DE2510131A1 - SHOCK-INSENSITIVE CELL FOR LEAD-ACID ACCUMULATORS - Google Patents

Description

PFENNING MAAS SEILER MEINIG LEMKE SPOTT

PATENT Attorneys 2 0 I U 1 0 I

BERLIN · MÖNCHEN · AUGSBURG J. Pfenning, Olpl.-Ing. ■ Berlin

* Patent attorneys Pfenning · Maas · StHtr. M (InIg · Lemke · Spott * _H Seller DIpI -Ina · Berlin

K. H. MeInIg, DIpl.-Phys. · Berlin J. M. Lemke, Dlpl.-Ing. Augsburg Dr. G. Spott, Dlpl.-Chem. ■ Munich

BORO BERLIN: D 1000 Berlin 19 Oldenburgallee

Telephone: 030/3045521/3045522

Telegram address: Seilwehr patent

Your reference Your message from our logo in Berlin Your reference Your letter of Our reference date

Pf / schu March 6, 1975

SHARES T U D O R

S-I72 81 SUNDBYBERG, Sweden

Shock-resistant cell for lead-acid batteries

The invention relates to a shock-resistant cell for lead-acid batteries.

Electric accumulators are often mechanical shocks or exposed to shock loads, as is the case, for example, with lead-acid batteries for electric transport vehicles or for civil and military underwater vehicles. The stresses and strains that these batteries are exposed and the demands to withstand them also vary. In many cases these are Load conditions are very high and in some applications it is necessary that the battery is functional

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must remain after a shock load of 50 g for a time of 10 milliseconds, with such high The structure and construction of the battery is of course influenced to a great extent by stresses, but also when it is less The risk of impacts must be taken into account.

A battery cell is subject to other requirements. First and foremost, it must function as an electrical power source meet, but the available space often makes it necessary to adjust the length and width of the cell, which of course leads to very tall cells.

Such high cells, however, have disadvantages from a mechanical and also from an electrochemical point of view. at very long electrodes increases the risk of uneven charging across the electrode surface, with a uneven utilization and a drop in overall efficiency results. Long electrodes from lead-acid batteries inherently have unsatisfactory properties

visibly their resistance to shock or shock loads. If, for a given installation volume, is required, for example, in a horizontal cylinder, j

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To connect cells of different heights in a chain, it is extremely difficult for these different ones Cells receive the same electrical data.

Various approaches have been taken to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages. To achieve an even utilization of the electrode material and an even drop To obtain the internal electrical resistance of the cell, various embodiments with split electrodes have been made used. Instead of a long electrode, attempts have been made to divide this into several superimposed partial electrodes split and connect these electrodes together; this can be done using a number of narrow electrodes arranged along a connecting rail and one or more similar set of electrodes above this Electrode sets are arranged, which are electrically connected to one another. It is also possible to use tubular electrodes to share using so-called cross connections, j where at equal distances along the electrodes around the electrodes distributed connections of electrical conductive material are provided. This embodiment offers certain electrochemical advantages at the expense of a less utilization of the usable installation space and on

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Costs of increased weight,

Various paths have been taken to get the The ability of the accumulator cells to withstand mechanical shock loads. For example the electrodes were placed on strips of rubber or similar material, and they are different suspension devices for the electrodes have already been proposed. An attempt was also made to reinforce the aforementioned tubular electrodes using, for example, reinforced thermosetting ones Polymers.

In contrast, the invention relates to a cell for lead-acid batteries directed, which preferably has rectangular electrodes and characterized is that the electrodes are arranged horizontally at an angle to the horizontal that is only so large that the blockage of gas bubbles is avoided and that a natural circulation of the electrolyte is ensured is. If charging takes place without gas development, and if there is an artificially forced circulation of the electrolyte is applied, this angle can be 0 °. The electrodes are preferably on energy-absorbing material,

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for example rubber, arranged, which is preferably a

Plate made of rigid, electrically insulating material
possesses, for example a glass fiber reinforced polyester.

