DE2530997C3 - Electric swing compressor - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an electric swing compressor according to the preamble of claim 1.

It is already an electric swing compressor of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 known. Its stroke length cannot be changed during operation (VDI-Naci ichten page 2, no. 6 of February 7, 1962).

It is also known to drive a low-power compressor that consists of a compressor connected mass is made by an electromagnetic Alternating field constant number of periods is influenced. The natural frequency of the mass is »matched to resonance with the excitation frequency (refrigeration technology, 8th year, issue 3.1956).

In a known arrangement for limiting the stroke of an electromagnetic vibration compressor, the Oscillating armature mounted between two return springs. The armature vibrates during the suction stroke limited by dipping an anchor shaft provided with a throttle point into one filled with oil Cylinder (DE-AS10 53 710).

A method for operating an electromagnetic vibrating grain compressor is also known, in which the Compressor works in a departure from the so-called resonance mode with forced vibrations. The process takes place in such a way that the harmful space of the compressor is in a wide pressure range remains constant, while the stroke of the piston can change under different counter pressures and the performance over the same range also remains practically constant (DE-AS 9 71137).

In general, it is already known to design stator windings, .i'als self-contained windings (FR-PS '7 30 016.DE-PS4 86 292). '' - ■

A known linear motor is pole-changing due to the Dahlander circuit used in it, but only in the ratio ίϊ2. The sole aim of the Pole-changing is only the achievement of different things

Moving field velocities (DE-OS 20 53 095),

Finally, a rotating motor is already known, the winding of which is three or more different Groups of pole pairs can be interconnected. The rotary motor described above has in the long Acquired no meaning by the time it was known. Its design has long been abandoned. Besides, he's a AC motor, which because of the type of current with which it is operated, does not provide drive power ίο comes into question, the ν generated only with three-phase current can (DE-PS 54 967).

In compressors, as they are, for. B. used for heat pumps is a change in pressure and The volume of the conveyed medium is required over a wide range so that the machine can handle the different Can adjust loads.

The object of the invention is to provide the electrical

Vibration compressor of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 to be designed so that its stroke on easy way to change the delivery pressure and volume can be changed over a wide range

The task at hand is carried out according to the invention solved the specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 training

Appropriate training and further developments of the subject matter of the invention are set out in claims 2 and 3 specified.

The construction of the swing compressor according to the invention is surprisingly simple.

The invention is shown in the drawing by way of example and purely schematically. It shows

F i g. 1 a section through the drive part of the compressor transversely to the direction of movement,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of an 18-pole drive part of the compressor in section,

F i g. 3 shows a section along the line III-III in FIG. 2, Fig. 4 the spatial and temporal course of the flow through a stator, its coils to a Pole pairs are interconnected,

F i g. 5 shows the spatial and temporal course of the flow through a stator, the coils of which are 6 Pole pairs are interconnected.

Only the drive of the

Swing compressor shown. On a representation of the piston, the cylinder, the bearing of the drive and the otherwise common parts of a swing compressor have been omitted for the sake of a better overview.

As in Fig. 1, are housed in a stationary stator £ Ί, E ₂ , consisting of laminated dynamo stacks, so inducing windings W through which multiphase alternating current flows. A self-contained winding W _k , in which an induced current flows, is located on a moving part consisting of sheet metal stacks, the induction pulsator A, whose movement is pulsating in a straight line. The individual coils of the stator winding are interconnected in such a way that when they are connected to polyphase alternating current, a magnetic field that moves in a straight line through the stator is created, by which the induction pulse a) tor A is carried away Magnetic field and induction pulsator arise. An electronic switching device (not shown) reverses the polarity of the outer conductors of the Mchrphasen * current connections after each stroke of the induction pulsator A in such a way that the magnetic field moving in a straight line in the stator changes its direction of movement by 180 °, whereby a pulsating

de movement of the magnetic field arises, which induction pulsator A follows with a certain amount of slip. The movements of induction pulsator A are transmitted to a piston of the vibration compressor, not shown.

The Induktionspulsator A is to be made in a position on the intake stroke of the piston the same work as in the compression stroke, although the compression more work requires a balance can be made in that the piston draws mutually on iu both sides of the piston and compressed or that the Induktionspulsator A drives two alternately sucking and compressing pistons The solution, however, appears to be particularly advantageous that the drive work that is excess during the suction stroke is stored by a π spring and returned to the piston K during the compression stroke, whereby the compression work of the piston increases accordingly. consisting approximated from the Induktionspulsator a and the piston together with jo of the spring, an oscillatory system whose natural frequency to that of the magnetic field coincides pulsierendtn braking ^- ind accelerating the moving masses in the top and bottom dead center then not loaded vorzu e.g. the electric drive system, but is a peculiarity of the oscillating mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 1 can be seen, the Induktionspulsator A rectangular cross-section, the windings W ₁ filters in a sense, the graphical processing of the Statcrwicklung a three-phase rotary induction motor.

