DE252526C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

- JVI 252526 - CLASS 2 \ g. GROUP

Patented in the German Empire on May 4, 1911 .

The invention relates to a circuit for closing electrical circuits between fixed electrodes over a spark gap.

To make it easier to close such circuits or to reduce the width of the electrodes to be able to enlarge, it has already been proposed to arrange an auxiliary spark gap, which by ionization of the air die

ίο Easier discharge.

The subject matter of the invention differs from such known types of circuitry in that the spark gap is designed as a multiple spark gap and this through influences an oscillatory electromagnetic field arranged along the same will.

The oscillatory electromagnetic field can be caused by a resonator along which the spark gap lies, but the invention is not applicable to the application such limited. All that is necessary is the presence of a vibrating one electromagnetic field and the arrangement of the individual conductors forming the multiple spark gap in such a way that the latter along its axis, i.e. H. perpendicular to the surfaces Potential of the field.

The relief of the current connection comes about by the fact that the potential increase or the potential drop to a certain extent at the ends of the multiple spark gap single conductor. As a result, the individual conductors must have a small potential gradient be longer than on a steep slope. With such a device one can change the number of spark gaps Get any degree of attenuation of the spark discharge in the multiple spark gap.

To further clarify the invention, the drawing serves, on which also an application example is shown.

To a spark gap B and a 'capacitor C containing oscillation circuit, which in a known manner, for. B. can be excited by the secondary winding of a transformer, an Oudin's resonator A is connected. In the field of the same there is a number of conductors D, namely at distances E from each other, so that spark gaps are created over which the circuit is closed when the spark transition. The two end points i ^{71 of} the multiple spark gap formed in this way are connected to a capacitor F , the deposits of which are kept at a desired potential difference by a direct current or alternating current generator G. However, this potential difference is not sufficient to overturn the multiple spark gap; this requires the action of the resonator, which, when excited, closes the circuit and thereby causes the capacitor F to discharge.

If the capacitor F is not charged, small red sparks appear at the spark gaps, which are extremely short

Are durations, but they disappear when the capacitor is charged. !

The circuit described can be j use in different fields to complete a circuit. An important The area of application is that of wireless telegraphy.

Furthermore, the use of the specified switching method makes it possible in a simple manner . '.

ίο the conversion of alternating current into direct current. ;

Fig. 2 shows a circuit to convert high-voltage alternating current into high-voltage To convert direct current.

To a low voltage AC network; Voltage H, H is the primary winding of a transformer / connected, the secondary winding of which receives the layers of a capacitor K at a high potential difference. Further, the primary windings of two additional transformers, M and M ¹ to the AC mains H, H are connected, immediately with a \ end, but with the other j, with the interposition of rectifiers L and ZA The secondary windings of these transformers M and M ¹ are connected to the Capacities N, N ^1, the induction coils O, O and the spark gaps P, P ¹ connected to form an oscillating circuit in a known manner. These oscillating circuits are connected to the resonators A, A ¹ , each of which is provided with two spark discharge devices according to the present invention. The resonator A has the discharge devices D ¹ , Z) ² and the resonator A ^{1 has} the discharge devices D ³ and Z) ⁴ . Each of these four discharge devices is connected at one end to the capacitor K and at the other end to a different capacitor Q. The discharge devices Z) ² and Z) ³ have their lower ends with the opposite assignments of the capacitor K and their upper ends with the same side or the same assignment of the capacitor Q in connection. The discharge devices D ¹ and Z) ⁴ are also connected at their lower ends to the opposite assignments of the capacitor K and at their upper ends to the same side or assignment of the capacitor Q , but with the opposite side of the capacitor Q than the discharge devices-D ² and £> ^{3 are} connected. The lower end of D ⁴ communicates with the opposite side of capacitor K than D ^{3 is} connected, and so does D ^x with the opposite side ^{of D 2.}

The mode of operation of the arrangement is such that during one half of an oscillation period of the circuit H, H the resonator A spreads the sparks Z) ¹ and D ² and during the other half oscillation period the resonator A ¹ excites the spark gaps D ³ and D ^4, so that discharges take place from the capacitor K to the capacitor Q which, as a result of the alternating action of the two sides of the device, always have the same direction. The capacitor Q discharges into the lines R, R and thus forms a current source for high-voltage direct current.

Claims (4)

Patent Claims: 1. Switching method for closing electrical circuits between stationary Electrodes over a spark gap, characterized in that the spark gap designed as a multiple spark gap and along an oscillating electromagnetic Field is arranged. 2. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the spark gaps containing circuit is used for wireless messaging. 3. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that by alternating Closing of spark gaps, which are arranged in two different branches, the transformation of Alternating current is made possible in direct current. 4. Circuit according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that an alternating current source (H, H) (e.g. by a transformer / brought to high voltage) is connected to a capacitor (K), one of which is occupied by two multiple spark gaps ( D ¹ , D ³ ) of two resonators (A, A ¹ ) with the assignments of a second capacitor (Q) and its other assignment accordingly over two further multiple spark gaps (D ² , D *) of the same resonators (A, A ¹ ) also with the Assignments of the second capacitor (Q) is connected in such a way that the multiple spark gaps of each resonator are connected to both assignments of the second capacitor (Q) , the resonators alternately (through rectifiers L, L ¹ , transformers M, M ¹ and resonant circuits N, O, P and N ¹ , O ¹ , P ¹ ) are excited. 1 sheet of drawings.