DE2539310C2 - - Google Patents

Description

It is known that washed textiles, especially those from cellulose fibers an unpleasant hardening after drying of the handle. This occurs especially then if the washing was done in the washing machine.

It is also known that this undesirable hardening of the handle can be eliminated by following the textiles treating laundry in a rinsing bath with cationic substances, the at least 2 long-chain aliphatic residues in the Contain molecule. In practice have been used for this purpose especially the dialkyl-dimethyl- ammonium salts introduced. However, these products have the Disadvantage that they are in their preferred commercial form, as concentrated solutions containing a flammable alcohol and are not flowable, but a pasty consistency have and also only at elevated temperature are processed.  

It is known that certain textile softeners are used Imidazolinium compounds can use that as a concentrated alcoholic solutions flowable and with cold Water can be diluted. With these imidazoline compounds is it z. B. the methosulfate of 1-alkylamido ethyl-2-alkyl-3-methyl-imidazoline, its softening However, the effect is much less than that of the dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts.

From US-PS 23 40 881 the use of N-acyl Hydroxykyl alkylene diamines are known as textile softeners. One of the nitrogen atoms in these compounds incorporated into an amide group; such amide groups but have a reduced compared to the amine group Absorbability on the textile fiber. For this The reason is the connections according to this prior art less suitable as a fabric softener than that in following described compounds, the two amino groups contain.

It has now been found that fabric softeners based on Condensation products from 1 to 1.5 moles, preferably 1 to 1.2 mol, a fatty acid or a fatty acid ester of formula I.

R-CO₂X (I)

wherein R is a preferably saturated aliphatic radical having 11 to 21 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl radical having 15 to 17 carbon atoms, and
X is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,
with 1 mole of an alkylpropylenediamine oxalkylate of the general formula II

in which R 1 is a preferably saturated aliphatic radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl radical having 16 to 18 carbon atoms,
R₂ is hydrogen or methyl, especially hydrogen, and
x, y and z stand for 0 or 1, the sum of x, y and z being 1 or 2,
do not have the disadvantages of the known plasticizers described above.

For the condensation products from compounds of the formulas I and II are primarily those in which the R and R₁ represent alkyl groups. Because of their manufacture from natural fatty acid mixtures can also such mixtures of condensation products as plasticizers are used, which are a minor part Contain compounds in which R and / or R₁ alkenyl mean.

The invention relates to flowable concentrates of fabric softeners, consisting essentially of 20 to 35 weight percent of the above Fatty acid condensation product.

The production of the condensation products used according to the invention happens in a simple way by implementing of the alkyl propylenediamine oxalkylate of the formula II with the Fatty acid or its ester in the specified molar ratio at temperatures from 130 ° C to 250 ° C, preferably 160 ° C to 200 ° C. Depending on the temperature used and the fatty acid components used are up to 10 hours, mostly 2 to 8 hours necessary to balance the reaction to reach. With condensation in a vacuum the reaction even at a lower temperature, for example 120 ° to 160 ° C.

After the condensation reaction has ended, the melt can of the reaction product consisting essentially of a fatty acid amide be dispersed in water, either  the melt after weak alkaline to weak acid adjustment with a water-soluble strong organic or inorganic Acid is stirred into water or where the Melt stirred in water and simultaneously or subsequently the organic or inorganic acid added becomes. Coming as organic or inorganic acids especially mineral acids, such as hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, Acetic acid or oxalic acid are used. You get such a liquid dispersion that can be diluted in cold water Containing up to 35% active ingredient.

Above all, saturated fatty acids or come as fatty acids Fatty acid mixtures into consideration, the most minor Contain proportions of olefinically unsaturated acids. In front all find fatty acids from wholly or partially hydrogenated Fat use. Suitable fatty acids are e.g. B. palmitic acid, Stearic acid and tallow fatty acid. As an ester of this Fatty acids come primarily with lower alcohols, especially the ethyl and methyl esters into consideration.

The condensation products to be used according to the invention are soluble or dispersible in water. As a plasticizer for textiles they can be used in such a way that the material to be treated by dipping or spraying with aqueous Soaks solutions of these condensation products. In general is brought here from 0.01 to 0.7%, based on the weight of the textile material, of condensation products on the textile material.

The aqueous solutions or dispersions of the fabric softener according to the invention, which is generally a content from 1 to 15 percent by weight, usually 4 to 10 percent by weight, of the claimed condensation products, can also contain other components or aids,  either the concentrates of the condensation products were mixed or the aqueous solutions or dispersions or the treatment baths intended for use have been added separately. This is about are substances or auxiliaries that are already in Has used fabric softener; these include e.g. B. cationic or non-ionic surface-active substances, Electrolytes, acidulants or solubilizers as well Dyes and fragrances. They serve, for example, an additional one Influencing the handle or other properties the textiles to be treated or the viscosity setting, pH regulation or increasing cold stability of solutions.

After impregnation with the fabric softener according to the invention Containing baths, the textile material is on usual Way dried.

The condensation products according to the invention have proved to be particularly suitable as laundry aftertreatment agent. In this application, they are specified afterwards the textile wash in the last rinse bath.