By arranging the electrodes horizontally, both
mechanical as well as electrochemical advantages for one
given cell space. These benefits work
to a greater extent in cells that have a height
which are at least three times the length or the width
corresponds to the cell. In such cells, the uneven charge distribution on the electrodes and the low mechanical strength of the lead are important factors.
In addition to these advantages, the cell with horizontally arranged electrodes makes it possible to make an arrangement j in the cell through which the overlying electrode des
Electrode set a pressure is exerted. This i

prevents unrestricted expansion of the electrodes, j

due to excessive discharges, since the j electrodes are always a consequence of such discharges j

expand. j

The accompanying drawings show, for example, embodiments of the cell according to the invention, and it
means:

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1 shows a battery formed from the cells according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section along line A-A of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a vertical section along line B-B of Fig. 2,

4 shows the connection between the two cells of the battery,

Fig. 5

and 6 representations according to FIG. 2 in modified ones!

Embodiment,

7 shows an embodiment with specially designed Zeil housing,

Figures 1 to 6 show a battery formed from two cells. The number of cells can be different in Depending on the required battery voltage. The separators, which are between electrodes of different types

are arranged, are shown in the drawings as well as other incidental parts, for example

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a ventilation arrangement, plastic supports around the electrodes and the like.

The electrodes of the accumulator cell are arranged in a housing 1 which has openings 2 and outer pole pieces 3. The outer pole pieces 3 are each part of an inner connecting rail 4 and 8. In the cell there are two more Connecting rails 6 and 7 are provided, which are electrically connected to one another by a bolt 10. In each Cell, the electrodes 5A of the same type on the connecting rails 4 and 7 are attached, while the electrodes 5B of a different type are attached to connecting rails 6, 8. The electrodes are not arranged vertically in the cell as usual, but they are practically horizontal and at an angle to the horizontal which is only large enough to prevent gas bubbles from being blocked in the cell will. The electrodes rest on a carrier 11, which has energy-absorbing properties against impact or shock loads the cell owns. The material of the carrier 11 can be at least partially hollow and electrolyte liquid contained, whereby the volume of the cell is better used. To further strengthen the structure of the cell, For example, the electrodes of one type or the separators can be provided with an edge of insulating material

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be, the edges are formed so that when stacked the electrodes for an electrode set are given an uninterrupted support for all electrodes.

With an arrangement of the connecting rails and the connection of the two battery cells, as shown in the figures 2, 3 and 4, a maximally uniform distribution of the charge on the electrodes is achieved, and also the internal electrical resistance in the cell is the same for every possible path of electrical current, However, this arrangement of the connecting rails is not an indispensable requirement of the invention and that of it The benefit achieved can be very small in certain cases. Therefore, modified arrangements are shown in FIGS shown.

Since the poles of these embodiments are directed vertically, in contrast to cells with horizontal connecting rails, there is no need to provide any space above the connecting rails for different heights of the electrolyte, and a space on the side of the connecting rail and the attachment can be used for adjacent cells , as shown in figures 2 _r 5 and 7,

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This is especially easy when it comes to double cells is, however, can also be used for single cells, as shown in FIG. The cell housings are equipped with projecting stops that come into contact with one another and which are completely compatible with the available Fill in space. As shown in FIG. 4, the electrode does not need to be opposite the vertical connecting rail be inclined, it can also be inclined to a housing side where there is no connecting rail .. The The approach and the connecting bar in a normal cell must have a certain length in order to prevent sludge deposits to prevent at the exit point of the gases. In the embodiment according to the invention, the Approaches to the electrodes should be very short, and an electrical short circuit at the top of the electrodes To prevent the acid from flowing out, these edges can be insulated.

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Claims (9)

- 10 claims 1. Shock-resistant cell for lead-acid accumulators, characterized in that the electrodes, which are preferably rectangular in shape, lie at such an angle to the horizontal plane are arranged that blocking of gas bubbles is prevented. 2. Cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the cell is at least three times its width or length. 3. Cell according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the electrode located on the ground rests on an energy-absorbing support. 4. Cell according to claim 3, characterized in that the carrier consists of a preferably perforated or otherwise open plate consists of rigid insulating material, which is made on an edge support elastic material rests. - 11 - 509833/0692 - li - 5. Cell according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that it has a pressure exerting device on the upper electrode. 6. Cell according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the electrodes are supported on their periphery by an edge made of insulating material, 7. Cell according to claim 6, characterized in that the supporting edge is part of the positive or the negative electrodes or the separator forms. 8. Cell according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cell has one in the upper region of the cell and another connection located in the bottom area of the cell. 9. Cell according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cell with one as a stop serving projection is provided with a stop also serving as a projection of an adjacent one Clamp enters system. - 12 - "509838/0692 10, cell according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the electrodes either in one to the approach and the connecting rails of the electrodes or in a direction perpendicular to this are arranged inclined. 509030/0692 Blank page