DE2534261A1 - Oscillating fluid jet system - produces oscillations in jet before leaving self-regulating generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The oscillating fluid jet is formed inside a gaseous or liquid agent, and the oscillations in the jet are produced inside a self-regulating generator, before the jet leaves the generator. The generator can be in the form of a fluidic oscillator with an exit zone allowing free jet oscillation and directly connected to the oscillator outlet port. It can have an interaction chamber coupled to the exit zone by two control passages acting in the same or a different manner as the chamber, the dimensions of the latter being such that the static fluid pressure is higher than in the exit zone. The fluid in the passage flows only from the chamber to the exit zone.

Description

Device for cleaning and / or drying surfaces The invention relates to a device for cleaning and / or drying surfaces through Spraying with jets of liquid or by blowing out jets of air or gas.

Devices, in particular for cleaning dishes, are known. Here water is btw. a high pressure wash liquid dispensed from cans. The cleaning effect depends on the hardness of the jet and the jet diameter with which it hits the dishes to be cleaned. Supported by high temperature of the washing liquid and addition of harsh detergents becomes one Up to now, cleaning has only been achieved with a relatively high expenditure of energy.

The cleaning of smooth surfaces, as occurs with household dishes, is satisfactory if the exposure time is long enough; Unsatisfactory is the cleaning of fine sieves, filters, textile fabrics even with longer exposure times and the like materials, because they deal with conventional liquid jets often certain proportions of the dirt or other dirt to be removed or scoured off Particles not or only after a longer exposure time from the filter or textile fabric wash out, exposing the fabric to harmful stresses will. In addition, especially with filter and textile fabrics because of their sensitivity the pressure of the liquid jets must be limited in many ways. So you already have by shaking and vibrating the objects to be cleaned or by vibrating Movement of the nozzles tries to remove the dirt particles even with weaker liquid jets to spray, which, however, represents a considerable effort and also not with is the same for all objects to be cleaned.

In known cleaning devices, the essential Disadvantage revealed that the pressure for the washing jets emitted by the nozzles often very high must be chosen, so that sensitive materials or devices are damaged but otherwise the loosening of dirt particles could not be ensured could be. In addition, a large number of nozzles are required in order to spray the jets to be brought to all points of the surfaces to be cleaned.

Finally, devices for drying surfaces are through Inflating jets of hot air, such as with hair or hand dryers, is known. A disadvantage of these known hot air showers is that the nozzle or the one to be dried Object must be moved back and forth rapidly in the shortest possible time to be able to achieve an optimal drying effect.

The object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned at the beginning Specify type, with deX with reduced energy consumption and if necessary a smaller number of these have a high cleaning effect, in particular in filters and textile fabrics, is achieved with the items to be cleaned are largely spared. In addition, one should be dried without moving Object or the nozzle a much faster drying in one of the The air or gas flow must be the same.

The object is achieved in that the nozzle as a self-controlling fluidic oscillator is formed.

A particular advantage is that the fluidic oscillator has an exit area free of a divider without moving parts. Included it can also be advantageous that the nozzle consists of an essentially flat, closed interaction chamber, the broad side of flat parallels Top and bottom walls and narrow sides on both sides of the longitudinal axis through the chamber is limited by side walls that are axially symmetrical from the nozzle-like narrowed diverge coaxial entry opening and then to a coaxial neck shape narrowed outlet opening at a certain distance from the inlet opening converge and a downstream widening at the outlet opening Exit area, from which on both sides of the longitudinal axis through the inlet and outlet openings each have a control channel returned to the inlet opening, via the to control the back and forth movement of the beam in the exit area and for the delivery of a certain jet fan, the entry area to the exit area is coupled, the interaction chamber with the exit area and the Control channels are designed so that the static pressure in the interaction chamber is larger than in the exit area. Advantageous designs according to of the invention as a cleaning and / or drying device emerge from others Features of the subclaims.

The advantageous effect of a cleaning device according to the invention is based on the special effect of a liquid spray jet from at least a nozzle used in the device is dispensed, which is designed as a spray head is. The spray jet is characterized by a characteristic spray fan, which is created by the cyclic back and forth movement of a jet of liquid, which dissolves into individual traps of essentially the same specific size, by the choice of the dimensions of the spray head explained in more detail below, the supply pressure of the cleaning fluid and / or that of the fluid added Reagents for influencing the surface tension of the cleaning liquid adjustable is.