The condensation products according to the invention impart any Textile materials, especially those made from natural or regenerated cellulose, wool, cellulose acetate and triacetate, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyester and polypropylene a pleasant soft grip. Particularly advantageous is the use as a laundry treatment agent for Terrycloth and underwear.  

example 1

345 g (1 mole) of an addition compound of 1 mole of ethylene oxide to 1 mole of stearylpropylenediamine and 264 g (1 mole) of stearic acid are at 5 hours with nitrogen passage 180 ° C and 2 hours at 165 ° C and 25 Torr condensed. 576 g of a yellowish-colored product (base Nitrogen 2.6%, acid number = 0) at 100 ° C with 1540 g H₂O stirred and with 83 g of glacial acetic acid to pH = 4.7 (measured in 1% aqueous solution). You get one colorless dispersion that can be thinned in cold water Contains 30 weight percent solid.

Example 2

390 g (1 mole) of an addition compound of 1 mole of ethylene oxide to 1 mole of tallow fat propylene diamine and 264 g (1 mole) of stearic acid are at 8 hours with nitrogen passage 180 ° C condensed. 630 g of a yellowish one are obtained Product (base nitrogen 3.3%, acid number 1.5), the stirred at 100 ° C with 1700 g H₂O and with 105 g glacial acetic acid adjusted to pH 4.6 (measured in 1% aqueous solution) becomes. A colorless, dispersible in cold water is obtained Dispersion containing 30% solids.

Example 3

389 g (1 mole) of an addition compound of 2 moles of ethylene oxide to 1 mole of stearylpropylenediamine and 264 (1 mole) of stearic acid are analogous to the procedure given in Example 1 condensed.  

Testing the softening effect of fabric softeners

Determination of the softening effect of the in the examples 1 to 3 of the listed connections were lacking other test methods by assessing the grip of accordingly aftertreated terry cloth.

The softening effect of a fabric softener raw material to be able to specify exactly in comparison to a standard product, the after-treated with the product to be tested Cotton terry cloths according to their degree of softness in one Series of with different concentrations of a standard product aftertreated rags classified and from it the effectiveness of the respective fabric softener with a Accuracy of approx. ± 10% determined.

Carrying out the test

The marked terry cloth (weight approx. 20 g) at 80 ° C and a liquor ratio of 1:10 with 6 g / l a commercial heavy-duty detergent and washed five times rinsed with cold drinking water. After a brief spin (approx. 3 seconds) are the rags that are now a given have a hard grip, prepared for post-treatment.

From the plasticizer to be tested or the ready-made Fabric softener is a 1% (based on active ingredient) aqueous dispersion prepared. 2 ml each and 4 ml of this dispersion are made up to 200 ml with drinking water (corresponding to 0.1 or 0.2 g / l softening agent) diluted. The prepared, put in still damp terry cloth and for 5 minutes treated at 20 ° C in a laundrometer. The fleet ratio  is 1:10. After that, the test rags are the containers removed, spun for 5 seconds, at 70 to Dried 80 ° C in a drying cabinet and then 24 hours in a climate room at 20 ° C and 60% relative humidity stored. Then the grip assessment was carried out independently by 7 trained people each.

evaluation

As mentioned above, those with different Quantities of the test product aftertreated terry cloth the degree of their softness in a number of different Concentrations of standard product (1-tallow fatty alkyl amidoethyl-2-tallow fatty alkyl-3-methyl-imidazolinium methosulfate) aftertreated rags. The concentration series must of course the respective effectiveness adjusted of the test product and, if necessary, accordingly be changed. To ensure the safety of the test results increase, the test is repeated at least once. This way, the average of all assessments a relatively precise indication of the softening effect a test substance compared to a standard product.

According to this test method, the results listed in the table below were obtained for the products of Examples 1 to 3. It can be seen that the condensation products according to the invention have a significantly better softening effect than the comparable commercial fabric softener.
Treatment agent according to the softening effect in
Comparison to standard product

0.1 g / l Example 1 0.12 g / l standard product **) 120% 0.2 g / l Example 1 0.24 g / l standard product **) 120% 0.1 g / l Example 2 0.115 g / l standard product **) 115% 0.2 g / l Example 2 0.23 g / l standard product **) 115% 0.1 g / l Example 3 0.11 g / l standard product **) 110% 0.2 g / l Example 3 0.22 g / l standard product **) 110%

**) Commercial plasticizer based on 1-tallow fatty alkyl amido ethyl 2-tallow fatty alkyl 3-methyl imidazolinium methosulfate

Claims (2)

1. Textile softening agent in the form of an aqueous solution or dispersion, containing as essential component 1 to 15 percent by weight of a condensation product of 1 to 1.5 mol of a fatty acid or a fatty acid ester of the formula I R-CO₂X (I) in which R is an aliphatic radical with 11 up to 21 carbon atoms and X are hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, with 1 mol of an alkylpropylenediamine oxyalkylate of the formula II in which R₁ is an aliphatic radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, R₂ is hydrogen or methyl, and x, y and z are 1 or 2, the sum of x, y and z being 1 to 2. 2. Liquid aqueous concentrates of textile softeners, containing as essential component 20 to 35 percent by weight of condensation products from 1 to 1.5 mol of a fatty acid or a fatty acid ester of the formula I R-CO₂X (I) in which R is an aliphatic radical having 11 to 21 carbon atoms and X is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, with 1 mol of an alkylpropylenediamine oxyalkylate of the formula II in which R₁ is an aliphatic radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, R₂ is hydrogen or methyl, and x, y and z are 0 or 1, the sum of x, y and z being 1 to 2.