DE2542048A1 - Ammonium sulphate addn. to polyol in polyurethane foam prodn. - using finely divided sulphate, remaining self-extinguishing for longer period - Google Patents

Ammonium sulphate addn. to polyol in polyurethane foam prodn. - using finely divided sulphate, remaining self-extinguishing for longer period

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Publication number
DE2542048A1
DE2542048A1 DE19752542048 DE2542048A DE2542048A1 DE 2542048 A1 DE2542048 A1 DE 2542048A1 DE 19752542048 DE19752542048 DE 19752542048 DE 2542048 A DE2542048 A DE 2542048A DE 2542048 A1 DE2542048 A1 DE 2542048A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
polyurethane foam
polyol
sulphate
extinguishing
foam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19752542048
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German (de)
Inventor
Herbert Prignitz
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE19752542048 priority Critical patent/DE2542048A1/en
Publication of DE2542048A1 publication Critical patent/DE2542048A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04Polyurethanes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

Very finely divided (NH4)2SO4 is added during the prepn. of polyurethane foams, esp. as plates for heat- and/or sound-insulation. The foam remains self-extinguishing for a longer period. The additive is cheap. E.g. in the prodn. of the polyurethane, 80-40 wt.% of (NH4)2SO4 is added to the polyol reactant.

Description

Herabsetzung der Brennbarkeit von Polyurethan-Schaumstoff.Reduced flammability of polyurethane foam.

Polyurethan-Schaumstoffe haben in der Technik eine weit verbreitete Anwendung gefunden. Ein besonders wichtiges Anwendungsgebiet sind Bauplatten aus Polyurethan-Hartschaumstoff. Diese zeichnen sich neben ihrem verhältnismäßig geringen Raumgewicht durch besonders günstige Wärme- und Schalldämmeigenschaften aus. Sie werden aus einem Gemisch von Polyol und Isocyanat sowie verschiedenen Zusatzmitteln hergestellt. Polyurethane foams have become widely used in the art Application found. Building boards are a particularly important area of application Rigid polyurethane foam. These stand out in addition to their relatively low level Density due to particularly favorable heat and sound insulation properties. she are made from a mixture of polyol and isocyanate as well as various additives manufactured.

Durch die zwischen Polyol und Isocyanat ablaufende Polyadditionsreaktion werden Makromoleküle gebildet. Um dz zellige Struktur eines Schaumstoffes zu erhalten, wird dem Reaktionsgemisch ein Treibmittel zugesetzt.Due to the polyaddition reaction that takes place between polyol and isocyanate macromolecules are formed. To get the cellular structure of a foam, a propellant is added to the reaction mixture.

Da die Polyurethan-Schaumstoffe aus organischen Grundstoffen bestehen, sind sie von Natur aus brennbar, was bei ihrer jeweiligen Verwendung berücksichtigt werden muß. Since the polyurethane foams consist of organic raw materials, they are naturally flammable, which is taken into account in their respective use must become.

Es ist bereits versucht worden, Polyurethan-Hartschaumstoff durch bestimmte Zusätze, insbesondere durch Zusatz von Trichloräthylphosphat in Mengen bis zu 20 Gewichtsteilen, bezogen auf 100 Gewichtsteile der Polyolkomponente, weniger brennbar zu machen. Solche bekannten Zusätze machen jedoch, da sie sich mit der Zeit verflüchtigen, den Polyurethan-Schaum nicht auf die Dauer selbstverlöschend. Außerdem wird durch einen solchen Zusatz das Produkt verteuert, da das Trichloräthylphosphat teurer ist als die Schaumkomponente Polyol und Isocyanat. Als weiterer Nachteil kommt hinzu, daß Trichloräthylphosphat auch als Weichmacher wirkt, was sich auf viele Folien, die zur Flachdachabdichtung benutzt werden, ungünstig auswirken kann, wenn Trichloräthylphosphat geschützter Polyurethan-Schaumstoff z.B. als Dachdämmung verwendet wird. Attempts have already been made to use rigid polyurethane foam certain additives, in particular by adding Trichloroethyl phosphate in amounts up to 20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyol component, to make it less flammable. Such well-known additives do, however, as they are evaporate over time, the polyurethane foam is not self-extinguishing in the long run. In addition, the product is made more expensive by such an addition, since the trichloroethyl phosphate is more expensive than the foam components polyol and isocyanate. Another disadvantage In addition, trichloroethyl phosphate also acts as a plasticizer, which affects many foils that are used for flat roof waterproofing can have an unfavorable effect, if trichloroethyl phosphate protected polyurethane foam e.g. as roof insulation is used.

Es ist auch versucht worden durch feingemahlenen Phosphor die Brennbarkeit herabzusetzen (Shell Chemie, Frankfurt/Main, Druckschrift über Polyurethan-Hartschaum, 3. Aufl. Jan. 1969). Attempts have also been made to improve the combustibility of finely ground phosphorus reduce (Shell Chemie, Frankfurt / Main, publication on rigid polyurethane foam, 3rd edition Jan. 1969).