While conventional nozzles emit spray jets whose density is in the The center of the jet is very high, so that in many cases no droplets form at all takes place, and often decreases sharply from the center outwards, is the droplet density of the spray jet over its cross section is essentially the same size.

The spray jets of conventional cleaning devices bounce off a large number of droplets on a relatively small area of the area to be cleaned Surface close to each other at about the same time and form one on the Liquid protective film adhering to the surface on the droplets that follow hit. Hit at the spray jet of the cleaning device according to the invention the droplets, on the other hand, in a rapid cyclical movement across the fan of the Spray one after the other on closely spaced areas to be cleaned surface on, so that this is a series of droplets moving rapidly back and forth in an undulating manner is painted over (Fig. 1) without a comparable liquid protection film able to train that covers the dirt particles.

Surprisingly, it has been found that with such a Spraying a surface with droplets of approximately equal size dirt particles The surface is particularly easy to detach from filters and textile fabrics and well moistened, so that they can be removed from the flow of water even without assistance be quickly removed from mechanical scrapers. Through the peculiar undulating order of the paws on a surface to be cleaned Droplets of a certain size that hit with high frequency know the one to be treated Surface and / or the dirt particles to be removed the impact effect of the individual droplets come into full effect, thereby loosening the dirt particles is made much easier.

This beneficial effect can be explained by the fact that the cleaning device according to the invention on the surface to be cleaned no forms a coherent liquid film that encloses the dirt particles and on the other hand, a film of dirt adhering to the surface to be cleaned which forms the dirt particles before the impact of the falling droplets protects. The fact that the droplets of the known spray jets close together about the same time and in quick succession on the surface to be cleaned occur, the dirt particles of the surface to be cleaned are only the impact effect exposed to the first drops forming the protective film and not the subsequent ones Droplets that hit the protective film and the amount of liquid to maintain it of the protective film, but without affecting the dirt particles to know When the invention Spray jets can, however the impact of each of the droplets hitting the surface to be cleaned against the dirt particles come into their own because they are wavy back and forth traps impinge on the dirt particles and thereby the impact of the droplets can take full effect without being affected by a Fluid film to be inhibited. Such a liquid film that the dirt particles protects against the impact effect of droplets, can of the dripcheufsequence of the invention Spray jet cannot be built up or maintained.

It is clear that the effect of the cleaning device according to the invention is optimal in the area in which the spray fan of the spray head in a certain Distance from the object to be cleaned. Unless larger There are so many surfaces to be cleaned by a stationary cleaning device Spray heads provide that the individual spray fans of the dispensed from the SprübkUpfen Jets spray individual adjoining sections of the surface. It is clear that, however, also between one or more spray heads and the one to be cleaned Surface a relative movement can take place in order to use the spray nozzle (s) Know how to spray larger areas.

The advantageous effect of a drying device according to the invention is based on the special effect of an air or gas jet, which from at least a nozzle used in the device. The positive effect of a such air or gas jet is based on the same or similar criteria as those of the jet of liquid emitted by a cleaning device according to the invention. The air or gas jet is also characterized by a special jet fan, that by its cylindrical reciprocation in a particular Angular range arises and the surface to be dried in a quick back and forth sweeping wave-shaped movement.

If the drying device according to the invention is e.g. to be a hair dryer, compared to conventional ones kept quiet Hair dryers, the same degree of drying achieved in a much shorter time.

It is clear that the drying device according to the invention is not are limited to devices for the consumer market. So can the invention Nozzles are also used for a variety of drying processes in industrial production will. Everyone knows hot or cold air or gas jets for drying Kind of serve.

Finally, a cleaning device according to the invention can be used for Spraying a surface to be cleaned at the same time as a drying device serve by firstly from the nozzles according to the invention the cleaning liquid sprayed and then hot air or gas through the same nozzles or separate Nozzle is pressed. In a combined cleaning and drying device know the nozzles can also be arranged one behind the other along a path on the the object to be cleaned with a liquid and then to be dried is moved.

The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment and described by showing only one nozzle used, the for dispensing a liquid jet for cleaning purposes and / or for dispensing a air or gas jet can be used for drying purposes. It is clear that the arrangement of one or more nozzles on a stationary or movable frame a cleaning and cleaning agent according to the invention / or drying device in many ways depending on the shape of the to be cleaned and / or surface to be dried can be made without any further details Needs explanation.

In the drawings: FIG. 1 shows a nozzle according to the invention in perspective Representation with a snapshot of the liquid emerging from the nozzle or gas jet, Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the nozzle along the lines A-A in Fig. 1 in an enlarged view and Figs. 3, 4 and 5 two further according to the invention Nozzles.

