are provided, each unit containing a special set of heaters which are attached to the xiotornelle, and lines are provided in the housing which serve for this purpose to lead the se ^ and ^ ren material portion given by an upper i, inheic to the Hännnersatz of a lower unit, which serves ZUK v / further L.ahlen. In the rupturing or opening device according to the present invention, the process of rupturing or opening is used in an amount of btadien or otufen or. Steps are taken and this reduces the amount of unnecessary secondary delivery. . further ^r in are the different levels or .steps are performed in a single, single machine, and this is "less costly than using multiple separate breaking or opening machines.

Additional lines are preferably provided in the housing.

the see to the primary IV-8teri6lanteil, / from an upper one

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Unit has been delivered to lead to the breaking or opening means of a lower unit.

Preferably also contains every separator unit (each modular part) a doctrinal number of hammers that extend from a vertical rotor shaft that is in the housing arranged and all units together and with drive means can be connected, extend radially away, and a removable perforated oieb (shield plate) that surrounds the .Velle and is radially removed from the hammers. Preferably the hammers are a unit v "ie a row of axially spaced apart Parts are provided on the // hurry, and they can also be spaced equally along the circumference be arranged from each other around the shaft.

At least three units are preferably provided and fastening means are expediently provided, to detachably connect each row of hammers to the viielle: as a result, any of the units can become ineffective be brought by removing the unit's hammers, preferably a full cover screen can be provided for the perforated screen area of the unit, by either covering the strainer or replacing the strainer.

The size of the 1-erations of the units can be be different from unit to unit. In particular are

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where the released irimary material comes from an upper Unity with the breaking or opening organs of a subsequent one Unit is removed or closed, the perforations the size of the upper unit is preferably larger than those the love of the next unit.

Preferably are on the final, final step for that Secondary-material closure means provided to prevent migratory Material ("trampmatsrifi") voe primary material when removing to separate the closure means.

Thus, in general, the present invention relates to a device for integrating bald or reading Materials, e.g. dry food, animal feed, EOrmerepowder or Iv-Odellpulver, chemical substances, etc., it contains a number of vertically lined up, one on top of the other breaking or opening units. Each unit contains a separate housing that can be attached to the housing of an adjacent unit, and an axial series of radial hammers, which are arranged in the housing and with a vertical rotating element that is common to all units. A removable perforable oieb surrounds each row of Hammering and primary material broken open by the hammer or has been crumbled off, is discharged radially through the screen and separated from a portion of secondary material.

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The primary material fractions of the units are discharged through a circumferential line, while the secondary material fractions or fractions of an upper unit are fed down to the hammers of a lower unit for further grinding and operation. In a preferred üuusf ührungsf orm a newspaper performs irimärmaterial an upper unit to UEs r ^ 'TMU, a lower em üiinheit for additional bare By' makes optionally individual units invalid, the device with various functional or .virkungsweisen can operate.

By performing the breaking or opening operation in detail steps or steps and not in a single operation performs, a more effective separation of the primary material fraction are carried out and there is consequently less still usable irimarmsterial with the secondary material content discharged from the device.

The drawing shows an embodiment of the subject matter of the invention in the form of a multi-level vertical Hammer mill (or a corresponding disintegrator) in top view in schematic representation and partially shown cut.

In the drawing contains a disintegrator or a mill designed for use in dry milling

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of solid materials, e.g. dry food, animal feed, iorm powder, chemical dyes and color intermediate products, etc., a vertical row of three units or modules 1, 2, 3 one on top of the other is used for 3-ahlen and for dividing the material into primary and secondary particles or parts (primary and secondary material content). Each unit contains a cylindrical housing section 4, 4 ', 4 "with radial end flanges 5" so that the connection between one housing section and the housing section of an adjacent unit is facilitated. A vertical common rotor shaft 6 extends axially through the connected housing parts 4,4 ', 4 "and is supported in suitable bearing members 6A; and each unit 1,2,3 contains a series of radially extending hammers 7 carried by the wool An annular perforated sheet 8 (sheet metal screen) surrounds the parts 6 and is arranged so that there is either a small or relatively large radial clearance between the sheet 8 and the hammers 7, as desired. An annular outlet 8A for the primary material is provided between each oieb 8 and the corresponding housing part 4, 4 ¹ , 4 ″ of each unit. Las 3-ehäuee 4 of the uppermost unit 1 carries an inlet channel 9 tfit of smaller diameter and cylindrical shape, which is coaxial with the .seile 6 and serves for the delivery of the supplied material ^ u of the innermost part of the hammer 7 of the upper unit 1 , and a guide ring 1o is