Dieses Phosphor-Präparat wird in Pastenform dem Polyol zugesetzt, verteuert aber den Schaumstoff erheblich.This phosphorus preparation is added to the polyol in paste form, but makes the foam considerably more expensive.

Es ist ferner bekannt, zur Minderung der Feuersgefahr Ammoniumsulfat (NH4)2S04 zu verwenden. Z.B. werden Vorhang-und Dekorationsstoffe in Theatern oder Versammlungsräumen mit in Wasser gelöstem Ammonium-Sulfat getränkt, so daß sie später nicht lichterloh brennen, sondern höchstens verglimmen (s. Jacobi, Technische Chemie für Maschinenbauschulen, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2. Aufl. 1920, S. 46). It is also known to use ammonium sulfate to reduce the risk of fire (NH4) 2S04 to be used. E.g. curtain and decoration fabrics are used in theaters or Meeting rooms soaked with ammonium sulfate dissolved in water, so that they can later do not burn brightly, but at most fade away (see Jacobi, Technische Chemie for mechanical engineering schools, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2nd edition 1920, p. 46).

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Polyurethan-Schaumstoffkörper auf möglichst beständige und wirtschaftliche Weise ohne Inkaufnahme unerwünschter Nebenauswirkungen zumindest selbstverlöschend zu machen. The invention is based on the object of polyurethane foam bodies in the most consistent and economical way possible without accepting undesirable To make side effects at least self-extinguishing.

Unter selbstverlöschend wird die Eigenschaft eines an sich brennbaren Stoffes verstanden, bei Wegnahme einer ihn entzündenden Flamme nicht selbständig weiterzubrennen. Self-extinguishing is the property of something inherently flammable Understood substance, not automatically when a flame igniting it is removed keep burning.

Es wurde gefunden, daß Schaumstoff durch einen Zusatz des anorganischen Salzes Ammoniumsulfat (NH4)2S04 selbstverlöschend gemacht werden kann. Da Ammoniumsulfat auch als Düngemittel verwendet und zu diesem Zweck in großen Mengen gewonnen wird, ist es verhältnismäßig billig. In sehr fein gemahlenem Zustand fügt es sich leicht in den Aufbau der Zellsubstanz des Polyurethan-Schaumstoffs ein. It has been found that foam by an addition of the inorganic Salt ammonium sulfate (NH4) 2S04 can be made self-extinguishing. Because ammonium sulfate is also used as a fertilizer and is obtained in large quantities for this purpose, it is relatively cheap. In a very finely ground state, it blends in easily into the structure of the cell substance of the polyurethane foam.

Die Erfindung besteht somit in der Verwendung von Ammoniumsulfat in möglichst fein gemahlenem Zustand zu dem Schaumstoffgemisch bei der Herstellung von Polyurethan-Schaumstoffkörpern, insbesondere in Form von Platten aus Polyurethan-Hartschaum als schall- und/oder wärmedämmende Baumaterialien, zur Erlangung der Eigenschaft des Selbstverlöschens. The invention thus consists in the use of ammonium sulfate in as finely ground a state as possible to the foam mixture during manufacture of polyurethane foam bodies, in particular in the form of panels made of rigid polyurethane foam as sound and / or heat insulating building materials to achieve the property of self-extinguishing.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethan-Schaumstoffkörpern mit einem Polyol als Schaumstoffkomponente ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Schaumstoffgemisch fein gemahlenes Ammoniumsulfat in einer Menge von etwa 80 bis 40 Gewichtsteilen, bezogen auf 100 Gewichtsteile des Polyols, zugesetzt wird. A method for making polyurethane foam bodies with a polyol as a foam component is characterized according to the invention, that the foam mixture finely ground ammonium sulfate in an amount of about 80 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyol is added.

Ammoniumsulfat, sehr fein gemahlen und mit den angegebenen nen Gewichtsteilen, bezogen auf 100 Gewichtsteile der Komponente Polyol, dem Schaumstoffgemisch bei der Herstellung von Polyurethan-Schaumstoffkörpern zugesetzt, ergibt einen flammwidrigen, selbstverlöschenden Schaum, der über einer starken Flamme zum Brennen gebracht werden kann, nach Herausnehmen aus der Flamme nur noch kurze Zeit nachbrennt und dann erlischt. Ammonium sulfate, very finely ground and with the specified parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyol component, the foam mixture added to the production of polyurethane foam bodies, results in a flame-retardant, self-extinguishing foam that burns over a strong flame can, after removing it from the flame only burns for a short time and then goes out.