In Fig. 1, the nozzle advantageously consists of at least two flat injection-molded parts made of plastic, which are layered on top of each other to form the nozzle. In more detail, the nozzle consists of a cover plate 5 and a base plate 6 with a neck section 7 for connecting a line 8 through which pressurized water in the nozzle is directed. It is clear that the base of the neck also has a different angular position may have to the base plate 6. The bottom plate 6 has shallow open depressions of substantially rectangular cross-sections extending from the flat cover plate 5 are covered, whereby in cross-section closed rectangular channels, chambers Inlet and outlet openings with a subsequent outlet area between flat ones Top and bottom surfaces and between these vertically extending side walls are formed, the shape and effect of which are explained in more detail below.

The nozzle has an inlet channel with a nozzle-like narrowed inlet opening 8, to which an interaction chamber 9 with a neck-shaped narrowed outlet opening 10 is connected, which in a funnel-shaped widening exit area 11 passes from which at a distance from the exit opening 10 channels 12 and 13 are fed back to the inlet opening 8. The interaction chamber with the channels 12 and 13 and the outlet area 11 are axially symmetrical to the central axis 14 formed by the inlet and outlet openings 8 and 10. The side walls 15 and 16 of the interaction chamber initially run in the form of a funnel from the inlet opening 8 to the outside in order to then run towards the narrowed neck outlet opening 10, creating a pear-shaped training. The funnel-shaped outlet opening is limited by side walls 17 and 18, which are relatively acute-angled to the outlet opening 10 connect. The channels 12 and 13 enter the exit area approximately perpendicularly 11 and downstream are the side wall sections adjoining the channel mouths of the exit area advantageously inclined slightly inward. Will be the closest The width of the main nozzle 8 is denoted by W, then the width of the outlet opening 10 advantageously in a range from 1.1 to 1.5 W and the distance between the narrowest cross-sections of the main nozzle 8 and the outlet 10 advantageously less than 8 W, in particular 5 to 8 W selected. The cross section of the channels 12, 13 is advantageously equal to or smaller than W. Have the channels 12 and 13 and the main nozzle 8 have the same depth, so it is advantageous to adjust the width of the channels 12, 13 less than / equal to 0.75 W. The above proportions are has been determined in experiments with a liquid nozzle according to the invention.

How the nozzle designed as a spray head works when connected to a pressurized water source is the following: becomes pressurized water or some other cleaning fluid via the entry channel 7 and the inlet opening 8 into the interaction chamber 9, then the water jet emanating from the inlet opening 8 is initially axially directed through the interaction chamber 9 onto the outlet opening 10 and exits into the open via the exit area. Due to the specific width of the outlet opening 10, part of the water jet is split off, which runs along the side walls 15 and 16 of the interaction chamber 9 flows back in the direction of the inlet opening 8 This return flow forms eddies on both sides of the jet. Because of small ones The vortex on one side of the beam becomes unbalanced in the interaction chamber stronger than on the other side of the beam. That leads to the fact that the jet flows along a side wall, in FIG. 2 along the side wall 15. The remaining vortex, to the left of the jet in Fig. 2, increases the pressure in the interaction chamber 9, caused by the jet exiting from the exit opening from the exit area 11 is effectively locked. The water completely fills the interaction chamber and the static fluid pressure reaches a higher level in the interaction chamber Value than in the exit area so that water from the interaction chamber in the channels in the area of the bus opening 8 in the direction of the exit area 11 is pressed. The beam is guided through the right side wall 15 in such a way that that it flows off in Fig. 2 in the direction of the left side wall 18 of the outlet area. When the jet flows past the outlet opening of the channel 13 in the outlet area water is sucked out of the channel 13. A buffer zone is formed between the jet and the side wall 18 which prevents the jet from hitting the side wall 18 hits. This largely avoids shear forces on the jet, so that the emergence of the finest Ilrapfchen at the interfaces of the jet in the essential to be avoided.

By sucking water out of the channel 13 by the jet will the flow in the channel increases, whereby the fluid pressure in channel 13 is opposite the liquid pressure in the channel 12, which is filled with water, is reduced, and in which no suction occurs. The result is in the entry area of the interaction chamber caused pressure difference leads to the fact that the jet from the left side wall 15 folded over to the right side wall 16 and flows along this. The jet now sucks Water from the channel 12 without impinging on the side wall 17 in the outlet area. The pressure difference that forms again in the entry area of the interaction chamber causes the beam to fold back into its first position. This cyclical Deflection of the beam leads to a cyclical 1 # swiveling of the beam within the exit area.