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arranged within the channel 9. Each of the units located in the kitte or below?, 3 nat a Sing 11, which coaxially ir · it the .-. ^; Elle 6 and is carried by the housing ^{sections 4 1} , 4 "with egg-shape of the ote ^ e 12; and each Hing 11 includes an upper shoulder 13 for supporting the upper 8 of an adjacent upper unit and a frustoconical inlet vanal part 14 for the axial delivery of the Secondary material portion, which has been separated or separated in one unit, to the innermost part of the hammers 7 of the next; lower or lower unit, which the inlet channel 9 delivers into a guide ring 1o. In addition, an annular connecting channel 15 is delimited between each ring and its corresponding housing part In the case of the middle unit 2, this connecting pin 15 'is of a converging shape so that the primary part of the first unit 1 is discharged to the hammers 7 of the middle unit 2, while in the lower unit 3 the i-primary part of the middle unit 2 through the connection Gskanal 15 is delivered directly to the outlet 8A of the lower unit 3. The lower housing part additionally contains axial delivery passages 16, 17 for the separated trimeric or secondary components or for the tramp material portions.

Lie H'itr.mer 7 of each unit are axially spaced from the

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■. / Parts 6 arranged and can be fixed, as shown at 7λ , or be arranged swinging, as shown at 'Yes . In addition, the hammers can be short or long, and they are arranged as individual parts arranged one after the other in equal intervals along the circumference, between adjacent hammers 7, annular flanges 19 are provided, and the hammers 7 are assisted detachably attached to the flanges by fastening types, for example with the help of long bolts 2o, so that they can be withdrawn in the usual - »iron, the fixed hammers 7-ä- can be firmly attached with the help of an iaares of bolts 2o, while the vibrating hammers 7B are attached by means of a single bolt 2o. There are also additional xiilf arms. 21 mounted in the inlet channels of the units to assist the downward flow of material to the hammers 7. A removable closure plate 22 is provided at the inlet to the secondary dispensing passage 16 of the lower unit 3 in order to separate tramp material from the dispensed Irimärmaterial portion.

A suitable drive, not shown, is available for the rotor shaft intended.

When working the "device is material that is in a Grinding unit 1,2,3 enters, repeated thrust and exercise

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forces by the hammers 7 subjected to the high Speed, and the first • ground part ("Primärmat erialant eil") is centrifugally driven by the perforated oieb 8 delivered through to outlet passage 8a, while the oekund & rmaterial share, which is caused by the oieb 8 is prevented from exiting centrifugally, is dispensed in an axial seal from the unit. Through suitable Adaptation, the device can be used in different working and operating modes and examples for this are given below.

First type of procedure

If one uses the complete arrangement described above, becomes a two-stage grinding or disintegration of the primary and secondary material content causes in the upper unit 1 and the middle unit 2, the size of the perforations of the upper screen 8 greater than or equal to? than the-Jenigjs the perforations of the middle oiebes 8 is. The οecondary component is from the middle unit 2 to lower last unit 3. for further grinding "! and the primary material content of the middle unit 2 becomes directly the irimary part of the lower last unit 3 added (the size of the perforations of the screens 8 of the middle and lower units would be the same).

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

Wandering material is separated by opening the connection bar 2 c-. removed, and the second ^r rii-atcri alanie il, which is given off by the lower unit <; ira, has been reduced to a minimum.

Second type of procedure

The upper unit 1 is put out of action, incem the hammer 7 of the unit is removed and the perforated ~> ieb 8 replaced by a full ^ ieb (sheet metal screen). One-stage Iiahlen the supplied material is in the middle unit 2, with the secondary material component is fed from the middle unit 2 to the lower unit 3 for further grinding.