The in the F i g. The drive shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 of a vibrating compressor has the excitation winding W designed to generate a traveling field for j5 multiphase alternating current. This winding is coupled to a phase reversal control device, not shown. Furthermore, the excitation winding W _{1 is} interconnected from individual coils 1 to 18, which are arranged in slots in two stators E 1, E 2 and surrounds the oscillating armature A, which is round in cross section.

To change the delivery pressure and volume of the vibrating compressor, the working stroke can be varied in that the coils 1 to 18 of the excitation winding W can be interconnected with the control device to at least 3, in the number of pole pairs different groups of pole pairs ^ n are I.

Even with an excitation winding W ₁ of 12 coils, there are three groups of pole pairs that differ in the number of pole pairs, namely: -, o

1 pole pair,

Phase sequence of the coils RRR; SSS;

2 pole pairs.

Phase sequence of the coils
RR; SS; TT / RR; SS; TT

switched and connected to an outer conductor of the three-phase system. Phase sequence of the coils: RRRRRR, SSSSSS, TTTTTT /

Pole pairs,

if three consecutive coils are connected together. Phase sequence of the coils: RRR, SSS, TTT / RRR, SSS, TTT /

Pole pairs,

if two consecutive coils are connected together, phase sequence of the coils: RR ₁ SS ₁ TT / RR ₁ SS ₁ TT /

Pole pairs

Phase sequence of the coils:

RST / RST / RST / RST / RST / RST /

If the stator has 36 slots, then the following is included Number of pole pairs possible.

Phase sequence of the coils:

Polpaa ^r

RRRRRRRRRRR R, SSSSSSSSSSSS, TTTTTTTTTTTT /

Pole pairs

RRR RRR, SSS SSS, TTT TTT / RRR RRR, SSS SSS, TTT TTT /

Pole pairs

RRRR ₁ SSSS ₁ TTTTZRRRR ₁ SSSS ₁ TTTt / RRRR ₁ SSSS ₁ TTTt /

Pole pairs

RRR, SSS, TTT / RRR, SSS, TTT / RRR, SSS ₁ TTT / RRR, SSS ₁ TTT

Pol ,, aare

RR ₁ SS ₁ TTZRR ₁ SS ₁ Tt / RR ₁ SS ₁ TTZRR ₁ SS ₁ Tt / RR ₁ SS ₁ TT / RR ₁ SS ₁ TT /

J 2 pole pairs

RST / RST / RST / RST / RST / RST / RST / RST / RST / RST / RST / RST /

The possible number of pole pairs ρ are thus calculated according to the equation

3 · η

4 pole pairs,

Phase sequence of the coils
RST / RST / RST / RST

If the stator consists of parts E \ and £ 2 according to the drawing, Fig. 3, e.g. 18 slots, then the following pole pair numbers are possible:

1 pole pair,

If 6 consecutive coils are put together

bO

ζ = bobbin counter
. . π = positive real number

The equation is valid for those values of n for which ρ becomes an integer.

According to this equation, at Z = the number of pole pairs, ip = 1, 2, 3, 4) 6, 8, 12 and

The drawing, fig.4 and Pig, 5, shows the spatial-temporal course of the flow in the stator of the compressor drive according to the invention; The stator coils of the example according to the drawing, F i g. 4, are interconnected to form a pair of poles, while in the example according to FIG. 5 they are interconnected to form 6 pairs of poles. From the temporal spatial course of the flow, it can be seen that the stroke frequency of the piston is the same in both cases, but the stroke with 6 pole pairs is reduced to about 1/3 of the stroke in a pole pair, and the output of the compressor is correspondingly reduced. With the other possible number of pole pairs of the compressor, the stroke and thus the output power correspond to the changed number of pole pairs. Since the compressor output decreases as the number of pole pairs increases, it is advisable to connect the winding coils together in such a way that the active electrical power consumed is reduced in the same way as in the drawing. F ί g. 4 and FIG. 5, is shown; the z. B. coils connected to phases R are connected in parallel with 1 pole pair according to FIG. 4, whereas with 6 pole pairs they are connected in series according to FIG

ίο; can. An appropriate, multi-level performance tax ' tion of an electrically driven compressor, which is quite simple in its structure, is thus guaranteed.

Instead of a piston compressor, the drive system can also use a diaphragm compressor work.

For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Electric vibrating compressor with an excitation winding designed to generate a traveling field for polyphase alternating current, which is coupled to a control device for phase reversal and interconnected from individual coils is, which are arranged in slots of a stator and enclose a vibrating armature, which in a compression chamber protrudes, characterized in that the coils of the excitation winding with the control device to at least three, different in the number of pole pairs Groups of pole pairs can be interconnected. 2. Vibrating compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that one acting on the armature Spring on the masses of the armature and components of the compression chamber arranged thereon is matched that the natural frequency of the vibration system coincides with the frequency of the traveling field 3. Vibrating compressor according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the spring force of the Spring is at least partially replaced by a membrane of a diaphragm compressor.