It is important that the channels from which no water is sucked are filled with water. During the oscillation of the jet in the exit area It breaks down into individual rdpfohen, which have essentially the same size.

By choosing the width of the exit opening to the entry opening and the axial length of the interaction chamber can be used to determine the design of the spray fan of the jet emerging from the exit area and set the size of the droplets. It is essential that the surrounding medium is neither through the channels nor through the Exit opening in the interaction chamber and enter with the water can mix, whereby a uniform droplet formation would be prevented. This effect is achieved by the fact that the widths of the entry and exit areas, the lengths of the interaction chamber and the channels as well as their width are chosen in this way are that the interaction chamber 9 via the channels 12 and 13 in the described Way is coupled to the exit area.

The spray fan dispensed by the spray head has at largely the same droplet size over its cross-section advantageously one to a large extent rgl'e, ## h ## spray density.

With a given supply pressure, the size of the earth pillar can be passed through Affect the addition of reagents that are added to the water in certain quantities to change its surface properties as desired.

The nozzle according to the invention is used to deliver an air or gas jet for drying purposes, the jet emerging from the nozzle performs a corresponding one Oscillating movement like the liquid jet illustrated in FIG. 2. Which The processes taking place in the nozzle operated with air or gas are essentially the same the processes described above for a water jet, so that a more extensive No explanation required.

In Fig. 3 and 4, a further nozzle according to the invention is shown. In Fig. 3 a part of a solid Rohrkdrpers 110 is shown, which has a central continuous Opening 111 for conduction or gas device of liquid / possesses. The opening 111 ends at the outlet end of the tubular body into which a flexible tube 112 is inserted. That one end of the tube is retained in the body of the tube or in some other way attached to the tubular body, the other end of the flexible tube floats freely. Gas / water flow through the line 111 and the tube 112. This begins Swing the free end of the tube back and forth or whip it back and forth. if this swinging motion is limited to one plane, the end of the tube swings back and forth with a frequency depending on the flow pressure.

FIG. 4 shows a nozzle according to FIG. 3 in a head part 120. The flexible Rdhrchen 121 is here firmly attached to a pipe end 122, supplied from the water will. The other end of the tube, on the other hand, can move freely. A bottom wall 123 and a top wall, not shown, cause the tube end only in the plane to swing parallel to these two walls able. Water that is dispensed from the flexible tube, has the shape of a liquid jet, which swings back and forth to the same extent as the free end of the tube inside the head 120 whipped back and forth. The beam is thereby in an outwardly fanned out Spray pattern from individual droplets. Here, too, the fluid can enter Be gas.

Another nozzle according to the invention is shown in FIG. 5, in which a leaf spring oscillator is inserted in the head of a nozzle 130. The oscillator has a substantially heart-shaped interaction chamber 131 attached to his pointed or downstream end is open to an outlet 135 for a water jet to build. An exit region 136 is disposed downstream from the exit end 135 and bounded by diverging exit walls 137 and 138. Inputs 132 and 133 for pressurized water are arranged in corresponding wings of the heart-shaped chamber 131. Connect the inputs to a small tube (not shown). The interaction chamber 131 is formed as a channel in a plate of the head 130 and is not through a Covered cover plate shown.

A vibratable leaf spring 134 extends longitudinally through the interaction chamber and is retained at the upstream end of the chamber. The other end of the spring is free to move and extends into the exit area 136. The width of the spring (i.e. the dimension of the spring perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) is slightly smaller than the depth of the channel that forms the interaction chamber 131. The spring thus divides the interaction chamber 131 i into two chamber halves 139 and 140.

In operation, the leaf spring 134 in the interaction chamber is through the alternating build-up and decrease of pressure on both sides of the spring towards and swinging, for example in the position of the spring in FIG. 5, in which it rests against the outlet wall 137, the sub-chamber 139 blocked by output 135. The pressure in the sub-chamber 139 therefore increases. the Partial chamber 140, however, is completely free from outlet 135, so that the pressurized water can flow freely and an increase in pressure is prevented. The pressure difference between The leaf spring causes the two chambers to swing out, swinging back and forth begins.