Third type of procedure

In this type of procedure, the upper unit 1 and the lower unit 3 are set to normal operation, Mem ir.an the xicimmer 7 of the units removed and the perforated Sieve 8 of these units through full sieves or full sheet metal belts replaced. One-stage grinding of the material fed in is effected in the middle unit 2, with the secondary material or the rejected material no further grinding is carried out.

of the above machine according to the invention I. aterialien or substances are ground so that a

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Diaxirral delivery of irimematerial with a minimal Delivery of oekundermateriol is connected without this Iricary or secondary material externally traced back ("recycled") must be. . also know the kaschine for iwehrstuf en-iv, ahlen be used in such a way that a final -Product with 1 article less than "lüO-kaschen Grain size can be achieved without the need for external auxiliary equipment must be used for recycling too large particles, and with a minimum of final oekundariLaterial: One or more steps or tabI steps can be carried out in the same machine with one The minimum content of the final ecological material content has been preserved will. In addition, the device according to the invention is suitable for i ^ odular-ivonstruktion, such that a or more grinding stages or steps can be provided by adding standard sections under Add composed of suitable otandard rotors, whereby one depends on the size of the machine and the capital costs, which are to be used for this, optimized for a certain type of application. JJie heights of the individual sieves in each Compartment or in each ötufe would expediently be smaller than those of a conventional single-acting machine be of the same diameter.

Changes to the device are of course possible, e.g. more than three units can be used or the device could only be equipped with two

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set units. / could continue the primary material content of more than one unit Chambers of the expanding neighboring units be (with the 1 erations of love in appropriate , Veise must be reduced).

It should also be noted that units or modules with different over diameters and heights could be used, preferably with the smallest diameter and the greatest height at the top unit or the top i-

Jjie device could be used in conjunction with other machines in a continuous processing line. The device could be used to dissolve solid substances in liquid substances or to convert to grind and mix different dry materials at the same time, leaving the small space between would facilitate such procedures for the hammers and the sieves.

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Claims (6)

2 5 47ΠΠ8 Expectations nJ device for the Lahlea and disintegration of materials "or substances in! primary and .äekundärniaterialteile, which a vertical housing, which derives a vertical aotorwelle, a teaching number of radially extending from the rotor shaft and for impacting on the above öterial serving combers has, such that a ^l: rimäranteil of the material in the centrifugal xiichtung by a rennsieb outwards is discharged to the by a 3ekundäranteil be au itateriais separated and the further üurchtrittskanäle inlets and outlets for the Irimär- and öekundärmaterialanteile comprises! , characterized in that a teaching number of vertically arranged separation units (1,2,3) are provided, of which each unit contains a special set of Häirtiiern (7) which are attached to the rotor shaft (6), and that lines or Channels (15) are provided in) housing (4), which serve to 3ekundärinaterial, which is delivered by an upper unit (1,2), to the Hai iimet of a lower unit for further! elections to judge. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that additional line means (15 ') in the housing (4) are provided - 15 6 09819/0827 are to be seen in order to determine the amount of material produced by a upper unit (1) is delivered, for Hämn: replacement of a lower unit (2). 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that each unit contains a removable perforated oieb (8) which surrounds the "Velle (6) and in a radial direction is removed from the unit's hammers (7). 4-. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that fastening means (2o) are provided are to replace the urine of each unit (1, 2, 3). the V / elle (6) to be attached detachably. 5. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the last delivery passage or outlet (16) for the secondary material portion, a closure flap (22) is provided to the migrating material ("tramp-materiel") from the primary material content to separate and close when removing the closure flap (22) separate. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5> characterized in that it consists of three units (. - 16 60981 9 / Π827 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the vertical housing contains an inverse number of housing sections (4,4 ", 4"), wherein each housing section is assigned to a corresponding unit (1,2,3), and that the housing sections (4,4 ', 4 ") are stacked on top of each other, wherein fastening means are provided to each housing section with the adjacent housing section or with to connect the adjacent housing sections. 6098 19/0827