Wird der Gewichtsanteil des Ammoniumsulfats auf 80 oder noch mehr Gewichtsteile im Verhältnis zu 100 Gewichtsteilen Polyol in dem Polyurethan-Schaum erhöht, so brennt wohl noch der Schaum, wenn er einer direkten Flamme ausgesetzt wird, erlischt aber sofort, wenn er aus der Flamme genommen wird. If the percentage by weight of ammonium sulfate becomes 80 or more Parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of polyol in the polyurethane foam increased, the foam will probably still burn when exposed to a direct flame but goes out immediately when it is removed from the flame.

Diese Ergebnisse des Flammschutzes machen den Polyurethan-Schaum, insbesondere Polyurethan-Hartschaumstoffplatten, mit Hilfe eines Zusatzes von Ammoniumsulfat nicht nur für weite Verwendungsbereiche unbedenklicher, sondern verringern auch dessen Herstellungskosten, ohne seine sonstigen, technisch interessierenden Eigenschaften zu verschlechtern. These flame retardant results make the polyurethane foam, in particular rigid polyurethane foam panels, with the aid of an addition of ammonium sulfate not only safer for a wide range of uses, but also reduce its production costs, without its other, technically interesting properties to deteriorate.

In der nachstehenden Tabelle werden drei Beispiele von Polyurethan-Schaumstoffzusammensetzungen in Verbindung mit einem Zusatz von Ammoniumsulfat angegeben. The table below lists three examples of polyurethane foam compositions indicated in connection with the addition of ammonium sulphate.

I II III Gew.-Teile % Gew.-Teile % Gew.-Teile % Polyol 100 29,8 100 31,7 100 25,5 Glycerin 10 2,6 Diisocyanat 155 46,4 155 49,3 200 51,0 Ammoniumsulfat 80 23,8 60 19,0 80 20,9 335 100,0 315 100,0 390 100,0 Treibgas, z.B. I II III parts by weight% parts by weight% parts by weight% polyol 100 29.8 100 31.7 100 25.5 glycerin 10 2.6 diisocyanate 155 46.4 155 49.3 200 51.0 ammonium sulfate 80 23.8 60 19.0 80 20.9 335 100.0 315 100.0 390 100.0 Propellant, e.g.

Monofluor-Trichlormethan (R 11) 35 35 35 370 350 425Monofluorotrichloromethane (R 11) 35 35 35 370 350 425

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche 1. Verwendung von Ammoniumsulfat in möglichst fein gemahlenem Zustand als Zusatz zu dem Schaumstoffgemisch bei der Herstellung von Polyurethan-Schaumstoffkörpern, insbesondere in Form von Platten aus Polyurethan-Hartschaum als schall- und/oder wärmedämmende Baumaterialien, zur Erlangung der Eigenschaft des Selbstverlöschens. Claims 1. Use of ammonium sulfate as fine as possible ground state as an additive to the foam mixture in the production of Polyurethane foam bodies, in particular in the form of panels made from rigid polyurethane foam as sound and / or heat insulating building materials to achieve the property of self-extinguishing. 2. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethan-Schaumstoffkörpern mit einem Polyol als Schaumstoffkomponente, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Schaumstoffgemisch fein gemahlenes Ammoniumsulfat in einer Menge von etwa 80 bis 40 Gewichtsteilen, bezogen auf 100 Gewichtsteile des Polyols, zugesetzt werden. 2. Process for the production of polyurethane foam bodies with a polyol as a foam component, characterized in that the foam mixture finely ground ammonium sulfate in an amount of about 80 to 40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyol.
DE19752542048 1975-09-20 1975-09-20 Ammonium sulphate addn. to polyol in polyurethane foam prodn. - using finely divided sulphate, remaining self-extinguishing for longer period Withdrawn DE2542048A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19752542048 DE2542048A1 (en) 1975-09-20 1975-09-20 Ammonium sulphate addn. to polyol in polyurethane foam prodn. - using finely divided sulphate, remaining self-extinguishing for longer period

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19752542048 DE2542048A1 (en) 1975-09-20 1975-09-20 Ammonium sulphate addn. to polyol in polyurethane foam prodn. - using finely divided sulphate, remaining self-extinguishing for longer period

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DE2542048A1 true DE2542048A1 (en) 1977-03-24

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DE19752542048 Withdrawn DE2542048A1 (en) 1975-09-20 1975-09-20 Ammonium sulphate addn. to polyol in polyurethane foam prodn. - using finely divided sulphate, remaining self-extinguishing for longer period

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0347497A2 (en) * 1988-06-23 1989-12-27 Fischer, Harry A. Fire retardant for isocyanate-based foams

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0347497A2 (en) * 1988-06-23 1989-12-27 Fischer, Harry A. Fire retardant for isocyanate-based foams
US4908161A (en) * 1988-06-23 1990-03-13 Harry Fischer Fire retardant for isocyanate-based foams comprising ammonium sulfate and a cyanuric acid derivative
EP0347497A3 (en) * 1988-06-23 1990-03-21 Fischer, Harry A. Fire retardant for isocyanate-based foams

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