The water given off by the interaction chamber flows along it the spring 134. For example, if the leaf spring rests against the exit wall 137, the leaking liquid is carried through the leaf spring and through the side wall of the Partial chamber 140 directed to flow along the leaf spring. When the leaf spring begins to fold towards the outlet wall 138, strirmation remains from the sub-chamber 140 continue to adhere to the spring, supported by boundary layer effects or the so-called Ooanda effect along the leaf spring. As much as the leaf spring 134 moves away from the exit wall 138, pressure fluid begins to rise Measures from the sub-chamber 139 to flow. This flow is also caused by the Leaf spring and the side wall of the sub-chamber 139 directed. The two rays of the sub-chambers unite downstream from the end of the leaf spring 134 Reason for the low pressure level at the leaf spring tip as a result of the suction effect the liquid flow. The union of the two rays form a common one Beam that oscillates with the movement of the leaf spring. Depending on the material and the dimension of the spring as well as the pressure of the liquid, high oscillation frequencies can be achieved achieve. Here, too, the fluid can be a gas.

Various other beam oscillation devices lend themselves to this Those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention. It is essential that the beam itself vibrates and not the nozzle. By vibrations of the jet and not of the spray head much higher frequencies can be achieved.

Patent claims

Claims (12)

Claims @ device for cleaning and / or drying surfaces, by spraying with liquid jets or by blowing out air or gas jets, which are dispensed from at least one fixed or movable nozzle, thereby characterized in that the nozzle acts as a self-controlling fluidic oscillator is trained. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluidic Oscillator without moving parts an exit area free of a divider having. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the nozzle consists of a substantially flat closed interaction chamber (9), the broad side of flat, parallel top and bottom walls (5, 6) and the narrow side bounded on both sides of the longitudinal axis (14) by the chamber of side walls (15, 16) which is axially symmetrical from a nozzle-like narrowed coaxial inlet opening (8) diverge and then to a coaxial neck-shaped narrowed outlet opening (10) converge at a certain distance from the inlet opening and to the Exit opening is an exit area widening in the form of a funnel downstream (11) adjoins, from which on both sides of the longitudinal axis through the inlet and outlet openings one control channel (12, 13) is returned to the inlet opening (8) via which to control the back and forth movement of the jet in the exit area and to the Transfer of a certain jet fan from the entry area to the exit area is coupled, the interaction chamber (9) with the outlet area (11) and the control channels (12, 13) are designed so that the static pressure in the Interaction chamber is larger than in the exit area. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the formation of the spray fan, the density of the spray fan, over their cross-section and the droplet size by the choice of the width of the outlet openings (10) and / or the axial length of the interaction chamber (9) between the inlet and outlet openings (8, 10) and / or the width and length of the control channels (12, 13) in each case in relation to the width of the inlet opening (8) is adjustable. 5. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that with a narrowest width W of the main nozzle (8) the width the outlet opening (10) is 1.1 to 1.5 W, that the axial distance between the narrowest cross-sections of the main nozzle and the outlet opening (10) smaller than 8 W, in particular 5 to 8 W, and that the cross section of the control channels (12, 13) is equal to or smaller than the narrowest cross-section of the main nozzle. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the same depth of the control channels (12, 13) and the main nozzle (8) the width of the control channels is less than / equal to 0.75 W. 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the openings of the control channels (12, 13) in the side walls (17, 18) of the outlet area (11) lie downstream of the exit end and the sections of the side walls between the exit end and the openings with the adjoining side walls of the interaction chamber (9) form an acute angle. 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the sections of the side walls (17, 18) of the emergence area (left) downstream of the openings of the control channels (12, 13) at a smaller angle diverge than the portions of the side walls between the outlet end (11) of the Interaction chamber (9) and the openings of the control channels. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that the nozzle consists of a flat elongated Karger (6) on his rear end an approximately right-angled approach with a connection (7) for a rigid pipe (8) for supplying a pressure medium flow and on its flat top a fluidic oscillator forming channels and recesses has, which for the formation of rectangular flow cross-sections to a flat Connect the cover part (5). 10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that this is formed by a flexible tube (112, 121) with its one in a Bracket (110) fixed end connected to a line (111) to the pressure source and the other end is freely movable. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the freely movable end of the tube (121) within a flat funnel-shaped Room is led. 12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle (130) contains a flat, heart-shaped space with an exit area at the top (136) adjoins with diverging lateral exit walls (137, 138) and the at its rear wing ends each one to a pressure medium supply to closing Has opening (132, 133) by a flat leaf spring movable in the space (134) are separated, which with their rear end in the rear end of the room is held and whose free front end protrudes into the exit area.